[oracle]linux oracle rac 搭建全过程
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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p Step y by p step l Install e Oracle 11gR2(11.2.0.3.0)
RAC e +Active d Dataguard n on Oracle
e Enterprise Linux(OEL 5 5.5 X86_64)
1 1 1 概述和说明
1 1.1 概述
本文档用于详细记录在 OEL 5.5 X86_64 位系统上 安装配置 e Oracle 11gR2(11.2.0.3.0)
RAC 的步骤、 RAC 数据库的基本维护、为 RAC 创建单实例 e Active l Physical Dataguard、
验证 e Active Dataguard 的功能、 RAC 主库同单实例物理备库的角色转换等内容。
安装平台选择 VMware 公司的VMware ESXi Version 4.0 的虚拟主机，通过在该虚拟机
上配置两台 OEL 5.5 X86_64 位 Linux 系统的机器，然后在这两台 Linux 机器上配置 Oracle
11gR2 RAC 系统。其中，操作系统选择Oracle 公司的 OEL 5.5 X86_64 位 Linux 系统，数据
库软件采用目前 Oracle 11gR2 最新版本的11.2.0.3.0。
本文档中假定你已经安装配置好 VMware ESXi Version 4.0 的虚拟主机，如果没有该环
境的话，也可以通过自行安装 VMware Server 来完成 11gR2 RAC 的安装配置。
2 1.2 软件获取
操作系统： Oracle Enterprise Linux 5
Oracle 软件：Oracle 11g Release 2 (11.2) Software(64 bit)
虚拟机软件：VMware Server
其中，Oracle 软件可以通过上述连接直接获取版本为 11.2.0.1.0 的安装介质，或者通过
MetaLink 官方网站获取最新版本的 11.2.0.3.0 安装介质，其中 patch 编号为10404530。
2 2 2 安装前准备工作
1 2.1 配置虚拟机，安装 OEL 5 5.5 4 X86_64 位 位 x Linux 操作系统
这里，我们需要在 VMware ESXiVersion 4.0 的虚拟主机上创建两台虚拟机，其中每台
机器至少需要配置双网卡，一块网卡作为 Public，另一块作为 Private，建议 IP 地址均选择
手动配置，而不是 DHCP 动态分配，且要求指定的 IP 在网络里是唯一的。主机名也分别要
求指定为唯一，避免冲突。主机名、IP 地址在前期规划要慎重，一经指定，最好不要轻易
改变，避免一些不必要的麻烦。这里列出两台机器前期规划的主机名、IP 地址信息：
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H H H H ostname
Short
Hostname
T T T T ype IP Address Interface
node1.localdomain node1 Public IP 172.16.0.191 eth0
node1-vip.localdomain node1-vip Virtual IP 172.16.0.193 eth0:1
node1-priv.localdomain node1-priv Private IP 192.168.94.11 eth1
node2.localdomain node2 Public IP 172.16.0.192 eth0
node2-priv.localdomain node2-vip Virtual IP 172.16.0.194 eth0:1
node2-priv.localdomain node2-priv Private IP 192.168.94.12 eth1
scan-cluster.localdomain scan-cluster SCAN IP 172.16.0.203 eth0
(Figure 2.1 网络配置信息表)
其中，每台机器至少需要配置 3 个 IP 地址，在安装操作系统的过程中，我们需要配置
公网 IP 和私有 IP 即可，虚拟 IP 在安装集群件时分配。Public IP、Virtual IP、SCANIP 必
须配置在同一网段。SCAN IP 是 Oracle 11g 新推出的，在配置 11g RAC 时需要指定。我们
的 SCAN IP 通过配置 DNS 服务器来实现，在下文中将给出配置步骤。
1 2.1.1 登录 e VMware i ESXi n Version 0 4.0 虚拟主机，创建新虚拟机
以 root 用户登录 172.16.0.181的虚拟主机：
进入虚拟主机管理界面：
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新建虚拟机：
选择 Custom，Next 进入下一步：
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给虚拟机命名为 11gnode1，Next：
选择 Datastore 位置，这里选择第 1 个名为 snap-0f000dba-SQL-Server 的存储设备，Next：
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虚拟机版本选择 version 7，Next：
操作系统类型选择 Linux，版本选择 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5(64-bit)，Next：
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CPU 核数选择 2，Next：
内存选择 2G，Next：
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网卡选择 2 块，一块作为 Public，另外一块作为 Private，Next：
SCSI 驱动器类型选择 LSI Logic Parallel，Next：
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选择创建新磁盘，Next：
磁盘大小选择 20G，Next：
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虚拟设备节点选择默认 SCSI(0:0)，Next：
选中在虚拟机创建之前编辑选项，Continue：
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编辑光驱设备，选择 ISO 文件，找到之前已经准备就绪的 OEL 5.5 X86_64 位的 ISO 文
件：
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选中光驱在启动时连接选项，最后，单击 Finish 完成。
至此，一台新的虚拟机配置完成。
2 2.1.2 启动 1 11gnode1 虚拟机，安装操作系统
给 11gnode1 虚拟机加电，进入图形界面安装系统：
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回车，进入安装：
Skip，跳过光驱检查：
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Next，开始安装 Oracle Enterprise Linux：
语言选择--->English，键盘选择-->U.S.English 美式键盘，硬盘分区选择最后一个选项
Createcustomlayout，Next：
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给硬盘分区，其中 SWAP 分区选择 3500M，剩余空间全部划给根分区/，Next：
网络配置，参照 2.1 节中 IP 配置信息，分别配置eth0,eht1 两块网卡的 IP、及子网掩码 、
网关、主机名，Next：
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时区选择，亚洲/上海，Next：
配置 root 用户口令，Next：
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选择定制软软包，Next：
其中：
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Desktop Environments:
GNOME Desktop Environment
Applications:
Editors
Development:
Development Libraries
Development Tools
GNOME Software Development
Legacy Software Development
X software Development
Base System :
Administration Tools
Base
Legacy Software Support
System Tools
X Window System
其它的软件包，可以忽略，暂时不装，一来加快操作系统的安装进度，二来其余的软件
包对于配置 Oracle 11gR2 RAC 不需要，如果在将来的安装过程中，系统提示缺失软件包的
时候，我们也可以手工从安装光盘中自行安装。Next：
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进入格式化文件系统，安装软件包，直到最后：
根据提示，选择 Reboot 系统：
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系统重启之后，Forward：
选择关闭 Firewall，Next：
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禁用 SELinux，Next：
直到最后一步，按照提示，再次重新启动系统，使刚才的配置生效：
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重启之后，进入图形界面的登录框：
到此，node1 节点机器创建成功。
接下来，完全参照上述创建虚拟机步骤，创建第 2 个节点，虚拟机命名为 11gnode2，
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在配置网络步骤中，需要注意，将其 eth0 配置为 172.16.0.192，eth1配置为 192.168.94.12 ，
主机名为 node2.localdomain。
最后，两个节点的机器配置完成！
. 2.2 2 2 配置
vi /etc/hosts 文件
参照 Figure 2.1 网络配置信息表，修改节点1 的/etc/hosts 配置文件。
[root@node1~]#cp/etc/hosts/etc/hosts.bak
[root@node1~]#cat/etc/hosts
#Donotremovethefollowingline,orvariousprograms
#thatrequirenetworkfunctionalitywillfail.
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 localhost6.localdomain6localhost6
#node1
172.16.0.191 node1.localdomain node1
172.16.0.193 node1-vip.localdomain node1-vip
192.168.94.11 node1-priv.localdomain node1-priv
#node2
172.16.0.192 node2.localdomain node2
172.16.0.194 node2-vip.localdomain node2-vip
192.168.94.12 node2-priv.localdomain node2-priv
#scan-ip
172.16.0.203 scan-cluster.localdomain scan-cluster
[root@node1~]#
3 2.3 配置 S DNS 服务器，确认 SCAN IP 可以被解析
从 Oracle 11gR2 开始，引入 SCAN(Single Client Access Name) IP 的概念，相当于在客户
端和数据库之间增加一层虚拟的网络服务层，即是 SCAN IP 和 SCAP IP Listener。在客户端
的 tnsnames.ora 配置文件中，只需要配置SCAN IP 的配置信息即可，客户端通过 SCAN IP 、
SCAN IP Listener 来访问数据库。同之前各版本的 RAC 相比，使用 SCAN IP 的好处就是，
当后台 RAC 数据库添加、删除节点时，客户端配置信息无需修改。可以通过配置 DNS服
务器或 GNS 来配置 SCAN，我们这里以 DNS 为例来进行配置。
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1 2.3.1 配置 DNS 服务器
这里，选择 IP 地址为 172.16.0.176的服务器来配置 DNS 服务器。
①安装 DNS 软件包：
[root@rdddns_rpm]#ifconfigeth0
eth0 Linkencap:Ethernet HWaddr00:0C:29:99:DA:22
inetaddr:172.16.0.176 Bcast:172.16.15.255
Mask:255.255.240.0
inet6addr:fe80::20c:29ff:fe99:da22/64Scope:Link
UPBROADCASTRUNNINGMULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RXpackets:10237921errors:0dropped:0overruns:0frame:0
TXpackets:1394986errors:0dropped:0overruns:0carrier:0
collisions:0txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:3375785216 (3.1 GiB) TX bytes:596171214(568.5 MiB)
[root@rdddns_rpm]#pwd
/root/dns_rpm
[root@rdddns_rpm]#ll
total1112
-rw-r--r--1rootroot1015531Apr2314:53
bind-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--1rootroot 45360Apr2314:53
bind-chroot-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--1rootroot 62251Apr2314:53
caching-nameserver-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2.x86_64.rpm
[root@rdddns_rpm]#rpm-ivhbind-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2.x86_64.rpm
warning:bind-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2.x86_64.rpm:HeaderV3DSAsignature:
NOKEY,keyID1e5e0159
Preparing...
###########################################[100%]
1:bind
###########################################[100%]
[root@rdd dns_rpm]# rpm -ivh bind-chroot-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2.x86_64.rpm
warning:bind-chroot-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2.x86_64.rpm:HeaderV3DSA
signature:NOKEY,keyID1e5e0159
Preparing...
###########################################[100%]
1:bind-chroot
###########################################[100%]
[root@rdddns_rpm]#rpm-ivh
caching-nameserver-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2.x86_64.rpm
warning:caching-nameserver-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2.x86_64.rpm:HeaderV3
DSAsignature:NOKEY,keyID1e5e0159
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Preparing...
###########################################[100%]
1:caching-nameserver
###########################################[100%]
[root@rdddns_rpm]#
② 配置/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf 文件
先拷贝生成该文件：
[root@rdddns_rpm]#cd/var/named/chroot/etc/
[root@rddetc]#ll
total16
-rw-r--r--1rootroot 405Apr1807:50localtime
-rw-r----- 1 root named 1230 Jan 21 2010 named.caching-nameserver.conf
-rw-r-----1rootnamed 955Jan21 2010named.rfc1912.zones
-rw-r-----1rootnamed 113Apr2314:55rndc.key
[root@rddetc]#cp-pnamed.caching-nameserver.confnamed.conf
[root@rddetc]#
修改后的该文件内容如下：
[root@rddetc]#pwd
/var/named/chroot/etc
[root@rddetc]#catnamed.conf
//
//named.caching-nameserver.conf
//
//ProvidedbyRedHatcaching-nameserverpackagetoconfigurethe
//ISCBINDnamed(8)DNSserverasacachingonlynameserver
//(asalocalhostDNSresolveronly).
//
//See/usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/forexamplenamedconfiguration
files.
//
//DONOTEDITTHISFILE-usesystem-config-bindoraneditor
//tocreatenamed.conf-editstothisfilewillbeloston
//caching-nameserverpackageupgrade.
//
options{
listen-onport53{ any; ; };
listen-on-v6port53{::1;};
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file"/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file"/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
// Those options should be used carefully because they disable
port
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//randomization
//query-source port53;
//query-source-v6port53;
allow-query { ; any; };
allow-query-cache{ ; any; };
};
logging{
channeldefault_debug{
file"data/named.run";
severitydynamic;
};
};
viewlocalhost_resolver{
match-clients { ; any; };
match-destinations{ ; any; };
recursionyes;
include"/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
};
[root@rddetc]#
说明：为简单起见，将该文件中的 127.0.0.1、localhost 全部修改成any，且修改时，需
要注意左右两边留空格。修改部分在上述配置文件中以红色加粗标示。
通过拷贝来生成/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf 文件时，注意加上-p 选项，来保证文
件的权限问题，否则会导致 DNS 服务启不来！
③ 配置 Zone 文件，修改/var/named/chroot/etc/named.rfc1912.zones 文件
配置 Zone 的目的是为了解析 SCANIP，在该文件末尾添加以下反向 Zone：
zone"0.16.172.in-addr.arpa."IN{
typemaster;
file"0.16.172.in-addr.arpa";
allow-update{none;};
};
配置反向 Zone 之后的该文件内容如下：
[root@rddetc]#pwd
/var/named/chroot/etc
[root@rddetc]#ll
total20
-rw-r--r--1rootroot 405Apr1807:50localtime
-rw-r----- 1 root named 1230 Jan 21 2010 named.caching-nameserver.conf
-rw-r-----1rootroot 1200Apr2315:03named.conf
-rw-r-----1rootnamed1085Apr2315:19named.rfc1912.zones
-rw-r-----1rootnamed 113Apr2314:55rndc.key
[root@rddetc]#catnamed.rfc1912.zones
//named.rfc1912.zones:
//
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//ProvidedbyRedHatcaching-nameserverpackage
//
//ISCBINDnamedzoneconfigurationforzonesrecommendedby
//RFC1912section4.1:localhostTLDsandaddresszones
//
//See/usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/forexamplenamedconfiguration
files.
//
zone"."IN{
typehint;
file"named.ca";
};
zone"localdomain"IN{
typemaster;
file"localdomain.zone";
allow-update{none;};
};
zone"localhost"IN{
typemaster;
file"localhost.zone";
allow-update{none;};
};
zone"0.0.127.in-addr.arpa"IN{
typemaster;
file"named.local";
allow-update{none;};
};
zone
"0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.ar
pa"IN{
typemaster;
file"named.ip6.local";
allow-update{none;};
};
zone"255.in-addr.arpa"IN{
typemaster;
file"named.broadcast";
allow-update{none;};
};
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zone"0.in-addr.arpa"IN{
typemaster;
file"named.zero";
allow-update{none;};
};
e zone " "0.16.172.in-addr.arpa." N IN { {
e type master;
e file "0.16.172.in-addr.arpa";
e allow-update { { ; none; };
};
[root@rddetc]#
说明 ：正常情况下还应该配置正向 Zone 文件。这里，我们的 RAC 双节点 node1、node2
的 域 名 domain都 设 置 为 localdomain ， 而 默 认 情 况 下 ， 该 配 置 文 件
(/var/named/chroot/etc/named.rfc1912.zones)的第 15 行到第 20 行中已经自带下述正向 Zone 文
件配置信息，所以无需再添加。
zone"localdomain"IN{
typemaster;
file"localdomain.zone";
allow-update{none;};
};
④ 配置正、反向解析数据库文件。在/var/named/chroot/var/named路径下进行配置
首先，生成正、反向解析数据库文件。利用/var/named/chroot/var/named/localhost.zone
复制生成正向解析的数据库文件，利用/var/named/chroot/var/named/localhost.zone 复制生成
名为 0.16.172.in-addr.arpa 的反向解析的数据库文件。
[root@rddetc]#pwd
/var/named/chroot/etc
[root@rddetc]#cd/var/named/chroot/var/named/
[root@rddnamed]#ll
total36
drwxrwx---2namednamed4096Aug26 2004data
-rw-r-----1root named 198Jan21 2010localdomain.zone
-rw-r-----1root named 195Jan21 2010localhost.zone
-rw-r-----1root named 427Jan21 2010named.broadcast
-rw-r-----1root named1892Jan21 2010named.ca
-rw-r-----1root named 424Jan21 2010named.ip6.local
-rw-r-----1root named 426Jan21 2010named.local
-rw-r-----1root named 427Jan21 2010named.zero
drwxrwx---2namednamed4096Jul27 2004slaves
[root@rddnamed]#cp-pnamed.local0.16.172.in-addr.arpa
[root@rddnamed]#ll
total40
-rw-r-----1root named 426Apr2316:100.16.172.in-addr.arpa
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drwxrwx---2namednamed4096Aug26 2004data
-rw-r-----1root named 198Jan21 2010localdomain.zone
-rw-r-----1root named 195Jan21 2010localhost.zone
-rw-r-----1root named 427Jan21 2010named.broadcast
-rw-r-----1root named1892Jan21 2010named.ca
-rw-r-----1root named 424Jan21 2010named.ip6.local
-rw-r-----1root named 426Jan21 2010named.local
-rw-r-----1root named 427Jan21 2010named.zero
drwxrwx---2namednamed4096Jul27 2004slaves
[root@rddnamed]#
说明： ：在上述步骤③中我们没有配置正向 Zone 文件，故只需生成反向解析数据库文件 ，
正向解析数据库文件利用默认的 localdomain.zone 文件。
生成的正、反向解析数据库文件名一定要同上述步骤③中定义的正、反向 Zone 文件一
致，否则 DNS 出错！
然后，定义正、反向解析数据库文件。
在正向解析数据库文件 localdomain.zone 末尾添加下述内容：
scan-cluster INA 172.16.0.203
添加后内容如下：
[root@rddnamed]#pwd
/var/named/chroot/var/named
[root@rddnamed]#catlocaldomain.zone
$TTL 86400
@ INSOA localhostroot(
42 ;serial(d.
adams)
3H ;refresh
15M ;retry
1W ;expiry
1D) ;minimum
INNS localhost
localhost INA 127.0.0.1
scan-cluster INA 172.16.0.203
[root@rddnamed]#
在反向解析数据库文件 0.16.172.in-addr.arpa 末尾添加下述内容：
203 INPTR scan-cluster.localdomain.
添加后内容如下：
[root@rddnamed]#pwd
/var/named/chroot/var/named
[root@rddnamed]#cat0.16.172.in-addr.arpa
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA localhost.root.localhost. (
1997022700;Serial
28800 ;Refresh
14400 ;Retry
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3600000 ;Expire
86400) ;Minimum
IN NS localhost.
1 IN PTR localhost.
203 INPTR scan-cluster.localdomain.
[root@rddnamed]#
2 2.3.2 测试 DNS 服务器解析 SCAN IP 正常
首先，在 DNS 服务器 172.16.0.176 上启动 DNS 服务：
[root@rddnamed]#/etc/init.d/namedstatus
rndc:connectfailed:127.0.0.1#953:connectionrefused
namedisstopped
[root@rddnamed]#/etc/init.d/namedstart
Startingnamed:[ OK ]
[root@rddnamed]#/etc/init.d/namedstatus
numberofzones:7
debuglevel:0
xfersrunning:0
xfersdeferred:0
soaqueriesinprogress:0
queryloggingisOFF
recursiveclients:0/1000
tcpclients:0/100
serverisupandrunning
named(pid 23307)isrunning...
[root@rddnamed]#chkconfignamedon
[root@rddnamed]#
然后，分别在 RAC 节点 node1、node2 的/etc/resolv.conf 配置文件中添加下述配置信息：
searchlocaldomain
nameserver172.16.0.176
添加之后：
[root@node1~]#cat/etc/resolv.conf
searchlocaldomain
nameserver172.16.0.176
[root@node1~]#
最后，测试 SCAN IP 解析是否成功？
node1 测试：
[root@node1~]#nslookup172.16.0.203
Server: 172.16.0.176
Address: 172.16.0.176#53
203.0.16.172.in-addr.arpa name=scan-cluster.localdomain.
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[root@node1~]#nslookupscan-cluster.localdomain
Server: 172.16.0.176
Address: 172.16.0.176#53
Name: scan-cluster.localdomain
Address:172.16.0.203
[root@node1~]#nslookupscan-cluster
Server: 172.16.0.176
Address: 172.16.0.176#53
Name: scan-cluster.localdomain
Address:172.16.0.203
[root@node1~]#
node2 测试：
[root@node2~]#nslookup172.16.0.203
Server: 172.16.0.176
Address: 172.16.0.176#53
203.0.16.172.in-addr.arpa name=scan-cluster.localdomain.
[root@node2~]#nslookupscan-cluster.localdomain
Server: 172.16.0.176
Address: 172.16.0.176#53
Name: scan-cluster.localdomain
Address:172.16.0.203
[root@node2~]#nslookupscan-cluster
Server: 172.16.0.176
Address: 172.16.0.176#53
Name: scan-cluster.localdomain
Address:172.16.0.203
[root@node2~]#
至此，准备工作中的配置 SCAN IP 通过配置 DNS 服务器来解析已经成功！
4 2.4 建用户、改口令、修改用户配置文件
配置 11gR2RAC 需要安装 Oracle Grid Infrastructure 软件、Oracle 数据库软件，其中 Grid
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软件等同于 Oracle 10g 的 Clusterware 集群件。Oracle 建议以不同的用户分别安装 Grid
Infrastructure 软件、Oracle 数据库软件，我们这里以 grid 用户安装 Grid Infrastructure，oracle
用户安装 Oracle 数据库软件。并且 grid、oracle 用户需要属于不同的用户组。在配置 RAC
时，还要求这两个用户在 RAC 的不同节点上 uid、gid 要一致。用户、组的对应信息见下表：
p Group Name p Group ID p Group Info e Oracle User(1100) d Grid User(1101)
oinstall 1000 InventoryGroup Y Y
dba 1300 OSDBAGroup Y
oper 1301 OSOPER Group Y
asmadmin 1200 OSASM Y
asmdba 1201 OSDBAforASM Y Y
asmoper 1202 OSOPER forASM Y
(Figure 2.4 用户、组配置信息表)
我们可以通过执行下述 shell 脚本的 1preusers.sh 来完成用户、组的创建， 脚本的具
体内容可见本文档附录。
[root@node1shell]#pwd
/root/shell
[root@node1shell]#ll
total24
-rwxr--r--1rootroot3544Apr2409:401preusers.sh
-rwxr--r--1rootroot 678Apr2409:402predir.sh
-rwxr--r--1rootroot 858Apr2409:403prelimits.sh
-rwxr--r--1rootroot 465Apr2409:404prelogin.sh
-rwxr--r--1rootroot 651Apr2409:405preprofile.sh
-rwxr--r--1rootroot1132Apr2409:406presysctl.sh
[root@node1shell]# ./1preusers.sh
Nowcreate6groupsnamed
'oinstall','dba','asmadmin','asmdba','asmoper','oper'
Plus2usersnamed'oracle','grid',AlsosettingtheEnvironment
Changingpasswordforusergrid.
passwd:allauthenticationtokensupdatedsuccessfully.
Changingpasswordforuseroracle.
passwd:allauthenticationtokensupdatedsuccessfully.
TheGroupsandusershasbeencreated
TheEnvironmentforgrid,oraclealsohasbeensetsuccessfully
[root@node1shell]# d id grid
uid=1100(grid)gid=1000(oinstall)
groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper)
[root@node1shell]# d id oracle
uid=1101(oracle)gid=1000(oinstall)
groups=1000(oinstall),1201(asmdba),1300(dba),1301(oper)
[root@node1shell]#
说明 ：在节点 node2 上执行该脚本时，需要将 grid 用户环境变量 ORACLE_SID 修改为
+ASM2，oracle 用户环境变量 ORACLE_SID 修改为 devdb2,ORACLE_HOSTNAME 环境变
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量修改为 node2.localdomain
5 2.5 建路径、改权限
关于 grid、oracle 用户的环境变量配置信息，见下述表格。
t Environment Variable d Grid User e Oracle User
ORACLE_BASE /u01/app/grid /u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME /u01/app/11.2.0/grid /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_SID [node1] +ASM1 devdb1
ORACLE_SID [node2] +ASM2 devdb2
(Figure 2.5 环境变量配置信息表)
通过执行上述 2.4 节中脚本 2predir.sh 来完成相关路径、权限的配置。脚本的具体内
容可见本文档附录。
[root@node1shell]#pwd
/root/shell
[root@node1shell]#./2predir.sh
Now create the necessary directory for oracle,grid users and change the
authentiontooracle,gridusers...
The necessary directory for oracle,gridusers and change the authention
tooracle,gridusershasbeenfinished
[root@node1shell]#cd/u01/app/
[root@node1app]#ll
total12
drwxrwxr-x3grid oinstall4096Apr2410:0611.2.0
drwxrwxr-x2grid oinstall4096Apr2410:06grid
drwxrwxr-x2oracleoinstall4096Apr2410:06oracle
[root@node1app]#
6 2.6 修改 /etc/security/limits.conf ，配置 oracle 、 d grid 用户 的
l shell 限制
通过执行上述 2.4 节中脚本 3prelimits.sh 完成。脚本的具体内容可见本文档附录。
[root@node1shell]#pwd
/root/shell
[root@node1shell]#./3prelimits.sh
Nowmodifythe/etc/security/limits.conf,butbackupitnamed
/etc/security/limits.conf.bakbefore
Modifingthe/etc/security/limits.confhasbeensucceed.
[root@node1shell]#
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7 2.7 修改 n /etc/pam.d/login 配置文件
通过执行上述 2.4 节中脚本 4prelogin.sh 完成。脚本的具体内容可见本文档附录。
[root@node1shell]#pwd
/root/shell
[root@node1shell]#./4prelogin.sh
Nowmodifythe/etc/pam.d/login,butwithabackupnamed
/etc/pam.d/login.bak
Modifingthe/etc/pam.d/loginhasbeensucceed.
[root@node1shell]#
8 2.8 修改 e /etc/profile 文件
通过执行上述 2.4 节中脚本 5preprofile.sh 完成。脚本的具体内容可见本文档附录。
[root@node1shell]#pwd
/root/shell
[root@node1shell]#./5preprofile.sh
Now modify the /etc/profile,but with a backup named /etc/profile.bak
Modifingthe/etc/profilehasbeensucceed.
[root@node1shell]#
9 2.9 修改内核配置文件
通过执行上述 2.4 节中脚本 6presysctl.sh 完成。脚本的具体内容可见本文档附录。
[root@node1shell]#pwd
/root/shell
[root@node1shell]#./6presysctl.sh
Now modify the /etc/sysctl.conf,but with a backup named /etc/sysctl.bak
Modifingthe/etc/sysctl.confhasbeensucceed.
Nowmakethechangestakeeffect.....
net.ipv4.ip_forward=0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route=0
kernel.sysrq=0
kernel.core_uses_pid=1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1
kernel.msgmnb=65536
kernel.msgmax=65536
kernel.shmmax=68719476736
kernel.shmall=4294967296
fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
fs.file-max=6815744
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kernel.shmall=2097152
kernel.shmmax=536870912
kernel.shmmni=4096
kernel.sem=25032000100128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=900065500
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048586
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem=262144262144262144
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem=419430441943044194304
[root@node1shell]#
0 2.10 停止 p ntp 服务， 2 11gR2 新增的检查项
[root@node1~]#servicentpdstatus
ntpdisstopped
[root@node1~]#chkconfigntpdoff
[root@node1~]#cat/etc/ntp
ntp/ ntp.conf
[root@node1~]#cp/etc/ntp.conf/etc/ntp.conf.bak
[root@node1~]#rm-rf/etc/ntp.conf
[root@node1~]#
1 2.11 节点 2 2 2 2 准备工作
我们已经在 node1 完成基本准备配置工作，在 node2上重复上述 2.2 到2.10节中准备工
作，以完成节点 2的准备工作。
说明：2.3 节配置 SCAN IP 已在节点 2 上完成，可忽略。2.4 节中需要修改对应的环境
变量。
2 2.12 配置 oracle ， d grid 用户 SSH 对等性
虽然在安装软件的过程中，oracle 会自动配置 SSH 对等性，建议在安装软件之前手工配
置。
配置 oracle 用户对等性：
node1:
[root@node1~]#su-oracle
node1->env|grepORA
ORACLE_UNQNAME=devdb
ORACLE_SID=devdb1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
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ORACLE_HOSTNAME=node1.localdomain
ORACLE_TERM=xterm
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
node1->pwd
/home/oracle
node1->mkdir~/.ssh
node1->chmod700~/.ssh
node1->ls-al
total44
drwx------4oracleoinstall4096Apr2410:47.
drwxr-xr-x4root root 4096Apr2409:41..
-rw-------1oracleoinstall 5Apr2410:43.bash_history
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 33Apr2409:41.bash_logout
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 823Apr2409:41.bash_profile
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 124Apr2409:41.bashrc
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 515Apr2409:41.emacs
drwxr-xr-x4oracleoinstall4096Apr2409:41.mozilla
drwx------2oracleoinstall4096Apr2410:47.ssh
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 658Apr2409:41.zshrc
node1->ssh-keygen-trsa
Generatingpublic/privatersakeypair.
Enterfileinwhichtosavethekey(/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enterpassphrase(emptyfornopassphrase):
Entersamepassphraseagain:
Youridentificationhasbeensavedin/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Yourpublickeyhasbeensavedin/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
Thekeyfingerprintis:
4a:bd:22:4c:cc:6a:33:ae:5a:de:7d:7c:8b:77:9e:81
oracle@node1.localdomain
node1->ssh-keygen-tdsa
Generatingpublic/privatedsakeypair.
Enterfileinwhichtosavethekey(/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa):
Enterpassphrase(emptyfornopassphrase):
Entersamepassphraseagain:
Youridentificationhasbeensavedin/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.
Yourpublickeyhasbeensavedin/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.
Thekeyfingerprintis:
8b:50:73:41:03:ad:1c:59:25:aa:40:1c:c9:5e:03:99
oracle@node1.localdomain
node1->
node2:
[root@node2~]#su-oracle
node2->env|grepORA
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ORACLE_UNQNAME=devdb
ORACLE_SID=devdb2
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=node2.localdomain
ORACLE_TERM=xterm
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
node2->pwd
/home/oracle
node2->ls-al
total40
drwx------3oracleoinstall4096Apr2410:45.
drwxr-xr-x4root root 4096Apr2410:44..
-rw-------1oracleoinstall 10Apr2410:49.bash_history
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 33Apr2410:44.bash_logout
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 823Apr2410:44.bash_profile
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 124Apr2410:44.bashrc
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 515Apr2410:44.emacs
drwxr-xr-x4oracleoinstall4096Apr2410:44.mozilla
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 658Apr2410:44.zshrc
node2->mkdir~/.ssh
node2->chmod770~/.ssh/
node2->ls-al
total44
drwx------4oracleoinstall4096Apr2410:49.
drwxr-xr-x4root root 4096Apr2410:44..
-rw-------1oracleoinstall 10Apr2410:49.bash_history
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 33Apr2410:44.bash_logout
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 823Apr2410:44.bash_profile
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 124Apr2410:44.bashrc
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 515Apr2410:44.emacs
drwxr-xr-x4oracleoinstall4096Apr2410:44.mozilla
drwxrwx---2oracleoinstall4096Apr2410:49.ssh
-rw-r--r--1oracleoinstall 658Apr2410:44.zshrc
node2->ssh-keygen-trsa
Generatingpublic/privatersakeypair.
Enterfileinwhichtosavethekey(/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enterpassphrase(emptyfornopassphrase):
Entersamepassphraseagain:
Youridentificationhasbeensavedin/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Yourpublickeyhasbeensavedin/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
Thekeyfingerprintis:
a0:64:81:a6:12:b2:18:4e:01:c3:bd:9d:f6:bb:55:b0
oracle@node2.localdomain
node2->ssh-keygen-tdsa
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Generatingpublic/privatedsakeypair.
Enterfileinwhichtosavethekey(/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa):
Enterpassphrase(emptyfornopassphrase):
Entersamepassphraseagain:
Youridentificationhasbeensavedin/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.
Yourpublickeyhasbeensavedin/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.
Thekeyfingerprintis:
85:56:69:73:74:a3:ef:5b:88:d7:6d:ef:90:03:b6:72
oracle@node2.localdomain
node2->
返回节点 1：
node1->id
uid=1101(oracle)gid=1000(oinstall)
groups=1000(oinstall),1201(asmdba),1300(dba),1301(oper)
node1->pwd
/home/oracle
node1->cat~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub>>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
node1->cat~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub>>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
node1->sshnode2cat~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub>>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
Theauthenticityofhost'node2(172.16.0.192)'can'tbeestablished.
RSA key fingerprint is a7:6b:2c:2d:fb:c3:ff:33:af:92:cd:7b:99:3b:cf:3a.
Areyousureyouwanttocontinueconnecting(yes/no)?yes
Warning:Permanentlyadded'node2,172.16.0.192'(RSA)tothelistof
knownhosts.
oracle@node2'spassword:
node1->sshnode2cat~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub>>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
oracle@node2'spassword:
node1->scp~/.ssh/authorized_keysnode2:~/.ssh/authorized_keys
oracle@node2'spassword:
authorized_keys
100%2040 2.0KB/s 00:00
node1->
验证 oracle SSH 对等性：
在 node1，node2 两个节点上分别执行下述命令，第一次执行时需要口令验证：
node1->id
uid=1101(oracle)gid=1000(oinstall)
groups=1000(oinstall),1201(asmdba),1300(dba),1301(oper)
node1->sshnode1date
Theauthenticityofhost'node1(172.16.0.191)'can'tbeestablished.
RSA key fingerprint is 16:c2:67:cd:73:dd:b7:8b:f4:07:ef:e0:fb:36:34:3e.
Areyousureyouwanttocontinueconnecting(yes/no)?yes
Warning:Permanentlyadded'node1,172.16.0.191'(RSA)tothelistof
knownhosts.
TueApr2411:28:15CST2012
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node1->sshnode2date
TueApr2411:28:18CST2012
node1->sshnode1-privdate
Theauthenticityofhost'node1-priv(192.168.94.11)'can'tbe
established.
RSA key fingerprint is 16:c2:67:cd:73:dd:b7:8b:f4:07:ef:e0:fb:36:34:3e.
Areyousureyouwanttocontinueconnecting(yes/no)?yes
Warning: Permanently added 'node1-priv,192.168.94.11' (RSA) to the list
ofknownhosts.
TueApr2411:28:25CST2012
node1->sshnode2-privdate
Theauthenticityofhost'node2-priv(192.168.94.12)'can'tbe
established.
RSA key fingerprint is a7:6b:2c:2d:fb:c3:ff:33:af:92:cd:7b:99:3b:cf:3a.
Areyousureyouwanttocontinueconnecting(yes/no)?yes
Warning: Permanently added 'node2-priv,192.168.94.12' (RSA) to the list
ofknownhosts.
TueApr2411:28:30CST2012
node1->sshnode1.localdomaindate
Theauthenticityofhost'node1.localdomain(172.16.0.191)'can'tbe
established.
RSA key fingerprint is 16:c2:67:cd:73:dd:b7:8b:f4:07:ef:e0:fb:36:34:3e.
Areyousureyouwanttocontinueconnecting(yes/no)?yes
Warning: Permanently added 'node1.localdomain' (RSA) to the list of known
hosts.
TueApr2411:28:39CST2012
node1->sshnode2.localdomaindate
Theauthenticityofhost'node2.localdomain(172.16.0.192)'can'tbe
established.
RSA key fingerprint is a7:6b:2c:2d:fb:c3:ff:33:af:92:cd:7b:99:3b:cf:3a.
Areyousureyouwanttocontinueconnecting(yes/no)?yes
Warning: Permanently added 'node2.localdomain' (RSA) to the list of known
hosts.
TueApr2411:28:46CST2012
node1->sshnode2-priv.localdomaindate
The authenticity of host 'node2-priv.localdomain(192.168.94.12)' can't
beestablished.
RSA key fingerprint is a7:6b:2c:2d:fb:c3:ff:33:af:92:cd:7b:99:3b:cf:3a.
Areyousureyouwanttocontinueconnecting(yes/no)?yes
Warning: Permanently added 'node2-priv.localdomain' (RSA) to the list of
knownhosts.
TueApr2411:28:52CST2012
node1->sshnode1-priv.localdomaindate
The authenticity of host 'node1-priv.localdomain(192.168.94.11)' can't
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beestablished.
RSA key fingerprint is 16:c2:67:cd:73:dd:b7:8b:f4:07:ef:e0:fb:36:34:3e.
Areyousureyouwanttocontinueconnecting(yes/no)?yes
Warning: Permanently added 'node1-priv.localdomain' (RSA) to the list of
knownhosts.
TueApr2411:28:59CST2012
第二次执行时不再提示输入口令，并且可以成功执行命令，则表示 oracle 用户 SSH 对等性
配置成功
node1：
node1->sshnode1date
TueApr2411:29:02CST2012
node1->sshnode2date
TueApr2411:29:07CST2012
node1->sshnode1-privdate
TueApr2411:29:13CST2012
node1->sshnode2-privdate
TueApr2411:29:18CST2012
node1->sshnode2-priv.localdomaindate
TueApr2411:29:27CST2012
node1->sshnode1-priv.localdomaindate
TueApr2411:29:33CST2012
node1->
node2：
node2->id
uid=1101(oracle)gid=1000(oinstall)
groups=1000(oinstall),1201(asmdba),1300(dba),1301(oper)
node2->pwd
/home/oracle
node2->sshnode1date
TueApr2411:32:06CST2012
node2->sshnode2date
TueApr2411:32:09CST2012
node2->sshnode1-privdate
TueApr2411:32:14CST2012
node2->sshnode2-privdate
TueApr2411:32:17CST2012
node2->sshnode1.localdomaindate
TueApr2411:32:26CST2012
node2->sshnode2.localdomaindate
TueApr2411:32:29CST2012
node2->sshnode1-priv.localdomaindate
TueApr2411:32:39CST2012
node2->sshnode2-priv.localdomaindate
TueApr2411:32:43CST2012
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node2->
至此，Oracle 用户 SSH 对等性配置完成！重复上述步骤，以 grid 用户配置对等性。
3 2.13 配置共享磁盘
在任意节点上先创建共享磁盘，然后在另外的节点上选择添加已有磁盘。这里选择先在
node2 节点机器上创建共享磁盘，然后在 node1 上添加。共创建 4块硬盘，其中 2 块 500M
的硬盘，将来用于配置 GRIDDG 磁盘组，专门存放 OCR 和 Voting Disk；1块 3G 的磁盘，
用于配置DATA磁盘组，存放数据库；1 块 3G 的磁盘，用于配置 FLASH 磁盘组，用于闪
回区；
在 node2 上创建共享硬盘详细步骤：
① 先关闭节点 2 11gnode2，然后选择 11gnode2，右键选择编辑设置，Edit settings：
② 在编辑虚拟机对话框下，选择添加，Add,选择硬盘，Next：
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③ 选择创建新硬盘，Next：
④ 磁盘大小选择 500M，选中支持集群属性，指定磁盘的存放位置，Next：
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⑤ 驱动器设备选择 SCSI 1:0，模式选择独立，Next：
⑥ 弹出对话框中，Finish：
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⑦ 虚拟机属性中，选择刚才新添加的 SCSI controller1 驱动器，配置其为 Physical 模式 ，
用于支持共享，因为这块新添加的硬盘将来要被 node1、node2 两个节点访问：
⑧ 重复执行上述③--⑥步骤，添加第二块 500M 硬盘，将其驱动器设备选择 SCSI 1:1；
⑨ 如法炮制，添加另外两块 3G 硬盘，驱动器设备分别选择 SCSI 2:0，SCSI 2:1，同样
需要配置新添加的 SCSI controller 2 驱动器模式为 Physical 模式，用于支持共享。最后，添
加完 4 块共享硬盘的 node2 配置信息如下：
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在 node1 上添加已有共享硬盘详细步骤：
① 先关闭节点 1 11gnode1，然后选择 11gnode1，右键选择编辑设置，Edit settings，操
作界面同 node2 上创建共享硬盘步骤①：
② 在编辑虚拟机对话框下，选择添加，Add,选择硬盘，Next，操作界面同node2 上创
建共享硬盘步骤②：
③ 选择已有虚拟硬盘，Next：
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④ 选择指定的存储设备，注意要选择在 node2 节点中创建的第 1 块硬盘：
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⑤ 驱动器设备选择 SCSI 1:0，模式选择独立，Next，操作界面同 node2 上创建共享硬
盘步骤⑤：
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⑥ 同样选择新添加的 SCSI controller 1 驱动器，配置其为 Physical 模式，用于支持共享 ，
操作界面同 node2 上创建共享硬盘步骤 7：
⑦ 如法炮制，添加剩余的 3 块硬盘，注意，驱动器编号要依次选择 SCSI1:1、SCSI 2:0 、
SCSI 2:1。同时要将新添加的 SCSI controller 2 驱动器模式为 Physical 模式，用于支持共享 。
最后，添加完 4 块共享硬盘的 node1 配置信息如下：
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至此，完成在两个节点上对共享硬盘的添加配置。
2.14 4 4 4 配置 ASM 磁盘
在上一步 2.13 节中，我们已经对 RAC 双节点已经配置好了共享磁盘，接下来需要将这
些共享磁盘格式化、然后用 asmlib 将其配置为 ASM 磁盘，用于将来存放 OCR、VotingDisk
和数据库用。
注意：只需在其中 1 个节点上格式化就可以，接下来我们选择在 node1 节点上格式化。
这里我们以 asmlib 软件来创建 ASM 磁盘，而不使用 raw disk，而且从 11gR2 开始，OUI
的图形界面已经不再支持 raw disk。
1 2.14.1 格式化共享磁盘
① 以 root 用户分别在两个节点上执行fdisk 命令，查看现有硬盘分区信息：
node1：
[root@node1~]#fdisk-l
Disk/dev/sda:21.4GB,21474836480bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,2610cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
DeviceBoot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 2163 17374266 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2164 2609 3582495 82 Linuxswap/
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Solaris
Disk/dev/sdb:524MB,524288000bytes
64heads,32sectors/track,500cylinders
Units=cylindersof2048*512=1048576bytes
Disk/dev/sdbdoesn'tcontainavalidpartitiontable
Disk/dev/sdc:524MB,524288000bytes
64heads,32sectors/track,500cylinders
Units=cylindersof2048*512=1048576bytes
Disk/dev/sdcdoesn'tcontainavalidpartitiontable
Disk/dev/sdd:3221MB,3221225472bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,391cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
Disk/dev/sdddoesn'tcontainavalidpartitiontable
Disk/dev/sde:3221MB,3221225472bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,391cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
Disk/dev/sdedoesn'tcontainavalidpartitiontable
[root@node1~]#
node2：
[root@node2~]#fdisk-l
Disk/dev/sda:21.4GB,21474836480bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,2610cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
DeviceBoot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 2163 17374266 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2164 2609 3582495 82 Linuxswap/
Solaris
Disk/dev/sdb:524MB,524288000bytes
64heads,32sectors/track,500cylinders
Units=cylindersof2048*512=1048576bytes
Disk/dev/sdbdoesn'tcontainavalidpartitiontable
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Disk/dev/sdc:524MB,524288000bytes
64heads,32sectors/track,500cylinders
Units=cylindersof2048*512=1048576bytes
Disk/dev/sdcdoesn'tcontainavalidpartitiontable
Disk/dev/sdd:3221MB,3221225472bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,391cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
Disk/dev/sdddoesn'tcontainavalidpartitiontable
Disk/dev/sde:3221MB,3221225472bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,391cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
Disk/dev/sdedoesn'tcontainavalidpartitiontable
[root@node2~]#
从上，我们可以看到目前两个节点上的分区信息一致：其中/dev/sda 是用于存放操作系
统的，/dev/sdb、/dev/sdc、/dev/sdd、/dev/sde 这 4 块盘都没有分区信息，这是我们在上一步
2.13节中配置的 4块共享磁盘。
② root 用户在 node1 上格式化/dev/sdb、/dev/sdc、/dev/sdd、/dev/sde这 4块盘
[root@node1~]#fdisk/dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF
disklabel
BuildinganewDOSdisklabel.Changeswillremaininmemoryonly,
untilyoudecidetowritethem.Afterthat,ofcourse,theprevious
contentwon'tberecoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table4 will be corrected by
w(rite)
Command(mforhelp):n
Commandaction
e extended
p primarypartition(1-4)
p
Partitionnumber(1-4):1
Firstcylinder(1-500,default1):
Usingdefaultvalue1
Lastcylinderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK(1-500,default500):
Usingdefaultvalue 500
Command(mforhelp):w
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Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!
Callingioctl()tore-readpartitiontable.
Syncingdisks.
[root@node1~]#
说明：fdisk /dev/sdb 表示要对/dev/sdb 磁盘进行格式化，其中，输入的命令分别表示：
n 表示新建 1 个分区；
p 表示分区类型选择为primary partition 主分区；
1 表示分区编号从1 开始；
起始、终止柱面选择默认值，即 1 和 500；
w 表示将新建的分区信息写入硬盘分区表。
③ 重复上述步骤②，以 root 用户在 node1 上分别格式化其余 3 块磁盘：
④ 格式化完毕之后，在 node1，node2 节点上分别看到下述信息：
node1：
[root@node1~]#fdisk-l
Disk/dev/sda:21.4GB,21474836480bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,2610cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
DeviceBoot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 2163 17374266 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2164 2609 3582495 82 Linuxswap/
Solaris
Disk/dev/sdb:524MB,524288000bytes
64heads,32sectors/track,500cylinders
Units=cylindersof2048*512=1048576bytes
DeviceBoot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 500 511984 83 Linux
Disk/dev/sdc:524MB,524288000bytes
64heads,32sectors/track,500cylinders
Units=cylindersof2048*512=1048576bytes
DeviceBoot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 500 511984 83 Linux
Disk/dev/sdd:3221MB,3221225472bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,391cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
DeviceBoot Start End Blocks Id System
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/dev/sdd1 1 391 3140676 83 Linux
Disk/dev/sde:3221MB,3221225472bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,391cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
DeviceBoot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sde1 1 391 3140676 83 Linux
[root@node1~]#
node2：
[root@node2~]#fdisk-l
Disk/dev/sda:21.4GB,21474836480bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,2610cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
DeviceBoot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 2163 17374266 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2164 2609 3582495 82 Linuxswap/
Solaris
Disk/dev/sdb:524MB,524288000bytes
64heads,32sectors/track,500cylinders
Units=cylindersof2048*512=1048576bytes
DeviceBoot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 500 511984 83 Linux
Disk/dev/sdc:524MB,524288000bytes
64heads,32sectors/track,500cylinders
Units=cylindersof2048*512=1048576bytes
DeviceBoot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 500 511984 83 Linux
Disk/dev/sdd:3221MB,3221225472bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,391cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
DeviceBoot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 1 391 3140676 83 Linux
Disk/dev/sde:3221MB,3221225472bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,391cylinders
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Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
DeviceBoot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sde1 1 391 3140676 83 Linux
[root@node2~]#
至此，格式化共享磁盘完毕。
2 2.14.2 在两个节点上安装 ASM RPM 软件包
在安装 ASM 软件包时，要注意选择的软件包要与操作系统平台、内核版本选择一致 。
ASM 软件包可以到 Oracle 官网下载。
node1 安装：
[root@node1~]#rpm-qa|grepasm
用上述命令，并未发现节点 1 上安装任何 asm 软件包。
[root@node1~]#cdasm_rpm/
[root@node1asm_rpm]#ll
total136
-rw-r--r--1rootroot25977Apr2611:19
oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--1rootroot14176Apr2611:19
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--1rootroot89027Apr2611:19
oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
[root@node1 asm_rpm]# rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning:oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5.x86_64.rpm:HeaderV3DSA
signature:NOKEY,keyID1e5e0159
Preparing...
###########################################[100%]
1:oracleasm-support
###########################################[100%]
[root@node1asm_rpm]#rpm-ivh
oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning: oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA
signature:NOKEY,keyID1e5e0159
Preparing...
###########################################[100%]
1:oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el###########################################
[100%]
[root@node1asm_rpm]#rpm-ivhoracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning: oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature:
NOKEY,keyID1e5e0159
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Preparing...
###########################################[100%]
1:oracleasmlib
###########################################[100%]
[root@node1asm_rpm]#rpm-qa|grepasm
oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5
oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5
[root@node1asm_rpm]#
node2 安装：
[root@node2asm_rpm]#ll
total136
-rw-r--r--1rootroot25977Apr2611:20
oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--1rootroot14176Apr2611:20
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--1rootroot89027Apr2611:20
oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
[root@node2asm_rpm]#rpm-qa|grepasm
[root@node2 asm_rpm]# rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning:oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5.x86_64.rpm:HeaderV3DSA
signature:NOKEY,keyID1e5e0159
Preparing...
###########################################[100%]
1:oracleasm-support
###########################################[100%]
[root@node2asm_rpm]#rpm-ivh
oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning: oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA
signature:NOKEY,keyID1e5e0159
Preparing...
###########################################[100%]
1:oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el###########################################
[100%]
[root@node2asm_rpm]#rpm-ivhoracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning: oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature:
NOKEY,keyID1e5e0159
Preparing...
###########################################[100%]
1:oracleasmlib
###########################################[100%]
[root@node2asm_rpm]#rpm-qa|grepasm
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5
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oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5
oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5
[root@node2asm_rpm]#
说明：安装上述 3 个 ASM RPM 软件包时要先安装 oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5 软件包 ，
其次安装 oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5 软件包，最后安装 oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5 软件
包。
安装完毕后，执行 rpm -qa|grep asm 确认是否安装成功。
3 2.14.3 配置 ASM r driver 服务
在 node1 上以 root 用户进行配置。在安装完上述步骤 2.14.2 节中的 3 个 ASM RPM 软
件 包 之 后 ， 可 以 通 过 执 行 /usr/sbin/oracleasm 命 令 来 进 行 配 置 ， 也 可 以 通 过 执 行
/etc/init.d/oracleasm 命令来进行配置，后者命令是Oracle 10g 中进行 ASM 配置的命令，Oracle
推荐执行前者命令，不过后者命令保留使用。
① 查看 ASM 服务状态：
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmstatus
CheckingifASMisloaded:no
Checkingif/dev/oracleasmismounted:no
[root@node1~]#
看到，默认情况下 ASM 服务并未开启。具体命令和相关参数可以直接执行下述命令来
获取：
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasm-h
Usage:oracleasm[--exec-path=<exec_path>]<command>[<args>]
oracleasm--exec-path
oracleasm-h
oracleasm-V
Thebasicoracleasmcommandsare:
configure ConfiguretheOracleLinuxASMLibdriver
init LoadandinitializetheASMLibdriver
exit StoptheASMLibdriver
scandisks ScanthesystemforOracleASMLibdisks
status DisplaythestatusoftheOracleASMLibdriver
listdisks ListknownOracleASMLibdisks
querydisk DetermineifadiskbelongstoOracleASMlib
createdisk AllocateadeviceforOracleASMLibuse
deletedisk Returnadevicetotheoperatingsystem
renamedisk ChangethelabelofanOracleASMlibdisk
update-driver DownloadthelatestASMLibdriver
[root@node1~]#
② 配置 ASM 服务：
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmconfigure-i
ConfiguringtheOracleASMlibrarydriver.
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Thiswillconfiguretheon-bootpropertiesoftheOracleASMlibrary
driver. Thefollowingquestionswilldeterminewhetherthedriveris
loadedonbootandwhatpermissionsitwillhave. Thecurrentvalues
willbeshowninbrackets('[]'). Hitting<ENTER>withouttypingan
answerwillkeepthatcurrentvalue. Ctrl-Cwillabort.
Defaultusertoownthedriverinterface[]:grid
Defaultgrouptoownthedriverinterface[]:asmadmin
StartOracleASMlibrarydriveronboot(y/n)[n]:y
ScanforOracleASMdisksonboot(y/n)[y]:y
WritingOracleASMlibrarydriverconfiguration:done
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmstatus
CheckingifASMisloaded:no
Checkingif/dev/oracleasmismounted:no
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasminit
Loadingmodule"oracleasm":oracleasm
MountingASMlibdriverfilesystem:/dev/oracleasm
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmconfigure
ORACLEASM_ENABLED=true
ORACLEASM_UID=grid
ORACLEASM_GID=asmadmin
ORACLEASM_SCANBOOT=true
ORACLEASM_SCANORDER=""
ORACLEASM_SCANEXCLUDE=""
[root@node1~]#
说明：/usr/sbin/oracleasm configure -i 命令进行配置时，用户配置为 grid，组为 asmadmin ，
启动 ASM library driver 驱动服务，并且将其配置为随着操作系统的启动而自动启动。
配置完成后，记得执行 /usr/sbin/oracleasm init 命令来加载 oracleasm 内核模块。
③ 在 node2 上执行上述步骤②，完成 ASM 服务配置。
2.14.4 4 4 4 配置 ASM 磁盘
我们安装 ASM RPM 软件包，配置 ASM 驱动服务的最终目的是要创建 ASM 磁盘，为
将来安装 grid 软件、创建 Oracle 数据库提供存储。
说明：只需在一个节点上创建 ASM 磁盘即可！创建完之后，在其它节点上执行
/usr/sbin/oracleasm scandisks 之后，就可看到 ASM 磁盘。
接下来，开始创建 ASM 磁盘：
① 执行/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk 来创建 ASM 磁盘
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmlistdisks
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmcreatedisk-h
Usage:oracleasm-createdisk[-l<manager>][-v]<label><device>
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmcreatediskVOL1/dev/sdb1
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Writingdiskheader:done
Instantiatingdisk:done
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmcreatediskVOL2/dev/sdc1
Writingdiskheader:done
Instantiatingdisk:done
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmcreatediskVOL3/dev/sdd1
Writingdiskheader:done
Instantiatingdisk:done
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmcreatediskVOL4/dev/sde1
Writingdiskheader:done
Instantiatingdisk:done
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmlistdisks
VOL1
VOL2
VOL3
VOL4
[root@node1~]#
从上看到，创建出来 4块 ASM 磁盘。此时，node2 上还看不到刚创建的 ASM 磁盘。
② node2 执行/usr/sbin/oracleasm scandisks 扫描磁盘
[root@node2~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmlistdisks
[root@node2~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmscandisks
Reloadingdiskpartitions:done
CleaninganystaleASMdisks...
ScanningsystemforASMdisks...
Instantiatingdisk"VOL1"
Instantiatingdisk"VOL2"
Instantiatingdisk"VOL3"
Instantiatingdisk"VOL4"
[root@node2~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmlistdisks
VOL1
VOL2
VOL3
VOL4
[root@node2~]#
③ 如何确定 ASM 磁盘同物理磁盘之间的对应关系？
[root@node1~]#/usr/sbin/oracleasmquerydisk/dev/sd*
Device"/dev/sda"isnotmarkedasanASMdisk
Device"/dev/sda1"isnotmarkedasanASMdisk
Device"/dev/sda2"isnotmarkedasanASMdisk
Device"/dev/sdb"isnotmarkedasanASMdisk
Device"/dev/sdb1"ismarkedanASMdiskwiththelabel"VOL1"
Device"/dev/sdc"isnotmarkedasanASMdisk
Device"/dev/sdc1"ismarkedanASMdiskwiththelabel"VOL2"
Device"/dev/sdd"isnotmarkedasanASMdisk
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Device"/dev/sdd1"ismarkedanASMdiskwiththelabel"VOL3"
Device"/dev/sde"isnotmarkedasanASMdisk
Device"/dev/sde1"ismarkedanASMdiskwiththelabel"VOL4"
[root@node1~]#
至此，ASM 磁盘准备工作已经完成！
5 2.15 解压安装介质
在获取开篇 1.2 节中提到的安装介质如下：
[root@node1~]#ls-l
total3401724
-rw-------1rootroot 1376Apr2014:05anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot 4096Apr2611:19asm_rpm
-rw-r--r--1rootroot 51217Apr2014:05install.log
-rw-r--r--1rootroot 4077Apr2014:05install.log.syslog
-rw-r--r--1rootroot1358454646Apr2016:22
p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
-rw-r--r--1rootroot1142195302Apr2016:29
p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
-rw-r--r--1rootroot 979195792Apr2017:07
p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot 4096Apr2410:17shell
[root@node1~]#
其中：
p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip 和
p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
是 Oracle 软件的安装介质。
p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip 是 GRID 软件的安装介质。
注意：这里的 3 个软件包均是来源于 MetaLink 网站，其版本均是目前 Oracle 11g 的最
新版本，11.2.0.3.0。如果没有 MetaLink 账号的话，也可以从从 oracle 官方网站免费获取
11.2.0.1.0 的版本软件。
我们通过下述命令来解压上述 3个压缩软件包：
[root@node1~]#unzipp10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
[root@node1~]#unzipp10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
[root@node1~]#unzipp10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
解压之后，信息如下：
[root@node1~]#ls-l
total3401724
-rw-------1rootroot 1376Apr2014:05anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot 4096Apr2611:19asm_rpm
drwxr-xr-x8rootroot 4096Sep22 2011database
drwxr-xr-x8rootroot 4096Sep22 2011grid
-rw-r--r--1rootroot 51217Apr2014:05install.log
-rw-r--r--1rootroot 4077Apr2014:05install.log.syslog
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-rw-r--r--1rootroot1358454646Apr2016:22
p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
-rw-r--r--1rootroot1142195302Apr2016:29
p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
-rw-r--r--1rootroot 979195792Apr2017:07
p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot 4096Apr2410:17shell
[root@node1~]#du-shdatabase/
2.5G database/
[root@node1~]#du-shgrid/
1.1G grid/
[root@node1~]#
可以看到，数据库的安装文件 2.5G 大小，GRID 软件的安装 1.1GB。
为便于将来安装软件，分别将其 move 到 oracle 用户和 grid 用户的家目录：
[root@node1~]#mvdatabase//home/oracle/
[root@node1~]#mvgrid//home/grid/
[root@node1~]#
6 2.16 安装前预检查配置信息
在安装 GRID 之前，建议先利用 CVU(Cluster Verification Utility)检查 CRS 的安装前环
境。
① 使用CVU 检查CRS 的安装前环境：
[root@node1~]#su-grid
node1->pwd
/home/grid
node1->ls
Desktop grid
node1->cdgrid/
node1->ll
total72
drwxr-xr-x 9rootroot 4096Sep22 2011doc
drwxr-xr-x 4rootroot 4096Sep22 2011install
-rwxr-xr-x 1rootroot28122Sep22 2011readme.html
drwxr-xr-x 2rootroot 4096Sep22 2011response
drwxr-xr-x 2rootroot 4096Sep22 2011rpm
-rwxr-xr-x 1rootroot 4878Sep22 2011runcluvfy.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1rootroot 3227Sep22 2011runInstaller
drwxr-xr-x 2rootroot 4096Sep22 2011sshsetup
drwxr-xr-x14rootroot 4096Sep22 2011stage
-rwxr-xr-x 1rootroot 4326Sep 2 2011welcome.html
node1-> ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n node1,node2 -fixup -verbose
Performingpre-checksforclusterservicessetup
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Checkingnodereachability...
Check:Nodereachabilityfromnode"node1"
DestinationNode Reachable?
------------------------------------ ------------------------
node1 yes
node2 yes
Result:Nodereachabilitycheckpassedfromnode"node1"
Checkinguserequivalence...
Check:Userequivalenceforuser"grid"
NodeName Status
------------------------------------ ------------------------
node2 passed
node1 passed
Result:Userequivalencecheckpassedforuser"grid"
Checkingnodeconnectivity...
Checkinghostsconfigfile...
NodeName Status
------------------------------------ ------------------------
node2 passed
node1 passed
Verificationofthehostsconfigfilesuccessful
Interfaceinformationfornode"node2"
Name IPAddress Subnet Gateway Def.Gateway
HWAddress MTU
------ --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------
-----------------------
eth0 172.16.0.192 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.15.254
00:0C:29:00:42:891500
eth1 192.168.94.12 192.168.94.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.15.254
00:0C:29:00:42:931500
Interfaceinformationfornode"node1"
Name IPAddress Subnet Gateway Def.Gateway
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HWAddress MTU
------ --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------
-----------------------
eth0 172.16.0.191 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.15.254
00:0C:29:A2:AE:1F1500
eth1 192.168.94.11 192.168.94.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.15.254
00:0C:29:A2:AE:291500
Check:Nodeconnectivityofsubnet"172.16.0.0"
Source Destination
Connected?
------------------------------ ------------------------------
----------------
node2[172.16.0.192] node1[172.16.0.191] yes
Result:Nodeconnectivitypassedforsubnet"172.16.0.0"withnode(s)
node2,node1
Check:TCPconnectivityofsubnet"172.16.0.0"
Source Destination
Connected?
------------------------------ ------------------------------
----------------
node1:172.16.0.191 node2:172.16.0.192
passed
Result:TCPconnectivitycheckpassedforsubnet"172.16.0.0"
Check:Nodeconnectivityofsubnet"192.168.94.0"
Source Destination
Connected?
------------------------------ ------------------------------
----------------
node2[192.168.94.12] node1[192.168.94.11] yes
Result: Node connectivity passed for subnet "192.168.94.0" with node(s)
node2,node1
Check:TCPconnectivityofsubnet"192.168.94.0"
Source Destination
Connected?
------------------------------ ------------------------------
----------------
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node1:192.168.94.11 node2:192.168.94.12
passed
Result:TCPconnectivitycheckpassedforsubnet"192.168.94.0"
Interfaces found on subnet "172.16.0.0" that are likely candidates for
VIPare:
node2eth0:172.16.0.192
node1eth0:172.16.0.191
Interfaces found on subnet "192.168.94.0" that are likely candidates for
aprivateinterconnectare:
node2eth1:192.168.94.12
node1eth1:192.168.94.11
Checkingsubnetmaskconsistency...
Subnetmaskconsistencycheckpassedforsubnet"172.16.0.0".
Subnetmaskconsistencycheckpassedforsubnet"192.168.94.0".
Subnetmaskconsistencycheckpassed.
Result:Nodeconnectivitycheckpassed
Checkingmulticastcommunication...
Checking subnet "172.16.0.0" for multicast communication with multicast
group"230.0.1.0"...
Check of subnet "172.16.0.0" for multicast communication with multicast
group"230.0.1.0"passed.
Checkingsubnet"192.168.94.0"formulticastcommunicationwith
multicastgroup"230.0.1.0"...
Check of subnet "192.168.94.0" for multicast communication with multicast
group"230.0.1.0"passed.
Checkofmulticastcommunicationpassed.
CheckingASMLibconfiguration.
NodeName Status
------------------------------------ ------------------------
node2 passed
node1 passed
Result:CheckforASMLibconfigurationpassed.
Check:Totalmemory
NodeName Available Required
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Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 1.9641GB(2059516.0KB) 1.5GB(1572864.0KB)
passed
node1 1.9641GB(2059516.0KB) 1.5GB(1572864.0KB)
passed
Result:Totalmemorycheckpassed
Check:Availablememory
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 1.8744GB(1965456.0KB) 50MB(51200.0KB)
passed
node1 1.7501GB(1835088.0KB) 50MB(51200.0KB)
passed
Result:Availablememorycheckpassed
Check:Swapspace
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 3.4165GB(3582484.0KB) 2.9462GB(3089274.0KB)
passed
node1 3.4165GB(3582484.0KB) 2.9462GB(3089274.0KB)
passed
Result:Swapspacecheckpassed
Check:Freediskspacefor"node2:/tmp"
Path Node Name Mount point Available Required
Status
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
/tmp node2 / 13.0361GB 1GB
passed
Result:Freediskspacecheckpassedfor"node2:/tmp"
Check:Freediskspacefor"node1:/tmp"
Path Node Name Mount point Available Required
Status
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
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------------ ------------
/tmp node1 / 5.874GB 1GB
passed
Result:Freediskspacecheckpassedfor"node1:/tmp"
Check:Userexistencefor"grid"
NodeName Status Comment
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
node2 passed exists(1100)
node1 passed exists(1100)
CheckingformultipleuserswithUIDvalue1100
Result:CheckformultipleuserswithUIDvalue1100passed
Result:Userexistencecheckpassedfor"grid"
Check:Groupexistencefor"oinstall"
NodeName Status Comment
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
node2 passed exists
node1 passed exists
Result:Groupexistencecheckpassedfor"oinstall"
Check:Groupexistencefor"dba"
NodeName Status Comment
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
node2 passed exists
node1 passed exists
Result:Groupexistencecheckpassedfor"dba"
Check:Membershipofuser"grid"ingroup"oinstall"[asPrimary]
Node Name User Exists Group Exists User in Group Primary
Status
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 yes yes yes yes
passed
node1 yes yes yes yes
passed
Result: Membership check for user "grid" in group "oinstall" [as Primary]
passed
Check:Membershipofuser"grid"ingroup"dba"
NodeName UserExists GroupExists UserinGroup Status
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
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----------------
node2 yes yes no failed
node1 yes yes no failed
Result:Membershipcheckforuser"grid"ingroup"dba"failed
Check:Runlevel
NodeName runlevel Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 5 3,5
passed
node1 5 3,5
passed
Result:Runlevelcheckpassed
Check:Hardlimitsfor"maximumopenfiledescriptors"
NodeName Type Available Required Status
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
----------------
node2 hard 65536 65536 passed
node1 hard 65536 65536 passed
Result:Hardlimitscheckpassedfor"maximumopenfiledescriptors"
Check:Softlimitsfor"maximumopenfiledescriptors"
NodeName Type Available Required Status
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
----------------
node2 soft 1024 1024 passed
node1 soft 1024 1024 passed
Result:Softlimitscheckpassedfor"maximumopenfiledescriptors"
Check:Hardlimitsfor"maximumuserprocesses"
NodeName Type Available Required Status
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
----------------
node2 hard 16384 16384 passed
node1 hard 16384 16384 passed
Result:Hardlimitscheckpassedfor"maximumuserprocesses"
Check:Softlimitsfor"maximumuserprocesses"
NodeName Type Available Required Status
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
----------------
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node2 soft 2047 2047 passed
node1 soft 2047 2047 passed
Result:Softlimitscheckpassedfor"maximumuserprocesses"
Check:Systemarchitecture
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 x86_64 x86_64
passed
node1 x86_64 x86_64
passed
Result:Systemarchitecturecheckpassed
Check:Kernelversion
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 2.6.18-194.el5 2.6.18
passed
node1 2.6.18-194.el5 2.6.18
passed
Result:Kernelversioncheckpassed
Check:Kernelparameterfor"semmsl"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 250 250 250 passed
node1 250 250 250 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"semmsl"
Check:Kernelparameterfor"semmns"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 32000 32000 32000 passed
node1 32000 32000 32000 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"semmns"
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Check:Kernelparameterfor"semopm"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 100 100 100 passed
node1 100 100 100 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"semopm"
Check:Kernelparameterfor"semmni"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 128 128 128 passed
node1 128 128 128 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"semmni"
Check:Kernelparameterfor"shmmax"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 1054472192 1054472192 1054472192 passed
node1 1054472192 1054472192 1054472192 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"shmmax"
Check:Kernelparameterfor"shmmni"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 4096 4096 4096 passed
node1 4096 4096 4096 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"shmmni"
Check:Kernelparameterfor"shmall"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 2097152 2097152 2097152 passed
node1 2097152 2097152 2097152 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"shmall"
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Check:Kernelparameterfor"file-max"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 6815744 6815744 6815744 passed
node1 6815744 6815744 6815744 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"file-max"
Check:Kernelparameterfor"ip_local_port_range"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 between 9000.0 & 65500.0 between 9000.0 & 65500.0
between9000.0&65500.0 passed
node1 between 9000.0 & 65500.0 between 9000.0 & 65500.0
between9000.0&65500.0 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"ip_local_port_range"
Check:Kernelparameterfor"rmem_default"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 262144 262144 262144 passed
node1 262144 262144 262144 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"rmem_default"
Check:Kernelparameterfor"rmem_max"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 4194304 4194304 4194304 passed
node1 4194304 4194304 4194304 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"rmem_max"
Check:Kernelparameterfor"wmem_default"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
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node2 262144 262144 262144 passed
node1 262144 262144 262144 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"wmem_default"
Check:Kernelparameterfor"wmem_max"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 1048586 1048586 1048576 passed
node1 1048586 1048586 1048576 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"wmem_max"
Check:Kernelparameterfor"aio-max-nr"
NodeName Current Configured Required Status
Comment
---------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
------------ ------------
node2 1048576 1048576 1048576 passed
node1 1048576 1048576 1048576 passed
Result:Kernelparametercheckpassedfor"aio-max-nr"
Check:Packageexistencefor"make"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 make-3.81-3.el5 make-3.81
passed
node1 make-3.81-3.el5 make-3.81
passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"make"
Check:Packageexistencefor"binutils"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5 binutils-2.17.50.0.6
passed
node1 binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5 binutils-2.17.50.0.6
passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"binutils"
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Check:Packageexistencefor"gcc(x86_64)"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 gcc(x86_64)-4.1.2-48.el5 gcc(x86_64)-4.1.2
passed
node1 gcc(x86_64)-4.1.2-48.el5 gcc(x86_64)-4.1.2
passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"gcc(x86_64)"
Check:Packageexistencefor"libaio(x86_64)"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 libaio(x86_64)-0.3.106-5 libaio(x86_64)-0.3.106
passed
node1 libaio(x86_64)-0.3.106-5 libaio(x86_64)-0.3.106
passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"libaio(x86_64)"
Check:Packageexistencefor"glibc(x86_64)"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 glibc(x86_64)-2.5-49 glibc(x86_64)-2.5-24
passed
node1 glibc(x86_64)-2.5-49 glibc(x86_64)-2.5-24
passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"glibc(x86_64)"
Check:Packageexistencefor"compat-libstdc++-33(x86_64)"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 compat-libstdc++-33(x86_64)-3.2.3-61
compat-libstdc++-33(x86_64)-3.2.3 passed
node1 compat-libstdc++-33(x86_64)-3.2.3-61
compat-libstdc++-33(x86_64)-3.2.3 passed
Result: Package existence check passed for "compat-libstdc++-33(x86_64)"
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Check:Packageexistencefor"elfutils-libelf(x86_64)"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 elfutils-libelf(x86_64)-0.137-3.el5
elfutils-libelf(x86_64)-0.125 passed
node1 elfutils-libelf(x86_64)-0.137-3.el5
elfutils-libelf(x86_64)-0.125 passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"elfutils-libelf(x86_64)"
Check:Packageexistencefor"elfutils-libelf-devel"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125 passed
node1 elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125 passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"elfutils-libelf-devel"
Check:Packageexistencefor"glibc-common"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 glibc-common-2.5-49 glibc-common-2.5
passed
node1 glibc-common-2.5-49 glibc-common-2.5
passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"glibc-common"
Check:Packageexistencefor"glibc-devel(x86_64)"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 glibc-devel(x86_64)-2.5-49 glibc-devel(x86_64)-2.5
passed
node1 glibc-devel(x86_64)-2.5-49 glibc-devel(x86_64)-2.5
passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"glibc-devel(x86_64)"
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Check:Packageexistencefor"glibc-headers"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 glibc-headers-2.5-49 glibc-headers-2.5
passed
node1 glibc-headers-2.5-49 glibc-headers-2.5
passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"glibc-headers"
Check:Packageexistencefor"gcc-c++(x86_64)"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 gcc-c++(x86_64)-4.1.2-48.el5 gcc-c++(x86_64)-4.1.2
passed
node1 gcc-c++(x86_64)-4.1.2-48.el5 gcc-c++(x86_64)-4.1.2
passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"gcc-c++(x86_64)"
Check:Packageexistencefor"libaio-devel(x86_64)"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 libaio-devel(x86_64)-0.3.106-5
libaio-devel(x86_64)-0.3.106 passed
node1 libaio-devel(x86_64)-0.3.106-5
libaio-devel(x86_64)-0.3.106 passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"libaio-devel(x86_64)"
Check:Packageexistencefor"libgcc(x86_64)"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 libgcc(x86_64)-4.1.2-48.el5 libgcc(x86_64)-4.1.2
passed
node1 libgcc(x86_64)-4.1.2-48.el5 libgcc(x86_64)-4.1.2
passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"libgcc(x86_64)"
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Check:Packageexistencefor"libstdc++(x86_64)"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 libstdc++(x86_64)-4.1.2-48.el5
libstdc++(x86_64)-4.1.2 passed
node1 libstdc++(x86_64)-4.1.2-48.el5
libstdc++(x86_64)-4.1.2 passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"libstdc++(x86_64)"
Check:Packageexistencefor"libstdc++-devel(x86_64)"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 libstdc++-devel(x86_64)-4.1.2-48.el5
libstdc++-devel(x86_64)-4.1.2 passed
node1 libstdc++-devel(x86_64)-4.1.2-48.el5
libstdc++-devel(x86_64)-4.1.2 passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"libstdc++-devel(x86_64)"
Check:Packageexistencefor"sysstat"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5 sysstat-7.0.2
passed
node1 sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5 sysstat-7.0.2
passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"sysstat"
Check:Packageexistencefor"ksh"
NodeName Available Required
Status
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 ksh-20100202-1.el5 ksh-20060214
passed
node1 ksh-20100202-1.el5 ksh-20060214
passed
Result:Packageexistencecheckpassedfor"ksh"
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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CheckingformultipleuserswithUIDvalue0
Result:CheckformultipleuserswithUIDvalue0passed
Check:CurrentgroupID
Result:CurrentgroupIDcheckpassed
Startingcheckforconsistencyofprimarygroupofrootuser
NodeName Status
------------------------------------ ------------------------
node2 passed
node1 passed
Checkforconsistencyofrootuser'sprimarygrouppassed
StartingClocksynchronizationchecksusingNetworkTime
Protocol(NTP)...
NTPConfigurationfilecheckstarted...
NetworkTimeProtocol(NTP)configurationfilenotfoundonanyofthe
nodes.OracleClusterTimeSynchronizationService(CTSS)canbeused
insteadofNTPfortimesynchronizationontheclusternodes
NoNTPDaemonsorServiceswerefoundtoberunning
Result:ClocksynchronizationcheckusingNetworkTimeProtocol(NTP)
passed
CheckingCorefilenamepatternconsistency...
Corefilenamepatternconsistencycheckpassed.
Checkingtomakesureuser"grid"isnotin"root"group
NodeName Status Comment
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
node2 passed doesnotexist
node1 passed doesnotexist
Result:User"grid"isnotpartof"root"group.Checkpassed
Checkdefaultuserfilecreationmask
NodeName Available Required
Comment
------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
----------
node2 0022 0022
passed
node1 0022 0022
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passed
Result:Defaultuserfilecreationmaskcheckpassed
Checkingconsistencyoffile"/etc/resolv.conf"acrossnodes
Checking thefile "/etc/resolv.conf" to make sure only one of domain and
searchentriesisdefined
File"/etc/resolv.conf"doesnothavebothdomainandsearchentries
defined
Checking if domain entry in file "/etc/resolv.conf" is consistent across
thenodes...
domainentryinfile"/etc/resolv.conf"isconsistentacrossnodes
Checking if search entry in file "/etc/resolv.conf" is consistent across
thenodes...
searchentryinfile"/etc/resolv.conf"isconsistentacrossnodes
Checking file "/etc/resolv.conf" to make sure that only onesearch entry
isdefined
Allnodeshaveonesearchentrydefinedinfile"/etc/resolv.conf"
Checking all nodes to make sure that search entry is "localdomain" as found
onnode"node2"
Allnodesoftheclusterhavesamevaluefor'search'
CheckingDNSresponsetimeforanunreachablenode
NodeName Status
------------------------------------ ------------------------
node2 passed
node1 passed
The DNSresponse time for an unreachable node is within acceptable limit
onallnodes
File"/etc/resolv.conf"isconsistentacrossnodes
Check:Timezoneconsistency
Result:Timezoneconsistencycheckpassed
Fixupinformationhasbeengeneratedforfollowingnode(s):
node2,node1
Please run the following script on each node as "root" user to execute
thefixups:
'/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.3.0_grid/runfixup.sh'
k Pre-check r for r cluster s services p setup s was l unsuccessful n on l all e the nodes.
node1->
从上面的预检查结果中，可以看到不成功，其实错误的原因是 grid 用户不属于 dba 组 ！
不过，Oracle 自动给我们提供的修复的脚本，根据上述提示，分别以root 用户在两个节点上
执行/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.3.0_grid/runfixup.sh 脚本来修复。
node1：
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[root@node1~]#idgrid
uid=1100(grid)gid=1000(oinstall)
groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper)
[root@node1~]#
看到，grid的确不属于 dba 组。执行脚本，进行修复：
[root@node1~]#sh/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.3.0_grid/runfixup.sh
Responsefilebeingusedis:/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.3.0_grid/fixup.response
Enablefilebeingusedis:/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.3.0_grid/fixup.enable
Logfilelocation:/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.3.0_grid/orarun.log
uid=1100(grid)gid=1000(oinstall)
groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper)
[root@node1~]#idgrid
uid=1100(grid)gid=1000(oinstall)
groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(
dba)
[root@node1~]#
同样，在 node2 上执行上述脚本：
[root@node2~]#sh/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.3.0_grid/runfixup.sh
Responsefilebeingusedis:/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.3.0_grid/fixup.response
Enablefilebeingusedis:/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.3.0_grid/fixup.enable
Logfilelocation:/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.3.0_grid/orarun.log
uid=1100(grid)gid=1000(oinstall)
groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper)
[root@node2~]#idgrid
uid=1100(grid)gid=1000(oinstall)
groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(
dba)
[root@node2~]#
执行完修复脚本后，重新执行预检查：
node1-> ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n node1,node2 -fixup -verbose
...
...
...
Checking thefile "/etc/resolv.conf" to make sure only one of domain and
searchentriesisdefined
File"/etc/resolv.conf"doesnothavebothdomainandsearchentries
defined
Checking if domain entry in file "/etc/resolv.conf" is consistent across
thenodes...
domainentryinfile"/etc/resolv.conf"isconsistentacrossnodes
Checking if search entry in file "/etc/resolv.conf" is consistent across
thenodes...
searchentryinfile"/etc/resolv.conf"isconsistentacrossnodes
Checking file "/etc/resolv.conf" to make sure that only onesearch entry
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isdefined
Allnodeshaveonesearchentrydefinedinfile"/etc/resolv.conf"
Checking all nodes to make sure that search entry is "localdomain" as found
onnode"node2"
Allnodesoftheclusterhavesamevaluefor'search'
CheckingDNSresponsetimeforanunreachablenode
NodeName Status
------------------------------------ ------------------------
node2 passed
node1 passed
The DNSresponse time for an unreachable node is within acceptable limit
onallnodes
File"/etc/resolv.conf"isconsistentacrossnodes
Check:Timezoneconsistency
Result:Timezoneconsistencycheckpassed
Pre-checkforclusterservicessetupwas successful.
node1->
直到此步骤，我们的安装环境已经完全准备 OK！！！
3 3 3 安装 d Grid Infrastructure
从此步骤开始，我们正式安装 Grid 软件：
① 以 grid 用户登录图形界面，执行/home/grid/grid/runInstaller,进入 OUI 的图形安装界
面：
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② 进入 OUI 安装界面后，选择第 3 项，跳过软件更新，Next：
③ 选择集群的 Grid Infrastructure，Next：
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④ 选择advanced Installation，Next：
⑤ 语言选择默认，English，Next：
⑥ 去 掉 Configure GNS 选 项 ， 按 照 之 前 2.1 节 中 的 表 格 输 入 Cluster
Name:scan-cluster,SCANName：scan-cluster.localdomain。Next：
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⑦ 单击 Add，添加第2 个节点，Next：
⑧ 确认网络接口，Next：
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⑨ 选择 ASM，作为存储，Next：
⑩ 输入 ASM 磁盘组名，这里命名为 GRIDDG，冗余策略选择 External 外部，AU 大小
选择默认 1M，ASM 磁盘选择 VOL1，VOL2。Next：
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⑪ 选择给 ASM 的 SYS、ASMSNMP 用户配置为相同的口令，并输入口令，Next：
⑫ 选择不使用 IPMI，Next：
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⑬ 给 ASM 指定不同的组，Next：
⑭ 选择 GRID 软件的安装路径，其中 ORACLE_BASE,ORACLE_HOME 均选择之前已
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经配置好的，可参照 2.5 节中的配置信息。这里需要注意 GRID 软件的 ORACLE_HOME 不
能是 ORACLE_BASE 的子目录。
⑮ 选择默认的 Inventory，Next：
⑯ 检查出现告警，提示在所有节点上缺失 cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1 软件包。
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可以选择忽略，直接进入下一步安装。也可以从 grid 安装文件的 rpm 目录下获取该 RPM
包，然后进行安装。
node1：
[root@node1rpm]#pwd
/home/grid/grid/rpm
[root@node1rpm]#ll
total12
-rwxr-xr-x1rootroot8551Sep22 2011cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm
[root@node1rpm]#rpm-ivhcvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm
Preparing...
###########################################[100%]
Usingdefaultgroupoinstalltoinstallpackage
1:cvuqdisk
###########################################[100%]
[root@node1rpm]#
node2：
[root@node2~]#ll
total96
-rw-------1rootroot 1371Apr2014:48anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot 4096Apr2611:20asm_rpm
-rwxr-xr-x1rootroot 8551Apr2709:27cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm
-rw-r--r--1rootroot51256Apr2014:48install.log
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-rw-r--r--1rootroot 4077Apr2014:48install.log.syslog
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot 4096Apr2410:45shell
[root@node2~]#exportCVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall
[root@node2~]#rpm-ivhcvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm
Preparing...
###########################################[100%]
1:cvuqdisk
###########################################[100%]
[root@node2~]#
在所有节点上安装完 cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1 软件后，重新执行预检查，不再有警告信息。
⑰ 进入安装 GRID 安装之前的概要信息，Install 进行安装：
⑱ 根据提示以 root 用户分别在两个节点上执行脚本：
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执行/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh 脚本：
node1：
[root@node1~]#/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changingpermissionsof/u01/app/oraInventory.
Addingread,writepermissionsforgroup.
Removingread,write,executepermissionsforworld.
Changinggroupnameof/u01/app/oraInventorytooinstall.
Theexecutionofthescriptiscomplete.
[root@node1~]#
node2：
[root@node2~]#/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changingpermissionsof/u01/app/oraInventory.
Addingread,writepermissionsforgroup.
Removingread,write,executepermissionsforworld.
Changinggroupnameof/u01/app/oraInventorytooinstall.
Theexecutionofthescriptiscomplete.
[root@node2~]#
执行/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh 脚本：
node1：
[root@node1~]#/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root
root.sh rootupgrade.sh
[root@node1~]#/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
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PerformingrootuseroperationforOracle11g
Thefollowingenvironmentvariablesaresetas:
ORACLE_OWNER=grid
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
Enterthefullpathnameofthelocalbindirectory:[/usr/local/bin]:
Copyingdbhometo/usr/local/bin...
Copyingoraenvto/usr/local/bin...
Copyingcoraenvto/usr/local/bin...
Creating/etc/oratabfile...
Entrieswillbeaddedtothe/etc/oratabfileasneededby
DatabaseConfigurationAssistantwhenadatabaseiscreated
Finishedrunninggenericpartofrootscript.
Nowproduct-specificrootactionswillbeperformed.
Usingconfigurationparameterfile:
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
Creatingtracedirectory
OLRinitialization-successful
rootwallet
rootwalletcert
rootcertexport
peerwallet
profilereaderwallet
pawallet
peerwalletkeys
pawalletkeys
peercertrequest
pacertrequest
peercert
pacert
peerrootcertTP
profilereaderrootcertTP
parootcertTP
peerpacertTP
papeercertTP
profilereaderpacertTP
profilereaderpeercertTP
peerusercert
pausercert
AddingClusterwareentriestoinittab
CRS-2672:Attemptingtostart'ora.mdnsd'on'node1'
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CRS-2676:Startof'ora.mdnsd'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2672:Attemptingtostart'ora.gpnpd'on'node1'
CRS-2676:Startof'ora.gpnpd'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2672:Attemptingtostart'ora.cssdmonitor'on'node1'
CRS-2672:Attemptingtostart'ora.gipcd'on'node1'
CRS-2676:Startof'ora.gipcd'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2676:Startof'ora.cssdmonitor'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2672:Attemptingtostart'ora.cssd'on'node1'
CRS-2672:Attemptingtostart'ora.diskmon'on'node1'
CRS-2676:Startof'ora.diskmon'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2676:Startof'ora.cssd'on'node1'succeeded
ASMcreatedandstartedsuccessfully.
DiskGroupGRIDDGcreatedsuccessfully.
clscfg:-installmodespecified
SuccessfullyaccumulatednecessaryOCRkeys.
CreatingOCRkeysforuser'root',privgrp'root'..
Operationsuccessful.
CRS-4256:Updatingtheprofile
Successfuladditionofvotingdisk9516d145c0254f9ebf50064a6a916182.
Successfullyreplacedvotingdiskgroupwith+GRIDDG.
CRS-4256:Updatingtheprofile
CRS-4266:Votingfile(s)successfullyreplaced
## STATE FileUniversalId FileNameDiskgroup
-- ----- ----------------- ------------------
1.ONLINE 9516d145c0254f9ebf50064a6a916182(ORCL:VOL1)[GRIDDG]
Located1votingdisk(s).
CRS-2672:Attemptingtostart'ora.asm'on'node1'
CRS-2676:Startof'ora.asm'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2672:Attemptingtostart'ora.GRIDDG.dg'on'node1'
CRS-2676:Startof'ora.GRIDDG.dg'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2672:Attemptingtostart'ora.registry.acfs'on'node1'
CRS-2676:Startof'ora.registry.acfs'on'node1'succeeded
ConfigureOracleGridInfrastructureforaCluster...succeeded
[root@node1~]#
node2：
[root@node2~]#/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
PerformingrootuseroperationforOracle11g
Thefollowingenvironmentvariablesaresetas:
ORACLE_OWNER=grid
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
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Enterthefullpathnameofthelocalbindirectory:[/usr/local/bin]:
Copyingdbhometo/usr/local/bin...
Copyingoraenvto/usr/local/bin...
Copyingcoraenvto/usr/local/bin...
Creating/etc/oratabfile...
Entrieswillbeaddedtothe/etc/oratabfileasneededby
DatabaseConfigurationAssistantwhenadatabaseiscreated
Finishedrunninggenericpartofrootscript.
Nowproduct-specificrootactionswillbeperformed.
Usingconfigurationparameterfile:
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
Creatingtracedirectory
OLRinitialization-successful
AddingClusterwareentriestoinittab
CRS-4402: The CSS daemon wasstarted in exclusive mode butfound an active
CSSdaemononnodenode1,number1,andisterminating
An active cluster was found during exclusive startup, restartingto join
thecluster
ConfigureOracleGridInfrastructureforaCluster...succeeded
[root@node2~]#
此时，集群件相关的服务已经启动。当然，ASM 实例也将在两个节点上启动。
[root@node1~]#su-grid
node1->crs_stat-t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.GRIDDG.dg ora....up.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....N1.lsnrora....er.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.cvu ora.cvu.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.gsd ora.gsd.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....networkora....rk.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....SM1.asmapplication ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.node1.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.node1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.node1.vip ora....t1.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....SM2.asmapplication ONLINE ONLINE node2
ora.node2.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.node2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node2
ora.node2.vip ora....t1.typeONLINE ONLINE node2
ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.ons ora.ons.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
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ora....ry.acfsora....fs.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
node1->
⑲ 执行完上述脚本之后，单击 OK，Next，进入下一步。
⑳ 最后，单击 close，完成 GRID 软件在双节点上的安装。
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至此，GRID 集群件安装成功！！！
4 4 4 安装 e Oracle 软件
从此步骤开始，我们正式安装 oracle 软件：
① 以 oracle 用户登录图形界面，执行/home/oracle/database/runInstaller,进入 OUI 的图形
安装界面：
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② 进入 OUI 安装界面后，选择第 3 项，跳过软件更新，Next：
③ 选择第 2 项，只安装 oracle 软件，Next：
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④ 选择第 2 项，安装 oracle RAC，选择所有节点，Next：
⑤ 语言选择默认，English，Next：
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⑥ 选择第 1 项，安装企业版软件，Next：
⑦ 选择 oracle 软件的安装路径，其中 ORACLE_BASE,ORACLE_HOME 均选择之前已
经配置好的，可参照 2.5 节中的配置信息。Next：
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⑧ 选择 oracle 用户组，Next：
⑨ 执行安装前的预检查，Next：
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⑩ 安装概要信息，Install：
⑪ 根据提示以 root 用户分别在两个节点上执行脚本，Next：
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执行/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh 脚本：
node1：
[root@node1~]#/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
PerformingrootuseroperationforOracle11g
Thefollowingenvironmentvariablesaresetas:
ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
Enterthefullpathnameofthelocalbindirectory:[/usr/local/bin]:
Thecontentsof"dbhome"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.
Thecontentsof"oraenv"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.
Thecontentsof"coraenv"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.
Entrieswillbeaddedtothe/etc/oratabfileasneededby
DatabaseConfigurationAssistantwhenadatabaseiscreated
Finishedrunninggenericpartofrootscript.
Nowproduct-specificrootactionswillbeperformed.
Finishedproduct-specificrootactions.
[root@node1~]#
node2：
[root@node2~]#/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
PerformingrootuseroperationforOracle11g
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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Thefollowingenvironmentvariablesaresetas:
ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
Enterthefullpathnameofthelocalbindirectory:[/usr/local/bin]:
Thecontentsof"dbhome"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.
Thecontentsof"oraenv"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.
Thecontentsof"coraenv"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.
Entrieswillbeaddedtothe/etc/oratabfileasneededby
DatabaseConfigurationAssistantwhenadatabaseiscreated
Finishedrunninggenericpartofrootscript.
Nowproduct-specificrootactionswillbeperformed.
Finishedproduct-specificrootactions.
[root@node2~]#
⑫ 最后，单击 close，完成 oracle 软件在双节点上的安装。
至此，我们在 RAC 双节点上完成 oracle 软件的安装！！！
5 5 5 创建 ASM 磁盘组
以 grid 用户创建ASM 磁盘组，创建的 ASM 磁盘组为下一步创建数据库提供存储。
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① grid 用户登录图形界面，执行 asmca 命令来创建磁盘组：
② 进入 ASMCA 配置界面后，单击 Create，创建新的磁盘组：
③ 输入磁盘组名 DATA ，冗余策略选择 External，磁盘选择 ORCL:VOL3，单击 OK：
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④ DATA 磁盘组创建完成，单击 OK：
⑤ 继续创建磁盘组，磁盘组名 FLASH，冗余策略选择 External，磁盘选择 ORCL:VOL4：
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⑥ 最后，完成 DATA、FLASH 磁盘组的创建，Exit 推出 ASMCA 图形配置界面：
至此，利用 ASMCA 创建好 DATA 、FLASH 磁盘组。且，可以看到连同之前创建的
GRIDDG 3 个磁盘组均已经被RAC 双节点 MOUNT。
6 6 6 创建 RAC 数据库
接下来，使用 DBCA 来创建 RAC 数据库。
① 以 oracle 用户登录图形界面，执行 dbca，进入 DBCA 的图形界面，选择第 1 项，创
建 RAC 数据库：
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② 选择创建数据库选项，Next：
③ 选择创建通用数据库，Next：
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④ 配置类型选择 Admin-Managed，输入数据库名 devdb，选择双节点，Next：
⑤ 选择默认，配置 OEM、启用数据库自动维护任务，Next：
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⑥ 选择数据库用户使用同一口令，Next：
⑦ 数据库存储选择 ASM，使用 OMF，数据区选择之前创建的 DATA 磁盘组，Next：
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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⑧ 指定数据库闪回区，选择之前创建好的 FLASH 磁盘组，Next：
⑨ 选择创建数据库自带 SampleSchema，Next：
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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⑩ 选择数据库字符集，AL32UTF8，Next：
⑪ 选择默认数据库存储信息，直接 Next：
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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⑫ 单击，Finish，开始创建数据库，Next：
创建数据库可能持续时间稍长：
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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⑬ 完成创建数据库。
至此，我们完成创建 RAC 数据库！！！
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7 7 7 脚本附录
1 7.1 h preusers.sh 脚本
#!/bin/bash
#Purpose:Create6groupsnamed
'oinstall','dba','asmadmin','asmdba','asmoper','oper',plus2users
named'oracle','grid'.
#AlsosettingtheEnvironment
#variablefororacleuser.
#variableforgriduser.
#Usage:Logonasthesuperuser('root'),andthenexecutethe
command:#./1preusers.sh
#Author:AsherHuang
echo"Nowcreate6groupsnamed
'oinstall','dba','asmadmin','asmdba','asmoper','oper'"
echo "Plus 2 users named'oracle','grid',Also setting the Environment"
groupadd-g1000oinstall
groupadd-g1200asmadmin
groupadd-g1201asmdba
groupadd-g1202asmoper
useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall-G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper -d /home/grid -s
/bin/bash-c"gridInfrastructureOwner"grid
echo"grid"|passwd--stdingrid
echo'exportPS1="`/bin/hostname-s`->"'>>/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo"exportTMP=/tmp">>/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo'exportTMPDIR=$TMP'>>/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo"exportORACLE_SID=+ASM1">>/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo"exportORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid">>/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo"exportORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid">>
/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo"exportORACLE_TERM=xterm">>/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo"exportNLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy/mm/ddhh24:mi:ss'">>
/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo'exportTNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin' >>
/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo'exportPATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH'>>/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo'exportPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH'>>/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo'exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib'>>
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/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo'export
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib'
>>/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo"exportEDITOR=vi">>/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo"exportLANG=en_US">>/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo"exportNLS_LANG=american_america.AL32UTF8">>
/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo"umask022">>/home/grid/.bash_profile
groupadd-g1300dba
groupadd-g1301oper
useradd-u1101-goinstall-Gdba,oper,asmdba-d/home/oracle-s
/bin/bash-c"OracleSoftwareOwner"oracle
echo"oracle"|passwd--stdinoracle
echo 'export PS1="`/bin/hostname -s`-> "'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo"exportTMP=/tmp">>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo'exportTMPDIR=$TMP'>>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo"exportORACLE_HOSTNAME=node1.localdomain">>
/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo"exportORACLE_SID=devdb1">>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo'exportORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1'>>
/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo"exportORACLE_UNQNAME=devdb">>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo'exportTNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin' >>
/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo"exportORACLE_TERM=xterm">>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo'exportPATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH'>>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo'exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib'>>
/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo'export
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib'
>>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo"exportEDITOR=vi">>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo"exportLANG=en_US">>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo"exportNLS_LANG=american_america.AL32UTF8">>
/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo"exportNLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy/mm/ddhh24:mi:ss'">>
/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo"umask022">>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
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echo"TheGroupsandusershasbeencreated"
echo"TheEnvironmentforgrid,oraclealsohasbeensetsuccessfully"
2 7.2 h predir.sh 脚本
#!/bin/bash
#Purpose:Create the necessary directory for oracle,grid users and change
theauthentiontooracle,gridusers.
#Usage:Logonasthesuperuser('root'),andthenexecutethe
command:#./2predir.sh
#Author:AsherHuang
echo "Now create the necessary directory for oracle,grid users and change
theauthentiontooracle,gridusers..."
mkdir-p/u01/app/grid
mkdir-p/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle
chown-Roracle:oinstall/u01
chown-Rgrid:oinstall/u01/app/grid
chown-Rgrid:oinstall/u01/app/11.2.0
chmod-R775/u01
echo"Thenecessarydirectoryfororacle,gridusersandchangethe
authentiontooracle,gridusershasbeenfinished"
3 7.3 h prelimits.sh 脚本
#!/bin/bash
#Purpose:Changethe/etc/security/limits.conf.
#Usage:Logonasthesuperuser('root'),andthenexecutethe
command:#./3prelimits.sh
#Author:AsherHuang
echo"Nowmodifythe/etc/security/limits.conf,butbackupitnamed
/etc/security/limits.conf.bakbefore"
cp/etc/security/limits.conf/etc/security/limits.conf.bak
echo"oraclesoftnproc2047">>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo"oraclehardnproc16384">>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo"oraclesoftnofile1024">>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo"oraclehardnofile65536">>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo"gridsoftnproc2047">>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo"gridhardnproc16384">>/etc/security/limits.conf
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echo"gridsoftnofile1024">>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo"gridhardnofile65536">>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo"Modifingthe/etc/security/limits.confhasbeensucceed."
4 7.4 h prelogin.sh 脚本
#!/bin/bash
#Purpose:Modifythe/etc/pam.d/login.
#Usage:Logonasthesuperuser('root'),andthenexecutethe
command:#./4prelimits.sh
#Author:AsherHuang
echo"Nowmodifythe/etc/pam.d/login,butwithabackupnamed
/etc/pam.d/login.bak"
cp/etc/pam.d/login/etc/pam.d/login.bak
echo "session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so" >>/etc/pam.d/login
echo"sessionrequiredpam_limits.so">>/etc/pam.d/login
echo"Modifingthe/etc/pam.d/loginhasbeensucceed."
5 7.5 h preprofile.sh 脚本
#!/bin/bash
#Purpose:Modifythe/etc/profile.
#Usage:Logonasthesuperuser('root'),andthenexecutethe
command:#./5preprofile.sh
#Author:AsherHuang
echo"Nowmodifythe /etc/profile,butwithabackupnamed
/etc/profile.bak"
cp/etc/profile/etc/profile.bak
echo 'if [ $USER = "oracle" ]||[ $USER = "grid" ]; then' >> /etc/profile
echo'if[$SHELL="/bin/ksh"];then'>>/etc/profile
echo'ulimit-p16384'>>/etc/profile
echo'ulimit-n65536'>>/etc/profile
echo'else'>>/etc/profile
echo'ulimit-u16384-n65536'>>/etc/profile
echo'fi'>>/etc/profile
echo'fi'>>/etc/profile
echo"Modifingthe/etc/profilehasbeensucceed."
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6 7.6 h presysctl.sh 脚本
#!/bin/bash
#Purpose:Modifythe/etc/sysctl.conf.
#Usage:Logonasthesuperuser('root'),andthenexecutethe
command:#./6presysctl.sh
#Author:AsherHuang
echo"Nowmodifythe/etc/sysctl.conf,butwithabackupnamed
/etc/sysctl.bak"
cp/etc/sysctl.conf/etc/sysctl.conf.bak
echo"fs.aio-max-nr=1048576">>/etc/sysctl.conf
echo"fs.file-max=6815744">>/etc/sysctl.conf
echo"kernel.shmall=2097152">>/etc/sysctl.conf
echo"kernel.shmmax=1054472192">>/etc/sysctl.conf
echo"kernel.shmmni=4096">>/etc/sysctl.conf
echo"kernel.sem=25032000100128">>/etc/sysctl.conf
echo"net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=900065500">>/etc/sysctl.conf
echo"net.core.rmem_default=262144">>/etc/sysctl.conf
echo"net.core.rmem_max=4194304">>/etc/sysctl.conf
echo"net.core.wmem_default=262144">>/etc/sysctl.conf
echo"net.core.wmem_max=1048586">>/etc/sysctl.conf
echo"net.ipv4.tcp_wmem=262144262144262144">>/etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo"Modifingthe/etc/sysctl.confhasbeensucceed."
echo"Nowmakethechangestakeeffect....."
sysctl-p
8 8 8 C RAC 维护
1 8.1 查看服务状态
[root@node1~]#su - grid
node1->crs_stat-t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
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ora.DATA.dg ora....up.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.FLASH.dg ora....up.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.GRIDDG.dg ora....up.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....ER.lsnrora....er.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....N1.lsnrora....er.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.cvu ora.cvu.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.devdb.db ora....se.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.gsd ora.gsd.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....networkora....rk.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....SM1.asmapplication ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....E1.lsnrapplication ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.node1.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.node1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.node1.vip ora....t1.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....SM2.asmapplication ONLINE ONLINE node2
ora....E2.lsnrapplication ONLINE ONLINE node2
ora.node2.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.node2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node2
ora.node2.vip ora....t1.typeONLINE ONLINE node2
ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.ons ora.ons.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....ry.acfsora....fs.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
node1->
2 8.2 检查 S CRS 状态
8.2.1 检查本地节点的 CRS 状态：
node1->crsctlcheckcrs
CRS-4638:OracleHighAvailabilityServicesisonline
CRS-4537:ClusterReadyServicesisonline
CRS-4529:ClusterSynchronizationServicesisonline
CRS-4533:EventManagerisonline
2 8.2.2 检查集群的 CRS 状态：
node1->crsctlcheckcluster
CRS-4537:ClusterReadyServicesisonline
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CRS-4529:ClusterSynchronizationServicesisonline
CRS-4533:EventManagerisonline
node1->
3 8.3 查看集群中节点的配置信息：
node1->olsnodes
node1
node2
node1->olsnodes-n
node1 1
node2 2
node1->olsnodes-n-i
node1 1 node1-vip
node2 2 node2-vip
node1->olsnodes-n-i-s
node1 1 node1-vip Active
node2 2 node2-vip Active
node1->
4 8.4 查看集群软件各种版本信息：
1 8.4.1 查看集群软件使用版本信息：
node1->crsctlquerycrsactiveversion
OracleClusterwareactiveversionontheclusteris[11.2.0.3.0]
node1->
2 8.4.2 查看集群软件发行版本信息：
node1->crsctlquerycrsreleaseversion
Oracle High Availability Services release version on the local node is
[11.2.0.3.0]
node1->
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3 8.4.3 查看集群软件安装版本信息：
node1->crsctlquerycrssoftwareversion
OracleClusterwareversiononnode[node1]is[11.2.0.3.0]
node1->
5 8.5 查看集群件的表决磁盘信息：
node1->crsctlquerycssvotedisk
## STATE FileUniversalId FileNameDiskgroup
-- ----- ----------------- ------------------
1.ONLINE 1c10de5a40f84f9ebf7ade34b691a00f(ORCL:VOL1)[GRIDDG]
Located1votingdisk(s).
node1->
6 8.6 查看系统 S DNS 配置相关信息：
node1->crsctlquerydns-servers
CRS-10018:thefollowingconfigurationwasfoundonthesystem:
CRS-10019:Thereare1domainsinsearchorder.Theyare:
localdomain
CRS-10022:Thereare1nameservers.Theyare:
172.16.0.176
CRS-10020:numberofretryattemptsfornamelookupis:4
CRS-10021:timeoutforeachnamelookupis:5
node1->cat/etc/resolv.conf
searchlocaldomain
nameserver172.16.0.176
node1->
7 8.7 查看集群 SCAN VIP 信息：
node1->srvctlconfigscan
SCANname:scan-cluster.localdomain,Network:
1/172.16.0.0/255.255.240.0/eth0
SCANVIPname:scan1,IP:/scan-cluster.localdomain/172.16.0.203
node1->
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8 8.8 查看集群 SCAN r Listener 信息：
node1->srvctlconfigscan_listener
SCANListenerLISTENER_SCAN1exists.Port:TCP:1521
node1->
9 8.9 查看集群件 OCR 文件信息：
node1->ocrcheck
StatusofOracleClusterRegistryisasfollows:
Version : 3
Totalspace(kbytes) : 262120
Usedspace(kbytes) : 3024
Availablespace(kbytes): 259096
ID :1482685515
Device/FileName : +GRIDDG
Device/Fileintegritycheck
succeeded
Device/Filenotconfigured
Device/Filenotconfigured
Device/Filenotconfigured
Device/Filenotconfigured
Clusterregistryintegritychecksucceeded
Logicalcorruptioncheckbypassedduetonon-privilegeduser
node1->
提示权限不足，以 root 执行如下：
[root@node2bin]#./ocrcheck-local
StatusofOracleLocalRegistryisasfollows:
Version : 3
Totalspace(kbytes) : 262120
Usedspace(kbytes) : 2668
Availablespace(kbytes): 259452
ID : 660096641
Device/FileName :
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cdata/node2.olr
Device/Fileintegritycheck
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succeeded
Localregistryintegritychecksucceeded
Logicalcorruptionchecksucceeded
[root@node2bin]#
0 8.10 查看集群件 OCR 备份信息：
node1->ocrconfig-showbackup
node1 2012/07/1613:50:27
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cdata/scan-cluster/backup00.ocr
node1 2012/07/1609:50:21
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cdata/scan-cluster/backup01.ocr
node1 2012/07/1605:50:16
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cdata/scan-cluster/backup02.ocr
node1 2012/07/1505:49:38
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cdata/scan-cluster/day.ocr
node1 2012/07/0814:53:48
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cdata/scan-cluster/week.ocr
PROT-25: Manual backups for the Oracle Cluster Registry are not available
node1->
1 8.11 启、停集群数据库：
node1->crs_stat-t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg ora....up.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.FLASH.dg ora....up.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.GRIDDG.dg ora....up.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....ER.lsnrora....er.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....N1.lsnrora....er.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.cvu ora.cvu.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
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ora.devdb.db ora....se.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.gsd ora.gsd.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....networkora....rk.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....SM1.asmapplication ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....E1.lsnrapplication ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.node1.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.node1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.node1.vip ora....t1.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....SM2.asmapplication ONLINE ONLINE node2
ora....E2.lsnrapplication ONLINE ONLINE node2
ora.node2.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.node2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node2
ora.node2.vip ora....t1.typeONLINE ONLINE node2
ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.ons ora.ons.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....ry.acfsora....fs.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
node1-> srvctl stop database -d devdb
node1->crs_stat-t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg ora....up.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.FLASH.dg ora....up.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.GRIDDG.dg ora....up.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....ER.lsnrora....er.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....N1.lsnrora....er.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.cvu ora.cvu.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.devdb.db ora....se.typeOFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.gsd ora.gsd.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....networkora....rk.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....SM1.asmapplication ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....E1.lsnrapplication ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.node1.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.node1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.node1.vip ora....t1.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....SM2.asmapplication ONLINE ONLINE node2
ora....E2.lsnrapplication ONLINE ONLINE node2
ora.node2.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.node2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node2
ora.node2.vip ora....t1.typeONLINE ONLINE node2
ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora.ons ora.ons.type ONLINE ONLINE node1
ora....ry.acfsora....fs.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
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ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.typeONLINE ONLINE node1
node1->
2 8.12 启、停集群件服务：
node1->crsctlstopcluster-all
CRS-4563:Insufficientuserprivileges.
CRS-4000:CommandStopfailed,orcompletedwitherrors.
node1->
Grid 用户权限不足，root 执行：
[root@node1~]#pwd
/root
[root@node1~]#cd/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/
[root@node1bin]#./crsctlstopcluster-all
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.crsd'on'node1'
CRS-2790: Starting shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources
on'node1'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.oc4j'on'node1'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.LISTENER.lsnr'on'node1'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.GRIDDG.dg'on'node1'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.registry.acfs'on'node1'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.DATA.dg'on'node1'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.FLASH.dg'on'node1'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.cvu'on'node1'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr'on'node1'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.scan1.vip'on'node1'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.LISTENER.lsnr'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.node1.vip'on'node1'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.scan1.vip'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.node1.vip'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.registry.acfs'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.crsd'on'node2'
CRS-2790: Starting shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources
on'node2'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.GRIDDG.dg'on'node2'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.registry.acfs'on'node2'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.DATA.dg'on'node2'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.FLASH.dg'on'node2'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.LISTENER.lsnr'on'node2'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.LISTENER.lsnr'on'node2'succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.node2.vip'on'node2'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.node2.vip'on'node2'succeeded
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CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.registry.acfs'on'node2'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.DATA.dg'on'node2'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.FLASH.dg'on'node2'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.DATA.dg'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.FLASH.dg'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.oc4j'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.cvu'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.GRIDDG.dg'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.asm'on'node1'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.GRIDDG.dg'on'node2'succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.asm'on'node2'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.asm'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.asm'on'node2'succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.ons'on'node2'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.ons'on'node2'succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.net1.network'on'node2'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.net1.network'on'node2'succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.ons'on'node1'
CRS-2792: Shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on 'node2'
hascompleted
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.ons'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.net1.network'on'node1'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.net1.network'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2792: Shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on 'node1'
hascompleted
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.crsd'on'node2'succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.ctssd'on'node2'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.evmd'on'node2'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.asm'on'node2'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.crsd'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.ctssd'on'node1'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.evmd'on'node1'
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.asm'on'node1'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.evmd'on'node2'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.evmd'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.asm'on'node2'succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip'on 'node2'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.ctssd'on'node2'succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'node2' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.cssd'on'node2'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.ctssd'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.cssd'on'node2'succeeded
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.asm'on'node1'succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip'on 'node1'
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CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'node1' succeeded
CRS-2673:Attemptingtostop'ora.cssd'on'node1'
CRS-2677:Stopof'ora.cssd'on'node1'succeeded
[root@node1bin]#
9 9 9 Dataguard 机器配置
1 9.1 备库安装 GRID 软件：
安装 Grid Infrastructure：
① 进入 OUI 界面：
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② 选择跳过软件更新：
③ 这里选择第 2 项：
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④ 选择语言：
⑤ 配置 GRIDDG 磁盘组：
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⑥ 配置 ASM 的口令：
⑦ 检查对应的用户组：
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⑧ 配置 ORACLE_BASE:
⑨ 检查 Inventory：
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⑩ 安装前预检查：
⑪ 开始安装：
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⑫ 按提示执行脚本/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh ：
[root@dg~]#/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changingpermissionsof/u01/app/oraInventory.
Addingread,writepermissionsforgroup.
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Removingread,write,executepermissionsforworld.
Changinggroupnameof/u01/app/oraInventorytooinstall.
Theexecutionofthescriptiscomplete.
[root@dg~]#
按提示执行脚本/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh ：
[root@dg~]#/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
PerformingrootuseroperationforOracle11g
Thefollowingenvironmentvariablesaresetas:
ORACLE_OWNER=grid
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
Enterthefullpathnameofthelocalbindirectory:[/usr/local/bin]:
Copyingdbhometo/usr/local/bin...
Copyingoraenvto/usr/local/bin...
Copyingcoraenvto/usr/local/bin...
Creating/etc/oratabfile...
Entrieswillbeaddedtothe/etc/oratabfileasneededby
DatabaseConfigurationAssistantwhenadatabaseiscreated
Finishedrunninggenericpartofrootscript.
Nowproduct-specificrootactionswillbeperformed.
Usingconfigurationparameterfile:
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
Creatingtracedirectory
LOCALADDMODE
CreatingOCRkeysforuser'grid',privgrp'oinstall'..
Operationsuccessful.
LOCALONLYMODE
SuccessfullyaccumulatednecessaryOCRkeys.
CreatingOCRkeysforuser'root',privgrp'root'..
Operationsuccessful.
CRS-4664:Nodedgsuccessfullypinned.
AddingClusterwareentriestoinittab
dg 2012/07/1815:51:44
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cdata/dg/backup_20120718_155144.olr
SuccessfullyconfiguredOracleGridInfrastructureforaStandalone
Server
[root@dg~]#
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⑬ 最后，完成 GRID 的安装。
2 9.2 安装 e Oracle 软件：
① 以 oracle 用户登录图形界面，执行/home/oracle/database/runInstaller,进入 OUI 的图形
安装界面：
② 进入 OUI 安装界面后，选择跳过软件更新，Next：
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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③ 选择第 2 项，只安装 oracle 软件，Next：
④ 选择第 1 项，安装单实例，Next：
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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⑤ 语言选择默认，English，Next：
⑥ 选择第 1 项，安装企业版软件，Next：
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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⑦ 选择 oracle 软件的安装路径：
⑧ 选择 oracle 用户组，Next：
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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⑨ 执行安装前的预检查：
这里，指出 oracle 用户要属于 dba 组，按照提示解决，Next
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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⑩ 安装概要信息，Install：
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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⑪ 根据提示以 root 用户执行脚本，Next：
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[root@dg~]#/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
PerformingrootuseroperationforOracle11g
Thefollowingenvironmentvariablesaresetas:
ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
Enterthefullpathnameofthelocalbindirectory:[/usr/local/bin]:
Thecontentsof"dbhome"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.
Thecontentsof"oraenv"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.
Thecontentsof"coraenv"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.
Entrieswillbeaddedtothe/etc/oratabfileasneededby
DatabaseConfigurationAssistantwhenadatabaseiscreated
Finishedrunninggenericpartofrootscript.
Nowproduct-specificrootactionswillbeperformed.
Finishedproduct-specificrootactions.
[root@dg~]#
最后，完成 oracle 软件的安装。
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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0 10 RAC 主库配置单实例 e Active Dataguard
1 10.1 RAC 主库准备工作
① RAC 主库必须置为归档模式：
SQL>selectopen_modefromv$database;
OPEN_MODE
--------------------
MOUNTED
SQL>selectopen_mode,log_modefromv$database;
OPEN_MODE LOG_MODE
--------------------------------
MOUNTED NOARCHIVELOG
SQL>alterdatabasearchivelog;
Databasealtered.
SQL>selectopen_mode,log_modefromv$database;
OPEN_MODE LOG_MODE
--------------------------------
MOUNTED ARCHIVELOG
SQL>shutdownimmediate;
ORA-01109:databasenotopen
Databasedismounted.
ORACLEinstanceshutdown.
SQL>
② RAC 主库必须置为 Force Logging 模式：
SQL>selectname,log_mode,force_loggingfromgv$database;
NAME LOG_MODE FOR
------------------------
DEVDB NOARCHIVELOGNO
DEVDB NOARCHIVELOGNO
SQL>alterdatabaseforcelogging;
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Databasealtered.
SQL>selectname,log_mode,force_loggingfromgv$database;
NAME LOG_MODE FOR
------------------------
DEVDB NOARCHIVELOGYES
DEVDB NOARCHIVELOGYES
SQL>
③ RAC 主库执行 RMAN 全备：
RMAN>run{
2>allocatechannelc1typedisk;
3>allocatechannelc2typedisk;
4>allocatechannelc3typedisk;
5>allocatechannelc4typedisk;
6>backupdatabaseformat'/rman_backup/Full_%U.bak';
7>releasechannelc1;
8>releasechannelc2;
9>releasechannelc3;
10>releasechannelc4;
11>}
releasedchannel:ORA_DISK_1
allocatedchannel:c1
channelc1:SID=30instance=devdb1devicetype=DISK
allocatedchannel:c2
channelc2:SID=157instance=devdb1devicetype=DISK
allocatedchannel:c3
channelc3:SID=31instance=devdb1devicetype=DISK
allocatedchannel:c4
channelc4:SID=158instance=devdb1devicetype=DISK
Startingbackupat2012/11/1015:08:53
channelc1:startingfulldatafilebackupset
channelc1:specifyingdatafile(s)inbackupset
inputdatafilefilenumber=00002
name=+DATA/devdb/datafile/sysaux.257.788218297
inputdatafilefilenumber=00004
name=+DATA/devdb/datafile/users.259.788218299
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channelc1:startingpiece1at2012/11/1015:08:55
channelc2:startingfulldatafilebackupset
channelc2:specifyingdatafile(s)inbackupset
inputdatafilefilenumber=00001
name=+DATA/devdb/datafile/system.256.788218297
inputdatafilefilenumber=00003
name=+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.788218299
channelc2:startingpiece1at2012/11/1015:08:55
channelc3:startingfulldatafilebackupset
channelc3:specifyingdatafile(s)inbackupset
inputdatafilefilenumber=00005
name=+DATA/devdb/datafile/example.264.788218431
inputdatafilefilenumber=00006
name=+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs2.265.788218695
channelc3:startingpiece1at2012/11/1015:08:57
channelc4:startingfulldatafilebackupset
channelc4:specifyingdatafile(s)inbackupset
channelc1:finishedpiece1at2012/11/1015:09:24
piece handle=/rman_backup/Full_0anpvcs7_1_1.bak tag=TAG20121110T150854
comment=NONE
channelc1:backupsetcomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:29
channelc1:startingfulldatafilebackupset
channelc1:specifyingdatafile(s)inbackupset
includingcurrentSPFILEinbackupset
channelc1:startingpiece1at2012/11/1015:09:24
channelc2:finishedpiece1at2012/11/1015:09:24
piece handle=/rman_backup/Full_0bnpvcs7_1_1.bak tag=TAG20121110T150854
comment=NONE
channelc2:backupsetcomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:29
channelc3:finishedpiece1at2012/11/1015:09:24
piece handle=/rman_backup/Full_0cnpvcs7_1_1.bak tag=TAG20121110T150854
comment=NONE
channelc3:backupsetcomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:27
includingcurrentcontrolfileinbackupset
channelc4:startingpiece1at2012/11/1015:09:25
channelc1:finishedpiece1at2012/11/1015:09:26
piece handle=/rman_backup/Full_0enpvct4_1_1.bak tag=TAG20121110T150854
comment=NONE
channelc1:backupsetcomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:02
channelc4:finishedpiece1at2012/11/1015:09:26
piece handle=/rman_backup/Full_0dnpvcsb_1_1.bak tag=TAG20121110T150854
comment=NONE
channelc4:backupsetcomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:01
Finishedbackupat2012/11/1015:09:26
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releasedchannel:c1
releasedchannel:c2
releasedchannel:c3
releasedchannel:c4
RMAN>
RMAN>backuparchivelogallformat'/rman_backup/ARC_%U.bak';
Startingbackupat2012/11/1015:11:00
currentlogarchived
allocatedchannel:ORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1:SID=30instance=devdb1devicetype=DISK
channelORA_DISK_1:startingarchivedlogbackupset
channelORA_DISK_1:specifyingarchivedlog(s)inbackupset
inputarchivedlogthread=2sequence=64RECID=8STAMP=798995461
inputarchivedlogthread=1sequence=86RECID=7STAMP=798995460
channelORA_DISK_1:startingpiece1at2012/11/1015:11:02
channelORA_DISK_1:finishedpiece1at2012/11/1015:11:03
piecehandle=/rman_backup/ARC_0fnpvd06_1_1.baktag=TAG20121110T151102
comment=NONE
channelORA_DISK_1:backupsetcomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:01
Finishedbackupat2012/11/1015:11:03
RMAN>
④ RAC 主库执行创建物理备库控制文件：
RMAN>backupdevicetypediskformat'/rman_backup/standby_%U.ctl'
currentcontrolfileforstandby;
Startingbackupat2012/11/1015:14:12
usingchannelORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1:startingfulldatafilebackupset
channelORA_DISK_1:specifyingdatafile(s)inbackupset
includingstandbycontrolfileinbackupset
channelORA_DISK_1:startingpiece1at2012/11/1015:14:14
channelORA_DISK_1:finishedpiece1at2012/11/1015:14:15
piecehandle=/rman_backup/standby_0gnpvd65_1_1.ctl
tag=TAG20121110T151412comment=NONE
channelORA_DISK_1:backupsetcomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:01
Finishedbackupat2012/11/1015:14:15
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RMAN>
⑤ RAC 主库创建物理备库初始化参数文件：
node1->sqlplus
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.3.0ProductiononSatNov1015:16:302012
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracle. Allrightsreserved.
Connectedto:
OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.3.0-64bit
Production
WiththePartitioning,RealApplicationClusters,AutomaticStorage
Management,OLAP,
DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptions
SQL>showparameterspfile;
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
spfile string
+DATA/devdb/spfiledevdb.ora
SQL>createpfile='/rman_backup/initphydb.ora'fromspfile;
Filecreated.
SQL>
⑥ RAC 主库修改口令文件，使双节点 SYS用户口令一致：
2 10.2 物理备库准备工作
① FTP 主库备份文件+备库控制文件+备库参数文件至物理备库服务器：
node1->cd/rman_backup/
node1->ll
total1552496
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 3350016 Nov10 15:11 ARC_0fnpvd06_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 812523520 Nov 10 15:09 Full_0anpvcs7_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 658538496 Nov 10 15:09 Full_0bnpvcs7_1_1.bak
-rw-r-----1oracleasmadmin 76546048Nov1015:09
Full_0cnpvcs7_1_1.bak
-rw-r-----1oracleasmadmin 18546688Nov1015:09
Full_0dnpvcsb_1_1.bak
-rw-r-----1oracleasmadmin 98304Nov1015:09
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Full_0enpvct4_1_1.bak
-rw-r--r--1oracleasmadmin 1380Nov1015:17initphydb.ora
drwx------2oracleoinstall 16384Nov1014:19lost+found
-rw-r-----1oracleasmadmin 18546688Nov1015:14
standby_0gnpvd65_1_1.ctl
node1->scp/rman_backup/Full_0*.bak172.16.0.212:/rman_backup/
Theauthenticityofhost'172.16.0.212(172.16.0.212)'can'tbe
established.
RSA key fingerprint is 60:4b:e6:e1:29:4c:7b:7c:17:30:c3:3c:57:99:a5:d3.
Areyousureyouwanttocontinueconnecting(yes/no)?yes
Warning:Permanentlyadded'172.16.0.212'(RSA)tothelistofknown
hosts.
oracle@172.16.0.212'spassword:
Full_0anpvcs7_1_1.bak 100% 775MB
20.9MB/s 00:37
Full_0bnpvcs7_1_1.bak 100% 628MB
19.0MB/s 00:33
Full_0cnpvcs7_1_1.bak 100% 73MB
18.3MB/s 00:04
Full_0dnpvcsb_1_1.bak 100% 18MB
17.7MB/s 00:01
Full_0enpvct4_1_1.bak 100% 96KB
96.0KB/s 00:00
node1->scp/rman_backup/ARC_0fnpvd06_1_1.bak
172.16.0.212:/rman_backup/
oracle@172.16.0.212'spassword:
ARC_0fnpvd06_1_1.bak 100%3272KB
3.2MB/s 00:00
node1->scp/rman_backup/initphydb.ora172.16.0.212:/rman_backup/
oracle@172.16.0.212'spassword:
initphydb.ora 100%1380
1.4KB/s 00:00
node1->scp/rman_backup/standby_0gnpvd65_1_1.ctl
172.16.0.212:/rman_backup/
oracle@172.16.0.212'spassword:
standby_0gnpvd65_1_1.ctl 100% 18MB
17.7MB/s 00:01
node1->
② 物理备库创建口令文件：
③ 物理备库初始化参数文件修改：
dg->cat/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initphydb.ora
phydb.__db_cache_size=255852544
phydb.__java_pool_size=4194304
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phydb.__large_pool_size=4194304
phydb.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
phydb.__pga_aggregate_target=419430400
phydb.__sga_target=423624704
phydb.__shared_io_pool_size=0
phydb.__shared_pool_size=146800640
phydb.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/phydb/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.cluster_database=false
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='+DATA/phydb/controlfile/cont.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/phydb/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='+DATA'
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_name_convert='+DATA/devdb/','+DATA/phydb/'
*.db_name='devdb'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='+FLASH'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032
*.db_unique_name='phydb'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP)(SERVICE=phydbXDB)'
*.fal_client='phydb'
*.fal_server='devdb1','devdb2'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(devdb,phydb)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles)db_unique_name=phydb'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=devdb1
valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role)db_unique_name=devdb'
*.log_archive_format='ARC_%t_%S_%r.arc'
*.log_file_name_convert='+DATA/devdb/','+DATA/phydb/'
*.memory_target=842006528
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.service_names='phydb'
*.standby_file_management='auto'
*.thread=1
*.undo_management='auto'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
dg->
④ 配置 RAC 主库，物理备库的 tnsnames.ora 文件：
DEVDB=
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(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = scan-cluster.localdomain)(PORT =
1521))
(CONNECT_DATA=
(SERVER=DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME=devdb)
)
)
devdb1=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.0.193)(PORT=1521))
(CONNECT_DATA=
(SERVER=DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME=devdb)
(INSTANCE_NAME=devdb1)
)
)
devdb2=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.0.194)(PORT=1521))
(CONNECT_DATA=
(SERVER=DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME=devdb)
(INSTANCE_NAME=devdb2)
)
)
phydb=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.0.212)(PORT=1521))
(CONNECT_DATA=
(SERVER=DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME=phydb)
)
)
3 10.3 创建物理备库
① 物理备库启动 NOMOUNT 状态：
dg->env|grepORA
ORACLE_UNQNAME=phydb
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ORACLE_SID=phydb
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=dg.localdomain
ORACLE_TERM=xterm
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
dg->sqlplus
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.3.0ProductiononThuNov1519:03:322012
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracle. Allrightsreserved.
Connectedtoanidleinstance.
SQL>startupnomount;
ORACLEinstancestarted.
TotalSystemGlobalArea 839282688bytes
FixedSize 2233000bytes
VariableSize 574623064bytes
DatabaseBuffers 255852544bytes
RedoBuffers 6574080bytes
SQL>!
dg->ps-ef|grepora_
oracle 4158 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_pmon_phydb
oracle 4160 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_psp0_phydb
oracle 4163 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_vktm_phydb
oracle 4167 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_gen0_phydb
oracle 4169 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_diag_phydb
oracle 4171 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_dbrm_phydb
oracle 4173 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_dia0_phydb
oracle 4175 11419:03? 00:00:01ora_mman_phydb
oracle 4177 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_dbw0_phydb
oracle 4179 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_lgwr_phydb
oracle 4181 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_ckpt_phydb
oracle 4183 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_smon_phydb
oracle 4185 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_reco_phydb
oracle 4187 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_rbal_phydb
oracle 4189 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_asmb_phydb
oracle 4191 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_mmon_phydb
oracle 4193 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_mmnl_phydb
oracle 4195 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_d000_phydb
oracle 4197 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_s000_phydb
oracle 4226 1 119:03? 00:00:00ora_mark_phydb
oracle 4233 1 019:03? 00:00:00ora_ocf0_phydb
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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oracle 4295 4268 019:03pts/2 00:00:00grepora_
dg->exit
exit
SQL>exit
② RMAN 恢复备库控制文件：
dg->rman
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Nov15 19:04:10
2012
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates. Allrights
reserved.
connectedtotargetdatabase:DEVDB(notmounted)
RMAN>restorestandbycontrolfilefrom
'/rman_backup/standby_0gnpvd65_1_1.ctl';
Startingrestoreat2012/11/1519:04:43
usingtargetdatabasecontrolfileinsteadofrecoverycatalog
allocatedchannel:ORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1:SID=136devicetype=DISK
channelORA_DISK_1:restoringcontrolfile
channelORA_DISK_1:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:08
outputfilename=+DATA/phydb/controlfile/cont.ctl
Finishedrestoreat2012/11/1519:04:53
RMAN>
③ MOUNT 物理备库：
dg->sqlplus
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.3.0ProductiononThuNov1519:08:232012
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracle. Allrightsreserved.
Connectedto:
OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.3.0-64bit
Production
WiththePartitioning,OLAP,DataMiningandRealApplicationTesting
options
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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SQL>selectopen_modefromv$database;
selectopen_modefromv$database
*
ERRORatline1:
ORA-01507:databasenotmounted
SQL>alterdatabasemount;
Databasealtered.
SQL>
④ RMAN restore物理备库：
RMAN>run
2>{allocatechannelc2typedisk;
3>allocatechannelc1typedisk;
4>allocatechannelc3typedisk;
5>allocatechannelc4typedisk;
6>restoredatabase;
7>releasechannelc1;
8>releasechannelc2;
9>releasechannelc3;
10>releasechannelc4;
11>}
usingtargetdatabasecontrolfileinsteadofrecoverycatalog
allocatedchannel:c2
channelc2:SID=125devicetype=DISK
allocatedchannel:c1
channelc1:SID=16devicetype=DISK
allocatedchannel:c3
channelc3:SID=142devicetype=DISK
allocatedchannel:c4
channelc4:SID=17devicetype=DISK
Startingrestoreat2012/11/1519:10:59
Startingimplicitcrosscheckbackupat2012/11/1519:10:59
Crosschecked6objects
Finishedimplicitcrosscheckbackupat2012/11/1519:11:02
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Startingimplicitcrosscheckcopyat2012/11/1519:11:02
Finishedimplicitcrosscheckcopyat2012/11/1519:11:02
searchingforallfilesintherecoveryarea
catalogingfiles...
nofilescataloged
channelc2:startingdatafilebackupsetrestore
channelc2:specifyingdatafile(s)torestorefrombackupset
channelc2:restoringdatafile00001to
+DATA/phydb/datafile/system.256.788218297
channelc2:restoringdatafile00003to
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs1.258.788218299
channel c2: reading from backup piece /rman_backup/Full_0bnpvcs7_1_1.bak
channelc1:startingdatafilebackupsetrestore
channelc1:specifyingdatafile(s)torestorefrombackupset
channelc1:restoringdatafile00002to
+DATA/phydb/datafile/sysaux.257.788218297
channelc1:restoringdatafile00004to
+DATA/phydb/datafile/users.259.788218299
channel c1: reading from backup piece /rman_backup/Full_0anpvcs7_1_1.bak
channelc3:startingdatafilebackupsetrestore
channelc3:specifyingdatafile(s)torestorefrombackupset
channelc3:restoringdatafile00005to
+DATA/phydb/datafile/example.264.788218431
channelc3:restoringdatafile00006to
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs2.265.788218695
channel c3: reading from backup piece /rman_backup/Full_0cnpvcs7_1_1.bak
channelc3:piecehandle=/rman_backup/Full_0cnpvcs7_1_1.bak
tag=TAG20121110T150854
channelc3:restoredbackuppiece1
channelc3:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:07:26
channelc2:piecehandle=/rman_backup/Full_0bnpvcs7_1_1.bak
tag=TAG20121110T150854
channelc2:restoredbackuppiece1
channelc2:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:08:46
channelc1:piecehandle=/rman_backup/Full_0anpvcs7_1_1.bak
tag=TAG20121110T150854
channelc1:restoredbackuppiece1
channelc1:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:09:36
Finishedrestoreat2012/11/1519:20:42
releasedchannel:c1
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releasedchannel:c2
releasedchannel:c3
releasedchannel:c4
RMAN>
⑤备库上创建 standby logfile：
SQL>select*fromv$standby_log;
norowsselected
SQL> alter databaseadd standby logfile thread 1 group 5 size 50m,group
6size50m,group7size50m;
Databasealtered.
SQL>
SQL> alter databaseadd standby logfile thread 2 group 8 size 50m,group
9size50m,group10size50m;
Databasealtered.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>select*fromv$standby_log;
GROUP#DBID THREAD#
SEQUENCE#
------------------------------------------------------------
----------
BYTES BLOCKSIZE USEDARCSTATUS FIRST_CHANGE#
--------------------------------------------------------
FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE#NEXT_TIME LAST_CHANGE#
--------------------------------------------------------------
LAST_TIME
-------------------
5UNASSIGNED 1
0
52428800 512 0YESUNASSIGNED
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GROUP#DBID THREAD#
SEQUENCE#
------------------------------------------------------------
----------
BYTES BLOCKSIZE USEDARCSTATUS FIRST_CHANGE#
--------------------------------------------------------
FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE#NEXT_TIME LAST_CHANGE#
--------------------------------------------------------------
LAST_TIME
-------------------
6UNASSIGNED 1
0
52428800 512 0YESUNASSIGNED
GROUP#DBID THREAD#
SEQUENCE#
------------------------------------------------------------
----------
BYTES BLOCKSIZE USEDARCSTATUS FIRST_CHANGE#
--------------------------------------------------------
FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE#NEXT_TIME LAST_CHANGE#
--------------------------------------------------------------
LAST_TIME
-------------------
7UNASSIGNED 1
0
52428800 512 0YESUNASSIGNED
GROUP#DBID THREAD#
SEQUENCE#
------------------------------------------------------------
----------
BYTES BLOCKSIZE USEDARCSTATUS FIRST_CHANGE#
--------------------------------------------------------
FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE#NEXT_TIME LAST_CHANGE#
--------------------------------------------------------------
LAST_TIME
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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-------------------
8UNASSIGNED 2
0
52428800 512 0YESUNASSIGNED
GROUP#DBID THREAD#
SEQUENCE#
------------------------------------------------------------
----------
BYTES BLOCKSIZE USEDARCSTATUS FIRST_CHANGE#
--------------------------------------------------------
FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE#NEXT_TIME LAST_CHANGE#
--------------------------------------------------------------
LAST_TIME
-------------------
9UNASSIGNED 2
0
52428800 512 0YESUNASSIGNED
GROUP#DBID THREAD#
SEQUENCE#
------------------------------------------------------------
----------
BYTES BLOCKSIZE USEDARCSTATUS FIRST_CHANGE#
--------------------------------------------------------
FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE#NEXT_TIME LAST_CHANGE#
--------------------------------------------------------------
LAST_TIME
-------------------
10UNASSIGNED 2
0
52428800 512 0YESUNASSIGNED
6rowsselected.
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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SQL>select*fromv$logfile;
GROUP#STATUS TYPE MEMBER
IS_
---------- ------- ------- ---------------------------------------- ---
2 ONLINE +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_2.262.788218
NO
415
2 ONLINE +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.78821
NO
8415
1 ONLINE +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_1.261.788218
NO
413
1 ONLINE +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.78821
NO
8413
GROUP#STATUS TYPE MEMBER
IS_
---------- ------- ------- ---------------------------------------- ---
3 ONLINE +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_3.266.788218
NO
805
3 ONLINE +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_3.259.78821
NO
8805
4 ONLINE +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_4.267.788218
NO
805
4 ONLINE +FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_4.260.78821
NO
GROUP#STATUS TYPE MEMBER
IS_
---------- ------- ------- ---------------------------------------- ---
8807
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5 STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_5.263.799443 NO
149
5 STANDBY+FLASH/phydb/onlinelog/group_5.256.79944
YES
3163
6 STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_6.264.799443 NO
165
GROUP#STATUS TYPE MEMBER
IS_
---------- ------- ------- ---------------------------------------- ---
6 STANDBY+FLASH/phydb/onlinelog/group_6.257.79944
YES
3181
7 STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_7.265.799443 NO
183
7 STANDBY+FLASH/phydb/onlinelog/group_7.258.79944
YES
3199
8 STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_8.266.799443 NO
297
GROUP#STATUS TYPE MEMBER
IS_
---------- ------- ------- ---------------------------------------- ---
8 STANDBY+FLASH/phydb/onlinelog/group_8.259.79944
YES
3309
9 STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_9.267.799443 NO
311
9 STANDBY+FLASH/phydb/onlinelog/group_9.260.79944
YES
3327
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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10 STANDBY +DATA/phydb/onlinelog/group_10.268.79944 NO
GROUP#STATUS TYPE MEMBER
IS_
---------- ------- ------- ---------------------------------------- ---
3329
10 STANDBY+FLASH/phydb/onlinelog/group_10.261.7994
YES
43345
20rowsselected.
SQL>
⑥ 主库参数调整：
SQL>showparameterspfile;
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
spfile string
+DATA/devdb/spfiledevdb.ora
SQL>showparameterlog_arch
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_config string
log_archive_dest string
log_archive_dest_1 string
log_archive_dest_10 string
log_archive_dest_11 string
log_archive_dest_12 string
log_archive_dest_13 string
log_archive_dest_14 string
log_archive_dest_15 string
log_archive_dest_16 string
log_archive_dest_17 string
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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log_archive_dest_18 string
log_archive_dest_19 string
log_archive_dest_2 string
log_archive_dest_20 string
log_archive_dest_21 string
log_archive_dest_22 string
log_archive_dest_23 string
log_archive_dest_24 string
log_archive_dest_25 string
log_archive_dest_26 string
log_archive_dest_27 string
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_dest_28 string
log_archive_dest_29 string
log_archive_dest_3 string
log_archive_dest_30 string
log_archive_dest_31 string
log_archive_dest_4 string
log_archive_dest_5 string
log_archive_dest_6 string
log_archive_dest_7 string
log_archive_dest_8 string
log_archive_dest_9 string
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_1 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_10 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_11 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_12 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_13 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_14 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_15 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_16 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_17 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_18 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_19 string enable
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_2 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_20 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_21 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_22 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_23 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_24 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_25 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_26 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_27 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_28 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_29 string enable
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_3 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_30 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_31 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_4 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_5 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_6 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_7 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_8 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_9 string enable
log_archive_duplex_dest string
log_archive_format string %t_%s_%r.dbf
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_local_first boolean TRUE
log_archive_max_processes integer 4
log_archive_min_succeed_dest integer 1
log_archive_start boolean FALSE
log_archive_trace integer 0
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>altersystemsetlog_archive_dest_2='service=phydblgwrsync
valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role)db_unique_name=phydb'
sid='*';
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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Systemaltered.
SQL>showparameterlog_arch
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_config string
log_archive_dest string
log_archive_dest_1 string
log_archive_dest_10 string
log_archive_dest_11 string
log_archive_dest_12 string
log_archive_dest_13 string
log_archive_dest_14 string
log_archive_dest_15 string
log_archive_dest_16 string
log_archive_dest_17 string
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_dest_18 string
log_archive_dest_19 string
log_archive_dest_2 string service=phydblgwr
syncvalid_
for=(online_logfiles,primary_r
ole)
db_unique_name=phydb
log_archive_dest_20 string
log_archive_dest_21 string
log_archive_dest_22 string
log_archive_dest_23 string
log_archive_dest_24 string
log_archive_dest_25 string
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_dest_26 string
log_archive_dest_27 string
log_archive_dest_28 string
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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log_archive_dest_29 string
log_archive_dest_3 string
log_archive_dest_30 string
log_archive_dest_31 string
log_archive_dest_4 string
log_archive_dest_5 string
log_archive_dest_6 string
log_archive_dest_7 string
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_dest_8 string
log_archive_dest_9 string
log_archive_dest_state_1 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_10 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_11 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_12 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_13 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_14 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_15 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_16 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_17 string enable
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_18 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_19 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_2 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_20 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_21 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_22 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_23 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_24 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_25 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_26 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_27 string enable
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_28 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_29 string enable
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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log_archive_dest_state_3 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_30 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_31 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_4 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_5 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_6 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_7 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_8 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_9 string enable
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_duplex_dest string
log_archive_format string %t_%s_%r.dbf
log_archive_local_first boolean TRUE
log_archive_max_processes integer 4
log_archive_min_succeed_dest integer 1
log_archive_start boolean FALSE
log_archive_trace integer 0
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>altersystemsetlog_archive_config='dg_config=(devdb,phydb)'
sid='*';
Systemaltered.
SQL>showparameterlog_arch
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_config string
dg_config=(devdb,phydb)
log_archive_dest string
log_archive_dest_1 string
log_archive_dest_10 string
log_archive_dest_11 string
log_archive_dest_12 string
log_archive_dest_13 string
log_archive_dest_14 string
log_archive_dest_15 string
log_archive_dest_16 string
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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log_archive_dest_17 string
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_dest_18 string
log_archive_dest_19 string
log_archive_dest_2 string service=phydblgwr
syncvalid_
for=(online_logfiles,primary_r
ole)
db_unique_name=phydb
log_archive_dest_20 string
log_archive_dest_21 string
log_archive_dest_22 string
log_archive_dest_23 string
log_archive_dest_24 string
log_archive_dest_25 string
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_dest_26 string
log_archive_dest_27 string
log_archive_dest_28 string
log_archive_dest_29 string
log_archive_dest_3 string
log_archive_dest_30 string
log_archive_dest_31 string
log_archive_dest_4 string
log_archive_dest_5 string
log_archive_dest_6 string
log_archive_dest_7 string
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_dest_8 string
log_archive_dest_9 string
log_archive_dest_state_1 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_10 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_11 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_12 string enable
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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log_archive_dest_state_13 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_14 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_15 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_16 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_17 string enable
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_18 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_19 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_2 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_20 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_21 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_22 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_23 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_24 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_25 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_26 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_27 string enable
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_dest_state_28 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_29 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_3 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_30 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_31 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_4 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_5 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_6 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_7 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_8 string enable
log_archive_dest_state_9 string enable
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_archive_duplex_dest string
log_archive_format string %t_%s_%r.dbf
log_archive_local_first boolean TRUE
log_archive_max_processes integer 4
log_archive_min_succeed_dest integer 1
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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log_archive_start boolean FALSE
log_archive_trace integer 0
SQL>
⑦ 备库接收主库日志：
SQL>selectsequence#,name,appliedfromv$archived_log;
SEQUENCE#NAME
APPLIED
----------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
----------
88
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_88.264.799449185
NO
89
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_89.263.799449185
NO
87
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_87.262.799449185
NO
67
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_67.267.799449909
NO
65
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_65.265.799449909
NO
66
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_66.266.799449909
NO
68
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_68.268.799449911
NO
69
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_69.269.799450129
NO
90
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_90.270.799450333
NO
9rowsselected.
SQL>
在这里有可能遇到备库无法顺利接收主库日志，例如，从 RAC 主库第 2 个节点的 alert
日志文件中：
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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node2->tail-falert_devdb2.log
------------------------------------------------------------
Checkthattheprimaryandstandbyareusingapasswordfile
andremote_login_passwordfileissettoSHAREDorEXCLUSIVE,
andthattheSYSpasswordissameinthepasswordfiles.
returningerrorORA-16191
------------------------------------------------------------
PING[ARC2]:Heartbeatfailedtoconnecttostandby'phydb'.Erroris
16191.
ThuNov1521:24:062012
Error1031receivedloggingontothestandby
PING[ARC2]: Heartbeat failed to connect to standby 'phydb'. Error is 1031.
ThuNov1521:28:442012
******************************************************************
LGWR:Setting'active'archivalfordestinationLOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2
说明，节点 2无法将归档日志传递到备库。
原因：节点 2的 SYS 用户口令同备库的 SYS 口令不一致。
解决：调整节点 2的 SYS 用户口令，或者重新配置口令文件。
⑧备库开始应用日志：
SQL>alterdatabaserecovermanagedstandbydatabaseusingcurrent
logfiledisconnectfromsession;
Databasealtered.
SQL>
过几分钟后：
SQL>selectsequence#,name,appliedfromv$archived_log;
SEQUENCE#NAME
APPLIED
----------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
----------
88
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_88.264.799449185
YES
89
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_89.263.799449185
YES
87
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_87.262.799449185
YES
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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67
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_67.267.799449909
YES
65
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_65.265.799449909
YES
66
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_66.266.799449909
YES
68
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_68.268.799449911
YES
69
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_69.269.799450129
NO
90
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_90.270.799450333
YES
86
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_86.275.799450669
YES
64
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_64.276.799450671
YES
11rowsselected.
SQL>
⑨ 备库以 READONLY 方式打开：
SQL>select
dbid,name,switchover_status,db_unique_name,database_role,open_mode,cu
rrent_scnfromv$database;
DBIDNAME
SWITCHOVER_STATUS DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE
OPEN_MODE CURRENT_SCN
----------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------
692948393DEVDB
NOTALLOWED phydb PHYSICALSTANDBY
MOUNTED6515016
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
SQL>alterdatabaseopen;
alterdatabaseopen
*
ERRORatline1:
ORA-10456: cannot open standby database; media recovery session may be
inprogress
SQL>alterdatabaserecovermanagedstandbydatabasecancel;
Databasealtered.
SQL>alterdatabaseopen;
Databasealtered.
SQL>select
dbid,name,switchover_status,db_unique_name,database_role,open_mode,cu
rrent_scnfromv$database;
DBIDNAME
SWITCHOVER_STATUS DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE
OPEN_MODE CURRENT_SCN
----------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB
NOTALLOWED phydb PHYSICALSTANDBY
READONLY6515016
SQL>alterdatabaserecovermanagedstandbydatabaseusingcurrent
logfiledisconnectfromsession;
Databasealtered.
SQL>select
dbid,name,switchover_status,db_unique_name,database_role,open_mode,cu
rrent_scnfromv$database;
DBIDNAME
SWITCHOVER_STATUS DB_UNIQUE_NAME DATABASE_ROLE
OPEN_MODE CURRENT_SCN
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
----------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB
NOTALLOWED phydb PHYSICALSTANDBY
READONLYWITHAPPLY6515016
SQL>selectsequence#,name,appliedfromv$archived_log;
SEQUENCE#NAME
APPLIED
----------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
----------
88
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_88.264.799449185
YES
89
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_89.263.799449185
YES
87
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_87.262.799449185
YES
67
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_67.267.799449909
YES
65
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_65.265.799449909
YES
66
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_66.266.799449909
YES
68
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_68.268.799449911
YES
69
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_69.269.799450129
NO
90
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_90.270.799450333
YES
86
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_1_seq_86.275.799450669
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
YES
64
+FLASH/phydb/archivelog/2012_11_15/thread_2_seq_64.276.799450671
YES
11rowsselected.
SQL>
至此，我们已经顺利的给 RAC 主库配置 Active Physical Dataguard 成功！
1 11 测试物理备库功能
1 11.1 测试文件同步
① 主库查看表空间信息：
[root@node1~]#su-oracle
node1->sqlplus
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.3.0ProductiononSunNov1810:32:062012
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracle. Allrightsreserved.
Connectedto:
OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.3.0-64bit
Production
WiththePartitioning,RealApplicationClusters,AutomaticStorage
Management,OLAP,
DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptions
SQL>setline200
SQL>colfile_namefora60
SQL>selectfile_name,tablespace_namefromdba_data_files;
FILE_NAME
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------
+DATA/devdb/datafile/users.259.788218299 USERS
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.788218299 UNDOTBS1
+DATA/devdb/datafile/sysaux.257.788218297 SYSAUX
+DATA/devdb/datafile/system.256.788218297 SYSTEM
+DATA/devdb/datafile/example.264.788218431 EXAMPLE
+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs2.265.788218695 UNDOTBS2
6rowsselected.
SQL>
② 查看物理备库表空间信息：
[root@dg~]#su-oracle
dg->sqlplus
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.3.0ProductiononSunNov1810:36:482012
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracle. Allrightsreserved.
Connectedto:
OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.3.0-64bit
Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic StorageManagement, OLAP, Data Mining
andRealApplicationTestingoptions
SQL>colfile_namefora60
SQL>setline200
SQL>selectfile_name,tablespace_namefromdba_data_files;
FILE_NAME
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------
+DATA/phydb/datafile/users.262.799441871 USERS
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs1.261.799441871 UNDOTBS1
+DATA/phydb/datafile/sysaux.258.799441867 SYSAUX
+DATA/phydb/datafile/system.257.799441867 SYSTEM
+DATA/phydb/datafile/example.259.799441867 EXAMPLE
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs2.260.799441869 UNDOTBS2
6rowsselected.
SQL>
③ 主库创建测试表空间：
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
SQL>createtablespacedg_tbsdatafilesize5m;
Tablespacecreated.
SQL>selectfile_name,tablespace_name,bytes/1024/1024Mfrom
dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME
TABLESPACE_NAME M
------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------
+DATA/devdb/datafile/users.259.788218299 USERS 5
+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.788218299 UNDOTBS1
24
+DATA/devdb/datafile/sysaux.257.788218297 SYSAUX
1056
+DATA/devdb/datafile/system.256.788218297 SYSTEM
740
+DATA/devdb/datafile/example.264.788218431 EXAMPLE
313
+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs2.265.788218695 UNDOTBS2
240
+DATA/devdb/datafile/dg_tbs.269.799670501 DG_TBS5
7rowsselected.
SQL>
④ 查看物理备库表空间信息是否同步：
SQL>selectfile_name,tablespace_namefromdba_data_files;
FILE_NAME
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------
+DATA/phydb/datafile/users.262.799441871 USERS
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs1.261.799441871 UNDOTBS1
+DATA/phydb/datafile/sysaux.258.799441867 SYSAUX
+DATA/phydb/datafile/system.257.799441867 SYSTEM
+DATA/phydb/datafile/example.259.799441867 EXAMPLE
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs2.260.799441869 UNDOTBS2
+DATA/phydb/datafile/dg_tbs.274.799670501 DG_TBS5
7rowsselected.
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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SQL>
⑤ 主库删除表空间：
SQL>droptablespacedg_tbsincludingcontentsanddatafiles;
Tablespacedropped.
SQL>selectfile_name,tablespace_name,bytes/1024/1024Mfrom
dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME
TABLESPACE_NAME M
------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------
+DATA/devdb/datafile/users.259.788218299 USERS 5
+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.788218299 UNDOTBS1
24
+DATA/devdb/datafile/sysaux.257.788218297 SYSAUX
1056
+DATA/devdb/datafile/system.256.788218297 SYSTEM
740
+DATA/devdb/datafile/example.264.788218431 EXAMPLE
313
+DATA/devdb/datafile/undotbs2.265.788218695 UNDOTBS2
240
6rowsselected.
SQL>
⑥ 再次查看物理备库表空间是否同步：
SQL>selectfile_name,tablespace_namefromdba_data_files;
FILE_NAME
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------
+DATA/phydb/datafile/users.262.799441871 USERS
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs1.261.799441871 UNDOTBS1
+DATA/phydb/datafile/sysaux.258.799441867 SYSAUX
+DATA/phydb/datafile/system.257.799441867 SYSTEM
+DATA/phydb/datafile/example.259.799441867 EXAMPLE
+DATA/phydb/datafile/undotbs2.260.799441869 UNDOTBS2
6rowsselected.
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
SQL>
2 11.2 测试数据同步
① 主库创建测试表：
② 备库查看测试表同步：
2 12 测试 DATAGUARD SWITCHOVER 功能
1 12.1 RAC 主库、 e Active d Dataguard 角色切换
即，将 RAC 主库切换为物理备库，物理备库切换为主库。
① 主库修改相关参数 fal_client、fal_server：
修改前：
SQL>showparameterspfile;
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
spfile string
+DATA/devdb/spfiledevdb.ora
SQL>showparameterfal
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
fal_client string
fal_server string
SQL>
修改：
SQL>altersystemsetfal_client='devdb1'sid='devdb1';
Systemaltered.
SQL>altersystemsetfal_client='devdb2'sid='devdb2';
Systemaltered.
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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SQL>altersystemsetfal_server='phydb'sid='*';
Systemaltered.
SQL>showparameterfal
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
fal_client string devdb1
fal_server string phydb
SQL>
节点 2 修改后：
SQL>showparameterspfile;
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
spfile string
+DATA/devdb/spfiledevdb.ora
SQL>showparameterfal
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
fal_client string devdb2
fal_server string phydb
SQL>showparameterinstance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
instance_name string devdb2
SQL>
② 主库创建 standby logfile：
创建前：
[root@node1~]#su-oracle
snode1->sqlplus
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.3.0ProductiononSunNov1812:03:462012
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracle. Allrightsreserved.
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
Connectedto:
OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.3.0-64bit
Production
WiththePartitioning,RealApplicationClusters,AutomaticStorage
Management,OLAP,
DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptions
SQL>showparameterspfile;
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
spfile string
+DATA/devdb/spfiledevdb.ora
SQL>setline200
SQL>colmemberfora60
SQL>select*fromv$logfile;
GROUP#STATUS TYPE MEMBER
IS_
------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
2 ONLINE
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.262.788218415 NO
2 ONLINE
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.788218415 YES
1 ONLINE
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.261.788218413 NO
1 ONLINE
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.788218413 YES
3 ONLINE
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_3.266.788218805 NO
3 ONLINE
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_3.259.788218805 YES
4 ONLINE
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_4.267.788218805 NO
4 ONLINE
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_4.260.788218807 YES
8rowsselected.
SQL>select*fromv$standby_log;
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
norowsselected
SQL>
创建 standby logfile：
SQL> alter databaseadd standby logfile thread 1 group 5 size 50m,group
6size50m,group7size50m;
Databasealtered.
SQL> alter databaseadd standby logfile thread 2 group 8 size 50m,group
9size50m,group10size50m;
Databasealtered.
SQL>select*fromv$logfile;
GROUP#STATUS TYPE MEMBER
IS_
------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
2 ONLINE
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.262.788218415 NO
2 ONLINE
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_2.258.788218415 YES
1 ONLINE
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.261.788218413 NO
1 ONLINE
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_1.257.788218413 YES
3 ONLINE
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_3.266.788218805 NO
3 ONLINE
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_3.259.788218805 YES
4 ONLINE
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_4.267.788218805 NO
4 ONLINE
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_4.260.788218807 YES
5 STANDBY
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_5.269.799675631 NO
5 STANDBY
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_5.311.799675631 YES
6 STANDBY
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_6.270.799675631 NO
GROUP#STATUS TYPE MEMBER
IS_
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
6 STANDBY
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_6.312.799675633 YES
7 STANDBY
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_7.271.799675633 NO
7 STANDBY
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_7.313.799675633 YES
8 STANDBY
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_8.272.799675651 NO
8 STANDBY
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_8.314.799675651 YES
9 STANDBY
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_9.273.799675651 NO
9 STANDBY
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_9.315.799675651 YES
10 STANDBY
+DATA/devdb/onlinelog/group_10.274.799675653 NO
10 STANDBY
+FLASH/devdb/onlinelog/group_10.316.799675653 YES
20rowsselected.
SQL>select*fromv$standby_log;
GROUP#DBID THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE
USEDARCSTATUS FIRST_CHANGE#FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE#
NEXT_TIME LAST_CHANGE#LAST_TIME
--------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------
5UNASSIGNED 1 0 52428800 512
0YESUNASSIGNED
6UNASSIGNED 1 0 52428800 512
0YESUNASSIGNED
7UNASSIGNED 1 0 52428800 512
0YESUNASSIGNED
8UNASSIGNED 2 0 52428800 512
0YESUNASSIGNED
9UNASSIGNED 2 0 52428800 512
0YESUNASSIGNED
10UNASSIGNED 2 0 52428800 512
0YESUNASSIGNED
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
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6rowsselected.
SQL>
③ 主 库 修 改 相 关 参 数 standby_file_management 、 db_file_name_convert 、
log_file_name_convert：
修改前：
SQL>showparameterstandby_file
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
standby_file_management string MANUAL
SQL>showparameterdb_file_na
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string
SQL>showparameterlog_file
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
log_file_name_convert string
SQL>
修改：
SQL>altersystemset
db_file_name_convert='+DATA/phydb/','+DATA/devdb/'sid='*'
scope=spfile;
Systemaltered.
SQL>showparameterdb_file_na
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
db_file_name_convert string
SQL>altersystemset
log_file_name_convert='+DATA/phydb/','+DATA/devdb/'sid='*'
scope=spfile;
Systemaltered.
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
SQL>
④ 停止 RAC 节点 2：
node2->sqlplus
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.3.0ProductiononSunNov1812:25:352012
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracle. Allrightsreserved.
Connectedto:
OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.3.0-64bit
Production
WiththePartitioning,RealApplicationClusters,AutomaticStorage
Management,OLAP,
DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptions
SQL>setline300
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
----------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7384136MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PRIMARY
YESREADWRITE TOSTANDBY
692948393DEVDB 7384136MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PRIMARY
YESREADWRITE TOSTANDBY
SQL>shutdownimmediate;
Databaseclosed.
Databasedismounted.
ORACLEinstanceshutdown.
SQL>
⑤ RAC 节点 1 切换原 RAC 主库到备库：
node1->id
uid=1101(oracle)gid=1000(oinstall)
groups=1000(oinstall),1201(asmdba),1300(dba),1301(oper)
node1->sqlplus
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.3.0ProductiononSunNov1812:27:212012
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracle. Allrightsreserved.
Connectedto:
OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.3.0-64bit
Production
WiththePartitioning,RealApplicationClusters,AutomaticStorage
Management,OLAP,
DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptions
SQL>showparameterinstance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
instance_name string devdb1
SQL>setline300
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7384658MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PRIMARY
YESREADWRITE TOSTANDBY
SQL>
SQL>alterdatabasecommittoswitchovertophysicalstandbywith
sessionshutdown;
Databasealtered.
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7384811MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PHYSICAL
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
STANDBYYESREADWRITE RECOVERYNEEDED
SQL>
⑥ 切换原物理备库到主库角色：
SQL>showparameterinstance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
instance_name string phydb
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7404797MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PHYSICAL
STANDBYYESREADONLYWITHAPPLYSESSIONSACTIVE
SQL>
SQL>alterdatabasecommittoswitchovertoprimary;
Databasealtered.
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 0MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PRIMARY
YESMOUNTED NOTALLOWED
SQL>alterdatabaseopen;
Databasealtered.
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
n_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7405254MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PRIMARY
YESREADWRITE FAILEDDESTINATION
SQL>
⑦ 将原 RAC 主库 2 个实例都启动到 MOUNT 状态：
node1->srvctlstartdatabase-ddevdb-omount
node1->exit
logout
[root@node1~]#su-oracle
node1->sqlplus
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.3.0ProductiononSunNov1812:50:082012
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracle. Allrightsreserved.
Connectedto:
OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.3.0-64bit
Production
WiththePartitioning,RealApplicationClusters,AutomaticStorage
Management,OLAP,
DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptions
SQL>setline300
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
----------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7404796MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PHYSICAL
STANDBYYESMOUNTED RECOVERYNEEDED
692948393DEVDB 7404796MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PHYSICAL
STANDBYYESMOUNTED RECOVERYNEEDED
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
SQL>
⑧ 原 RAC 主库启动 redo apply：
SQL>alterdatabaserecovermanagedstandbydatabaseusingcurrent
logfiledisconnectfromsession;
Databasealtered.
SQL>
⑨ 原 RAC 主库停止 redo apply，并将 RAC 主库所有节点以 READ ONLY 打开：
SQL>alterdatabaserecovermanagedstandbydatabasecancel;
Databasealtered.
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7407174MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PHYSICAL
STANDBYYESMOUNTED NOTALLOWED
692948393DEVDB 7407174MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PHYSICAL
STANDBYYESMOUNTED NOTALLOWED
SQL>alterdatabaseopen;
Databasealtered.
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7407174MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PHYSICAL
STANDBYYESMOUNTED NOTALLOWED
Step by step Deploy Oracle 11gR2 RAC+Active Dataguard
QQ:908601287 Http://www.cnblogs.com/flymaster500.cn
692948393DEVDB 7407174MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PHYSICAL
STANDBYYESREADONLY NOTALLOWED
SQL>select
inst_id,dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_log
ging,open_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
INST_ID DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE
DATABASE_ROLE FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------
2 692948393DEVDB 7407706MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE
PHYSICALSTANDBYYESREADONLYWITHAPPLYNOTALLOWED
1 692948393DEVDB 7407706MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE
PHYSICALSTANDBYYESREADONLYWITHAPPLYNOTALLOWED
SQL>
2 12.2 单实例主库， RAC 备库角色切换
即，将新 RAC 备库切换为主库，新单实例主库切换为备库：
① 新主库（单实例库）状态查看：
dg->sqlplus
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.3.0ProductiononSunNov1813:21:532012
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracle. Allrightsreserved.
Connectedto:
OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.3.0-64bit
Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic StorageManagement, OLAP, Data Mining
andRealApplicationTestingoptions
SQL>showparameterinstance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
instance_name string phydb
SQL>setline300
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SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
----------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7409960MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PRIMARY
YESREADWRITE TOSTANDBY
SQL>
② 新备库（RAC 库）状态查看：
SQL>select
inst_id,dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_log
ging,open_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
INST_ID DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE
DATABASE_ROLE FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------
1 692948393DEVDB 7410081MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE
PHYSICALSTANDBYYESREADONLYWITHAPPLYNOTALLOWED
2 692948393DEVDB 7410081MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE
PHYSICALSTANDBYYESREADONLYWITHAPPLYNOTALLOWED
SQL>
③ 新备库（RAC 库）停止节点 2：
node2->sqlplus
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.3.0ProductiononSunNov1813:24:402012
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracle. Allrightsreserved.
Connectedto:
OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.3.0-64bit
Production
WiththePartitioning,RealApplicationClusters,AutomaticStorage
Management,OLAP,
DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptions
SQL>showparameterinstance_name
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NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
instance_name string devdb2
SQL>setline300
SQL>select
inst_id,dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_log
ging,open_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
INST_ID DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE
DATABASE_ROLE FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------
2 692948393DEVDB 7410177MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE
PHYSICALSTANDBYYESREADONLYWITHAPPLYNOTALLOWED
1 692948393DEVDB 7410177MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE
PHYSICALSTANDBYYESREADONLYWITHAPPLYNOTALLOWED
SQL>shutdownimmediate;
Databaseclosed.
Databasedismounted.
ORACLEinstanceshutdown.
SQL>
④ 新主库（单实例库）切换到备库：
SQL>showparameterinstance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
instance_name string phydb
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
----------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7410498MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PRIMARY
YESREADWRITE TOSTANDBY
SQL> alterdatabasecommittoswitchovertophysicalstandbywith
sessionshutdown;
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Databasealtered.
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7410519MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PHYSICAL
STANDBYYESREADWRITE RECOVERYNEEDED
SQL>
⑤ 新备库（RAC 库）节点 1 切换到主库：
SQL>alterdatabaserecovermanagedstandbydatabaseusingcurrent
logfiledisconnectfromsession;
Databasealtered.
SQL>showparameterinstance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
instance_name string devdb1
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7430520MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PHYSICAL
STANDBYYESREADONLYWITHAPPLYTOPRIMARY
SQL>alterdatabaserecovermanagedstandbydatabaseusingcurrent
logfiledisconnectfromsession;
Databasealtered.
SQL>alterdatabasecommittoswitchovertoprimary;
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Databasealtered.
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
----------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 0MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PRIMARY
YESMOUNTED NOTALLOWED
SQL>
⑥ 新备库(RAC 库)全部启动所有节点：
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromgv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
----------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7434170MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PRIMARY
YESREADWRITE TOSTANDBY
692948393DEVDB 7434170MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PRIMARY
YESREADWRITE TOSTANDBY
SQL>
⑦ 新备库（单实例库）重新启动并开始 redo apply：
[root@dg~]#su-oracle
dg->sqlplus
SQL*Plus:Release11.2.0.3.0ProductiononSunNov1813:43:492012
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracle. Allrightsreserved.
Connectedtoanidleinstance.
SQL>startup
ORACLEinstancestarted.
TotalSystemGlobalArea 839282688bytes
FixedSize 2233000bytes
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VariableSize 574623064bytes
DatabaseBuffers 255852544bytes
RedoBuffers 6574080bytes
Databasemounted.
Databaseopened.
SQL>showparameterinstance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
-----------------------------------------------
------------------------------
instance_name string phydb
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
----------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7430520MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PHYSICAL
STANDBYYESREADONLY RECOVERYNEEDED
SQL>alterdatabaserecovermanagedstandbydatabaseusingcurrent
logfiledisconnectfromsession;
Databasealtered.
SQL>select
dbid,name,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,ope
n_mode,switchover_statusfromv$database;
DBIDNAME CURRENT_SCNPROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
FOROPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------
692948393DEVDB 7430523MAXIMUMPERFORMANCE PHYSICAL
STANDBYYESREADONLYWITHAPPLYNOTALLOWED
SQL>
至此，完成一次角色切换，即将新的备库（RAC 库）切换成主库，新的备库（单实例
库）又重新切换为物理备库，回到最初的状态！！！
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3 13 补充说明与获取帮助
1 13.1 补充说明
文档说明：本实验文档是 Oracle 11gR2RAC+DG 的实验依据，所涉及内容较有难度、
相比较该实验应属于 Oracle 数据库领域高端的技术。因此对于 Oracle 数据库初学者而言，
有一定的难度和挑战，在完成本系列视频的学习和动手实验前，请务必认真阅读该文档！
软件说明：该系列实验的软件是目前Oracle 数据库的最新版本，11gR2 的 11.2.0.3.0 版
本，该软件需要 Metalink 账号才可以下载到，对于目前无法获取该软件（11.2.0.3.0 版本）
的学员，可以直接到 oracle 官网免费获取 11.2.0.1.0 的软件来完成该实验。
错误说明：在搭建 RAC 数据库的过程中，要注意准备工作充分，尤其是配置 ASM共
享存储那一部分、以及 grid/oracle 用户的权限和对等性问题。在配置物理备库的过程中，备
库恢复控制文件时，要在物理备库上查看你的 oracle 用户是否属于 asmadmin 用户组。
实验说明：在动手完成实验时，要遵循实验步骤，一次不成功，要反复多实验几次，出
现错误的过程中，注意查看错误信息和日志，定位错误原因，解决问题。
2 13.2 获取帮助
对于在完成该系列实验过程中遇到故障的学员，可以通过 QQ： 155166225，Mail：
3dian14@gmail.com 联系我，或者直接加入 Rock Oracle 群： 6 280889316 获取帮助。
3 13.3 致谢
最后，在这里要由衷的感谢广大网友对于我的信任和厚爱，让我们一起 Rock Oracle 吧！
