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本系列主要分为三部分,前两部分主要分析mybatis的实现原理,最后一部分结合spring,来看看mybtais是如何与spring结合的就是就是mybatis-spring的源码。

相较于spring,mybatis源码算是比较容易理解的,因为很少用一层层的抽象,类所做的事一目了然,但是要说质量的话,我还是偏向与spring,只是个人意见,好了我们开始:

为了便于理解,我们分两部分介绍mybatis,本篇着重介绍mybtais是如何解析xml或者注解,并将其结构化为自己的类。

先看mybatis官网上的一个例子:

 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);  //本篇只分析到这
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        BlogMapper blogMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(BlogMapper.class);
        Blog blog = blogMapper.getById(1);
}

抛开其他框架,我们只用mybatis的话可以看到,核心的几个类:

SqlSessionFactory,
SqlSession,
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder

老规矩,在正真看代码之前,我们先把核心的几个类拿出来解释一下,然后看一下类图,从整体上了解mybatis的设计:

SqlSessionFactory:顾名思义,sqlsession的工厂类,从上面的例子可以看出,一个SqlSessionFactory实例对应一个mybatis-config.xml配置即一个数据源
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder:SqlSessionFactory的组装车间,这里用了类似建造者模式,为啥是类似,因为这不是标准的建造者模式,这里说一句,mybatis里很多地方都用了这种不是很标准的建造者模式。
SqlSession:一次数据库会话对应一个SqlSession实例
Configuration:这个类是本篇的重点,它和sqlsessionfactory的重要产出,我们在xml或者注解中的几乎所有配置都会被解析并装载到configuration的实例中。
MappedStatement:这个类实际上是被configuration持有的,之所以拿出来单独说,是因为它太重要了,我们的sql相关的配置,都会被解析放在这个类的实例中,因此,很多分页插件也是通过改变这个类中的sql,来将分页的逻辑切入正常逻辑中。(当然不仅仅可以做分页,也可以做加密等等)。
 public SqlSessionFactory build(Reader reader, String environment, Properties properties) {
    try {
      XMLConfigBuilder parser = new XMLConfigBuilder(reader, environment, properties);
      return build(parser.parse());
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error building SqlSession.", e);
    } finally {
      ErrorContext.instance().reset();
      try {
        reader.close();
      } catch (IOException e) {
        // Intentionally ignore. Prefer previous error.
      }
    }
  }

Configuration这个类的实例是在XMLConfigBuilder的构造方法中被创造出来的,我们重点来看解析的逻辑:

public Configuration parse() {
    if (parsed) {
      throw new BuilderException("Each XMLConfigBuilder can only be used once.");
    }
    parsed = true;
    parseConfiguration(parser.evalNode("/configuration"));
    return configuration;
  }

顺便提一句,mybatis解析xml用的是java中自带的解析器的,有关xml解析的知识这里不会细讲,有兴趣的同学可以去了解一下dom4j,dom,sax,jdom等的区别和优劣。

 private void parseConfiguration(XNode root) {
    try {
      //issue #117 read properties first
      propertiesElement(root.evalNode("properties"));
      Properties settings = settingsAsProperties(root.evalNode("settings"));
      loadCustomVfs(settings);
      typeAliasesElement(root.evalNode("typeAliases"));
      pluginElement(root.evalNode("plugins"));
      objectFactoryElement(root.evalNode("objectFactory"));
      objectWrapperFactoryElement(root.evalNode("objectWrapperFactory"));
      reflectorFactoryElement(root.evalNode("reflectorFactory"));
      settingsElement(settings);
      // read it after objectFactory and objectWrapperFactory issue #631
      environmentsElement(root.evalNode("environments"));
      databaseIdProviderElement(root.evalNode("databaseIdProvider"));
      typeHandlerElement(root.evalNode("typeHandlers"));
      mapperElement(root.evalNode("mappers"));
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new BuilderException("Error parsing SQL Mapper Configuration. Cause: " + e, e);
    }
  }

这里我们主要看这几个方法,typeAliasesElement方法是注册类的别名,我们在xml中指定resultType或paramterType时会用到。这里使用了之前配置的VFS的实现类去装载指定package底下的类的字节码,然后通过反射获取类的信息。

settingsElement方法是将之前的配置赋值给configuration实例,简单的赋值,这里就不上源码了。

typeHandlerElement注册了类型处理器,同样,和typeAliasesElement方法类似,这个方法也可以去扫描指定包路径底下的类,并为这些类创建别名,默认使用的是Class.getSimpleName(),即类名称的缩写。

接下来会解析插件,然后实例化注册到Configuration中,等运行时动态代理目标类, 这部分我们会在下一章重点分析,这里不做介绍,然后会把所有的配置都设置到configuration中,后面的解析datasource和解析typehandler的逻辑这里就不分析了,都是简单的解析赋值操作,我们重点来看mapperElement方法:

private void mapperElement(XNode parent) throws Exception {
    if (parent != null) {
      for (XNode child : parent.getChildren()) {
        if ("package".equals(child.getName())) {
          String mapperPackage = child.getStringAttribute("name");
          configuration.addMappers(mapperPackage);
        } else {
          String resource = child.getStringAttribute("resource");
          String url = child.getStringAttribute("url");
          String mapperClass = child.getStringAttribute("class");
          if (resource != null && url == null && mapperClass == null) {
            ErrorContext.instance().resource(resource);
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            XMLMapperBuilder mapperParser = new XMLMapperBuilder(inputStream, configuration, resource, configuration.getSqlFragments());
            mapperParser.parse();
          } else if (resource == null && url != null && mapperClass == null) {
            ErrorContext.instance().resource(url);
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getUrlAsStream(url);
            XMLMapperBuilder mapperParser = new XMLMapperBuilder(inputStream, configuration, url, configuration.getSqlFragments());
            mapperParser.parse();
          } else if (resource == null && url == null && mapperClass != null) {
            Class<?> mapperInterface = Resources.classForName(mapperClass);
            configuration.addMapper(mapperInterface);
          } else {
            throw new BuilderException("A mapper element may only specify a url, resource or class, but not more than one.");
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

这里主要是两部分,上面是扫描包,根据注解生成对应的mappedStatement,第二部分是解析xml配置,根据xml配置来生成mappedstatement,我们先看第一部分,根据注解生成mappedstatemnet:

configuration会把工作委托给MapperRegistry去做,MapperRegistry会持有所有被解析的接口(运行时生成动态代理用),而最终解析的产物:mappedstatement依然会被configuration实例持有放在mappedStatements的map中:

  public void addMappers(String packageName, Class<?> superType) {
    ResolverUtil<Class<?>> resolverUtil = new ResolverUtil<>();
    resolverUtil.find(new ResolverUtil.IsA(superType), packageName);
    Set<Class<? extends Class<?>>> mapperSet = resolverUtil.getClasses();
    for (Class<?> mapperClass : mapperSet) {
      addMapper(mapperClass);
    }
  }

这里同样是扫描指定包路径地下的所有类,并且根据filter(new ResolverUtil.IsA(superType)),挑选出满足条件的类,这里的条件是Object.class,所以包底下的所有类都会被装进来,接下来就是遍历这些类然后解析了:

  public <T> void addMapper(Class<T> type) {
    if (type.isInterface()) {
      if (hasMapper(type)) {
        throw new BindingException("Type " + type + " is already known to the MapperRegistry.");
      }
      boolean loadCompleted = false;
      try {
        knownMappers.put(type, new MapperProxyFactory<T>(type));
        // It's important that the type is added before the parser is run
        // otherwise the binding may automatically be attempted by the
        // mapper parser. If the type is already known, it won't try.
        MapperAnnotationBuilder parser = new MapperAnnotationBuilder(config, type);
        parser.parse();
        loadCompleted = true;
      } finally {
        if (!loadCompleted) {
          knownMappers.remove(type);
        }
      }
    }
  }

我们看到,这里只解析所有接口,MapperRegistry所持有的是一个knownMappers,这里会有一个工厂类的实例MapperProxyFactory,这个类会在下一章介绍,会在生成接口的动态代理时被调用,我们继续往下看,接下来就是接口的解析工作了:

 public void parse() {
    String resource = type.toString();
    if (!configuration.isResourceLoaded(resource)) {
      loadXmlResource();
      configuration.addLoadedResource(resource);
      assistant.setCurrentNamespace(type.getName());
      parseCache();
      parseCacheRef();
      Method[] methods = type.getMethods();
      for (Method method : methods) {
        try {
          // issue #237
          if (!method.isBridge()) {
            parseStatement(method);
          }
        } catch (IncompleteElementException e) {
          configuration.addIncompleteMethod(new MethodResolver(this, method));
        }
      }
    }
    parsePendingMethods();
  }

在执行真正解析之前,mybatis又去load了一次xml文件,这是为了防止之前没有装在xml,保证一定是xml被解析完,再解析接口,

  void parseStatement(Method method) {
    Class<?> parameterTypeClass = getParameterType(method);
    LanguageDriver languageDriver = getLanguageDriver(method);
    SqlSource sqlSource = getSqlSourceFromAnnotations(method, parameterTypeClass, languageDriver);
    if (sqlSource != null) {
      Options options = method.getAnnotation(Options.class);
      final String mappedStatementId = type.getName() + "." + method.getName();
      Integer fetchSize = null;
      Integer timeout = null;
      StatementType statementType = StatementType.PREPARED;
      ResultSetType resultSetType = ResultSetType.FORWARD_ONLY;
      SqlCommandType sqlCommandType = getSqlCommandType(method);
      boolean isSelect = sqlCommandType == SqlCommandType.SELECT;
      boolean flushCache = !isSelect;
      boolean useCache = isSelect;

      KeyGenerator keyGenerator;
      String keyProperty = null;
      String keyColumn = null;
      if (SqlCommandType.INSERT.equals(sqlCommandType) || SqlCommandType.UPDATE.equals(sqlCommandType)) {
        // first check for SelectKey annotation - that overrides everything else
        SelectKey selectKey = method.getAnnotation(SelectKey.class);
        if (selectKey != null) {
          keyGenerator = handleSelectKeyAnnotation(selectKey, mappedStatementId, getParameterType(method), languageDriver);
          keyProperty = selectKey.keyProperty();
        } else if (options == null) {
          keyGenerator = configuration.isUseGeneratedKeys() ? Jdbc3KeyGenerator.INSTANCE : NoKeyGenerator.INSTANCE;
        } else {
          keyGenerator = options.useGeneratedKeys() ? Jdbc3KeyGenerator.INSTANCE : NoKeyGenerator.INSTANCE;
          keyProperty = options.keyProperty();
          keyColumn = options.keyColumn();
        }
      } else {
        keyGenerator = NoKeyGenerator.INSTANCE;
      }

      if (options != null) {
        if (FlushCachePolicy.TRUE.equals(options.flushCache())) {
          flushCache = true;
        } else if (FlushCachePolicy.FALSE.equals(options.flushCache())) {
          flushCache = false;
        }
        useCache = options.useCache();
        fetchSize = options.fetchSize() > -1 || options.fetchSize() == Integer.MIN_VALUE ? options.fetchSize() : null; //issue #348
        timeout = options.timeout() > -1 ? options.timeout() : null;
        statementType = options.statementType();
        resultSetType = options.resultSetType();
      }

      String resultMapId = null;
      ResultMap resultMapAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(ResultMap.class);
      if (resultMapAnnotation != null) {
        String[] resultMaps = resultMapAnnotation.value();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (String resultMap : resultMaps) {
          if (sb.length() > 0) {
            sb.append(",");
          }
          sb.append(resultMap);
        }
        resultMapId = sb.toString();
      } else if (isSelect) {
        resultMapId = parseResultMap(method);
      }

      assistant.addMappedStatement(
          mappedStatementId,
          sqlSource,
          statementType,
          sqlCommandType,
          fetchSize,
          timeout,
          // ParameterMapID
          null,
          parameterTypeClass,
          resultMapId,
          getReturnType(method),
          resultSetType,
          flushCache,
          useCache,
          // TODO gcode issue #577
          false,
          keyGenerator,
          keyProperty,
          keyColumn,
          // DatabaseID
          null,
          languageDriver,
          // ResultSets
          options != null ? nullOrEmpty(options.resultSets()) : null);
    }
  }

这洋洋洒洒一堆,目的就是为了解析注解的配置,然后构建一个mappedstatement,我们只看核心逻辑:

首先,mybatis会根据注解生成一个sqlSource,这个接口是承载sql的实例,接口只有一个方法:getBoundSql,这个方法会根据传入的参数,将原来的sql解析,替换为能被数据库识别执行的sql,然后放入boundsql中,同样,这个方法是在运行时才被调用的。这里我们只看生成sqlsource的逻辑:

  private SqlSource getSqlSourceFromAnnotations(Method method, Class<?> parameterType, LanguageDriver languageDriver) {
    try {
      Class<? extends Annotation> sqlAnnotationType = getSqlAnnotationType(method);
      Class<? extends Annotation> sqlProviderAnnotationType = getSqlProviderAnnotationType(method);
      if (sqlAnnotationType != null) {
        if (sqlProviderAnnotationType != null) {
          throw new BindingException("You cannot supply both a static SQL and SqlProvider to method named " + method.getName());
        }
        Annotation sqlAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(sqlAnnotationType);
        final String[] strings = (String[]) sqlAnnotation.getClass().getMethod("value").invoke(sqlAnnotation);
        return buildSqlSourceFromStrings(strings, parameterType, languageDriver);
      } else if (sqlProviderAnnotationType != null) {
        Annotation sqlProviderAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(sqlProviderAnnotationType);
        return new ProviderSqlSource(assistant.getConfiguration(), sqlProviderAnnotation, type, method);
      }
      return null;
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new BuilderException("Could not find value method on SQL annotation.  Cause: " + e, e);
    }
  }

这里只有两种情况,普通的sql,和sqlprovider,我们来看核心方法:

@Override
  public SqlSource createSqlSource(Configuration configuration, String script, Class<?> parameterType) {
    // issue #3
    if (script.startsWith("<script>")) {
      XPathParser parser = new XPathParser(script, false, configuration.getVariables(), new XMLMapperEntityResolver());
      return createSqlSource(configuration, parser.evalNode("/script"), parameterType);
    } else {
      // issue #127
      script = PropertyParser.parse(script, configuration.getVariables());
      TextSqlNode textSqlNode = new TextSqlNode(script);
      if (textSqlNode.isDynamic()) {
        return new DynamicSqlSource(configuration, textSqlNode);
      } else {
        return new RawSqlSource(configuration, script, parameterType);
      }
    }
  }

首先判断是不是脚本,如果是脚本则走解析脚本的逻辑,如果不是,则判断是否是动态sql,判断的逻辑就是sql中是否含有 ”${}" 这样的关键字,如果有则是动态sql,如果不是,则是静态的。静态的话在构造方法中还有一段逻辑:

  public RawSqlSource(Configuration configuration, String sql, Class<?> parameterType) {
    SqlSourceBuilder sqlSourceParser = new SqlSourceBuilder(configuration);
    Class<?> clazz = parameterType == null ? Object.class : parameterType;
    sqlSource = sqlSourceParser.parse(sql, clazz, new HashMap<String, Object>());
  }

这段的作用,是继续解析sql中的 “#{}” ,将其替换为 ? ,然后返回一个StaticSqlSource的实例。其实DynamicSqlSource最中也是转化为StaticSqlSource的,只不过它是在getBoundSql被调用的时候才做的,而且这里还会把"${}"替换为相应的参数:

  public BoundSql getBoundSql(Object parameterObject) {
    DynamicContext context = new DynamicContext(configuration, parameterObject);
    rootSqlNode.apply(context);
    SqlSourceBuilder sqlSourceParser = new SqlSourceBuilder(configuration);
    Class<?> parameterType = parameterObject == null ? Object.class : parameterObject.getClass();
    SqlSource sqlSource = sqlSourceParser.parse(context.getSql(), parameterType, context.getBindings());
    BoundSql boundSql = sqlSource.getBoundSql(parameterObject);
    for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : context.getBindings().entrySet()) {
      boundSql.setAdditionalParameter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
    }
    return boundSql;
  }

所以我们拿到的BoudSql的实例实际上已经经过了解析。

解析完sqlsource后,mybatis会生成相应的mappedstatement,为了区分不同的mappedstatement,mysql为其创建了一个Id:

final String mappedStatementId = type.getName() + "." + method.getName();

这里可以看到,Id是类名加上方法名,这里就有一个问题,当类中的方法被重载时,mybatis会认为有问题的,可以看到,虽然方法被重载,mappedStatementId依然是同一个,所以mybatis中sql的接口是不能重载的。

下面就是根据注解的配置,创建相应的对象,然后一起组装成mappedstatement对象,然后放入configuration实例中的mappedstatements中。

 

至此,mybaits的sql解析篇就到此结束了,当然,mybatis的功能还远远不止如此,我们将在下一篇,mybatis的执行中,看到mybatis在运行时是如何代理接口,mybatis的各种插件有事如何介入的。

 

                                                                                                                                                                   转载请注明出处,谢谢~

 

posted on 2018-08-24 14:33  在山的那边  阅读(3016)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报