Maven搭建SSH框架
工具：Eclipse(Maven管理工具)+Tomcat+Mysql。
1.新建一个Maven工程(maven-archetype-webapp)。
打开File ——>new——>Maven Project,直接next,选择(maven-archetype-webapp).接着输入Grouid和ArtifactId,点击finish等待生成项目即可。
2.修改pom.xml文件，我这里的依赖是网上找的。保存后会自动下载jar包在你的repository文件夹中（这里要保证连网）。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.gh</groupId> <artifactId>SSH1</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>SSH1 Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <!-- 统一源码的编码方式 --> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <!-- 统一各个框架版本 --> <struts.version>2.5.10</struts.version> <spring.version>4.3.8.RELEASE</spring.version> <hibernate.version>4.2.4.Final</hibernate.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- Spring 核心依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring web依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring整合ORM框架依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Struts2 核心依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId> <version>${struts.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Struts2和Spring整合依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId> <version>${struts.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Hibernate 核心依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- MySQL 依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.42</version> </dependency> <!-- C3P0 依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5</version> </dependency> <!-- AspectJ依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.10</version> </dependency> <!-- SLF4J依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.7.25</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-pool</groupId> <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId> <version>1.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>taglibs-standard-spec</artifactId> <version>1.2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>taglibs-standard-impl</artifactId> <version>1.2.5</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>SSH1</finalName> <!-- 统一源代码编译输出的JDK版本 --> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.5.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.7</source> <target>1.7</target> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- 打包时跳过单元测试 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.19.1</version> <configuration> <skipTests>true</skipTests> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- 集成Tomcat插件 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> <configuration> <path>/${project.artifactId}</path> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
3.修改web.xml文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <display-name>ssh</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!-- 配置Struts2过滤器 --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置Spring的监听器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 指定Spring配置文件所在路径 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> </web-app>
4.添加struts.xml文件和applicationcontext.xml文件在src目录下。
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd"><!-- 注意版本 --> <struts> <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true"/> <package name="user" namespace="/user" extends="struts-default"> <action name="UserAction" class="action.UserAction" method="toLogin"> <result name="success">/index2.jsp</result> <result name="error">/error.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
applicationcontext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd" default-autowire="byName"> <context:annotation-config /> <!-- spring 扫描路径，注意当前工程只需要扫描dao和service，srpingmvc或者struts2注解才有变化 --> <context:component-scan base-package="dao,service" /> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"> </property> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/young"> </property> <property name="username" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="root"></property> </bean> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource"> <ref bean="dataSource" /> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect </prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql"> true </prop> </props> </property> <property name="mappingDirectoryLocations"> <list> <value>classpath:entity/</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置声明式事务管理（采用注解的方式） --> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> </bean> <!-- 开启注解事务 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/> </beans>
5.新建实体，动作类和接口等。结构如下图。
UserAction.java
package action; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import entity.User; import service.UserService; @Controller public class UserAction extends ActionSupport{ /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Autowired private UserService userService;//�Զ�ע�� public String toLogin(){ List<User>list=userService.findAll(); for (User user : list) { System.out.println(user.getUserName()); } return "success"; } }
BaseDao.java
package common; import java.util.List; public interface BaseDao<T> { public List<T> findAll(); public int insert(T t); public int update (T t,int id); public int delete(int id); public T findById(int id); }
BaseService.java
package common; import java.util.List; public interface BaseService <T>{ public List<T> findAll(); public boolean insert(T t); public boolean update (T t,int id); public boolean delete(int id); public T findById(int id); }
UserDao.java
package dao; import common.BaseDao; import entity.User; public interface UserDao extends BaseDao<User>{ }
UserDaoimpl.java
package dao.impl; import java.util.List; import org.hibernate.Query; import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.HibernateDaoSupport; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import dao.UserDao; import entity.User; @Repository public class UserDaoimpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao { public List<User> findAll() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String sql="select * from user"; Query query=getSessionFactory().openSession().createSQLQuery(sql).addEntity(User.class); List<User> list=query.list(); return list ; } public int insert(User t) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return 0; } public int update(User t, int id) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return 0; } public int delete(int id) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return 0; } public User findById(int id) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } }
UserService.java
package service; import common.BaseDao; import entity.User; public interface UserService extends BaseDao<User>{ }
UserServiceimpl.java
package service.impl; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; import dao.UserDao; import entity.User; import service.UserService; @Transactional @Service public class UserServiceimpl implements UserService{ @Autowired private UserDao userdao; public List<User> findAll() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return userdao.findAll(); } public int insert(User t) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return 0; } public int update(User t, int id) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return 0; } public int delete(int id) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return 0; } public User findById(int id) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } }
User.java
package entity; // Generated 2018-3-29 10:41:32 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 /** * User generated by hbm2java */ public class User implements java.io.Serializable { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private Integer userid; private String userName; private String pwd; public User() { } public User(String userName, String pwd) { this.userName = userName; this.pwd = pwd; } public Integer getUserid() { return this.userid; } public void setUserid(Integer userid) { this.userid = userid; } public String getUserName() { return this.userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public String getPwd() { return this.pwd; } public void setPwd(String pwd) { this.pwd = pwd; } }
User.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <!-- Generated 2018-3-29 10:41:32 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 --> <hibernate-mapping> <class name="entity.User" table="user" catalog="young"> <id name="userid" type="java.lang.Integer"> <column name="userid" /> <generator class="identity" /> </id> <property name="userName" type="string"> <column name="userName" length="10" /> </property> <property name="pwd" type="string"> <column name="pwd" length="10" /> </property> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
jsp代码
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt" prefix="c"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <c:set var="ctx" value="${pageContext.request.contextPath}"></c:set> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <form action="${ctx}/user/UserAction!toLogin.action" method="post"> 用户名:<input type="text" name="username" id="username" value=""/> 密码:<input type="password" name="user.password" id="password" value=""/> <input type="submit" value="登录"> </form> </body> </html>
最后部署项目下tomcat中，运行console输出如下：
总结：在这过程中遇到了不少问题。一般都是包的问题和版本问题。
1.在搭建框架运行不报错后，准备去请求数据时，却一直找不到动作类。在跳转时jsp页面一直报如下错。
解决办法：参考博客：https://blog.csdn.net/axwolfer/article/details/40164151
在struts.xml中添加如下代码：
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true"/>
2.Hibernate版本问题，Hibernate升级后有了不少变化，具体网上看。之前一直用Hibernate3，在搭建开始时我用的是Hibernate5，后来改成了Hibernate4。
使用5时请求数据库时报如下错：
Could not open Hibernate Session for transaction; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/hibernate/engine/transaction/spi/TransactionContext。
解决办法：将Hibernate中的依赖改成Hibernate4版本的即可。
