C# 关于XML的内容
1、简单介绍
using System.Xml;
//初始化一个xml实例
XmlDocument xml=new XmlDocument();
//导入指定xml文件
xml.Load(path);
xml.Load(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/file/bookstore.xml"));
//指定一个节点
XmlNode root=xml.SelectSingleNode("/root");
//获取节点下所有直接子节点
XmlNodeList childlist=root.ChildNodes;
//判断该节点下是否有子节点
root.HasChildNodes;
//获取同名同级节点集合
XmlNodeList nodelist=xml.SelectNodes("/Root/News");
//生成一个新节点
XmlElement node=xml.CreateElement("News");
//将节点加到指定节点下,作为其子节点
root.AppendChild(node);
//将节点加到指定节点下某个子节点前
root.InsertBefore(node,root.ChildeNodes[i]);
//为指定节点的新建属性并赋值
node.SetAttribute("id","11111");
//为指定节点添加子节点
root.AppendChild(node);
//获取指定节点的指定属性值
string id=node.Attributes["id"].Value;
//获取指定节点中的文本
string content=node.InnerText;
//保存XML文件
string path=Server.MapPath("~/file/bookstore.xml");
xml.Save(path);
//or use :xml.Save(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/file/bookstore.xml"));
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二、具体实例
在C#.net中如何操作XML
需要添加的命名空间:
using System.Xml;
1、创建到服务器同名目录下的xml文件:
方法一:
- XmlDocument xmldoc;
- XmlNode xmlnode;
- XmlElement xmlelem;
- xmldoc = new XmlDocument();
- //加入XML的声明段落,<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
- XmlDeclaration xmldecl;
- xmldecl = xmldoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "gb2312", null);
- xmldoc.AppendChild(xmldecl);
- //加入一个根元素
- xmlelem = xmldoc.CreateElement("", "Employees", "");
- xmldoc.AppendChild(xmlelem);
- //加入另外一个元素
- for (int i = 1; i < 3; i++)
- {
- XmlNode root = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees");//查找<Employees>
- XmlElement xe1 = xmldoc.CreateElement("Node");//创建一个<Node>节点
- xe1.SetAttribute("genre", "李赞红");//设置该节点genre属性
- xe1.SetAttribute("ISBN", "2-3631-4");//设置该节点ISBN属性
- XmlElement xesub1 = xmldoc.CreateElement("title");
- xesub1.InnerText = "CS从入门到精通";//设置文本节点
- xe1.AppendChild(xesub1);//添加到<Node>节点中
- XmlElement xesub2 = xmldoc.CreateElement("author");
- xesub2.InnerText = "候捷";
- xe1.AppendChild(xesub2);
- XmlElement xesub3 = xmldoc.CreateElement("price");
- xesub3.InnerText = "58.3";
- xe1.AppendChild(xesub3);
- root.AppendChild(xe1);//添加到<Employees>节点中
- }
- //保存创建好的XML文档
- xmldoc.Save("data.xml");
方法二:
- XmlTextWriter xmlWriter;
- string strFilename = "data1.xml";
- xmlWriter = new XmlTextWriter(strFilename, Encoding.Default);//创建一个xml文档
- xmlWriter.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;
- xmlWriter.WriteStartDocument();
- xmlWriter.WriteStartElement("Employees");
- xmlWriter.WriteStartElement("Node");
- xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString("genre", "李赞红");
- xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString("ISBN", "2-3631-4");
- xmlWriter.WriteStartElement("title");
- xmlWriter.WriteString("CS从入门到精通");
- xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();
- xmlWriter.WriteStartElement("author");
- xmlWriter.WriteString("候捷");
- xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();
- xmlWriter.WriteStartElement("price");
- xmlWriter.WriteString("58.3");
- xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();
- xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();
- xmlWriter.Close();
2、添加一个结点
- XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
- xmlDoc.Load("data.xml");
- XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees");//查找<Employees>
- XmlElement xe1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Node");//创建一个<Node>节点
- xe1.SetAttribute("genre", "张三");//设置该节点genre属性
- xe1.SetAttribute("ISBN", "1-1111-1");//设置该节点ISBN属性
- XmlElement xesub1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("title");
- xesub1.InnerText = "C#入门帮助";//设置文本节点
- xe1.AppendChild(xesub1);//添加到<Node>节点中
- XmlElement xesub2 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("author");
- xesub2.InnerText = "高手";
- xe1.AppendChild(xesub2);
- XmlElement xesub3 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("price");
- xesub3.InnerText = "158.3";
- xe1.AppendChild(xesub3);
- root.AppendChild(xe1);//添加到<Employees>节点中
- xmlDoc.Save("data.xml");
3、修改结点的值(属性和子结点)
- XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
- xmlDoc.Load("data.xml");
- XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees").ChildNodes;//获取Employees节点的所有子节点
- foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)//遍历所有子节点
- {
- XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;//将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型
- if (xe.GetAttribute("genre") == "张三")//如果genre属性值为“张三”
- {
- xe.SetAttribute("genre", "update张三");//则修改该属性为“update张三”
- XmlNodeList nls = xe.ChildNodes;//继续获取xe子节点的所有子节点
- foreach (XmlNode xn1 in nls)//遍历
- {
- XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)xn1;//转换类型
- if (xe2.Name == "author")//如果找到
- {
- xe2.InnerText = "亚胜";//则修改
- }
- }
- }
- }
- xmlDoc.Save("data.xml");//保存。
4、修改结点(添加结点的属性和添加结点的自结点)
- XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
- xmlDoc.Load("data.xml");
- XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees").ChildNodes;//获取Employees节点的所有子节点
- foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)
- {
- XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
- xe.SetAttribute("test", "111111");
- XmlElement xesub = xmlDoc.CreateElement("flag");
- xesub.InnerText = "1";
- xe.AppendChild(xesub);
- }
- xmlDoc.Save("data.xml");
5、删除结点中的某一个属性
- XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
- xmlDoc.Load("data.xml");
- XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees").ChildNodes;
- foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)
- {
- XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
- xe.RemoveAttribute("genre");//删除genre属性
- XmlNodeList nls = xe.ChildNodes;//继续获取xe子节点的所有子节点
- foreach (XmlNode xn1 in nls)//遍历
- {
- XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)xn1;//转换类型
- if (xe2.Name == "flag")//如果找到
- {
- xe.RemoveChild(xe2);//则删除
- }
- }
- }
- xmlDoc.Save("data.xml");
6、删除结点
- XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
- xmlDoc.Load("data.xml");
- XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees");
- XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees").ChildNodes;
- for (int i = 0; i < xnl.Count; i++)
- {
- XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnl.Item(i);
- if (xe.GetAttribute("genre") == "张三")
- {
- root.RemoveChild(xe);
- if (i < xnl.Count) i = i - 1;
- }
- }
- xmlDoc.Save("data.xml");
7、按照文本文件读取xml
- System.IO.StreamReader myFile = new System.IO.StreamReader("data.xml", System.Text.Encoding.Default);
- //注意System.Text.Encoding.Default
- string myString = myFile.ReadToEnd();//myString是读出的字符串
- this.textBox1.Text = myString;
- myFile.Close();
8、读取xml
- //创建XmlDocument对象
- XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
- //载入xml文件名
- xmlDoc.Load(filename);
- //如果是xml字符串,则用以下形式
- xmlDoc.LoadXml(xmldata);
- //读取根节点的所有子节点,放到xn0中
- XmlNodeList xn0 = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Document").ChildNodes;
- //查找二级节点的内容或属性
- foreach (XmlNode node in xn0)
- {
- if (node.Name == 匹配的二级节点名)
- {
- string innertext = node.InnerText.Trim();//匹配二级节点的内容
- string attr = node.Attributes[0].ToString();//属性
- }
- }
- 基础的操作就是这些,要是取三级或三级以上的节点,类似推导即可
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一个XML的操作类:
包括读取/插入/修改/删除。
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Xml;
namespace Test
{
/// <summary>
/// XmlHelper 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
public class XmlHelper
{
public XmlHelper()
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名,非空时返回该属性值,否则返回串联值</param>
/// <returns>string</returns>
/**************************************************
* 使用示列:
* XmlHelper.Read(path, "/Node", "")
* XmlHelper.Read(path, "/Node/Element[@Attribute='Name']", "Attribute")
************************************************/
public static string Read(string path, string node, string attribute)
{
string value = "";
try
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load(path);
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
value = (attribute.Equals("") ? xn.InnerText : xn.Attributes[attribute].Value);
}
catch { }
return value;
}
/// <summary>
/// 插入数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="element">元素名,非空时插入新元素,否则在该元素中插入属性</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名,非空时插入该元素属性值,否则插入元素值</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
/**************************************************
* 使用示列:
* XmlHelper.Insert(path, "/Node", "Element", "", "Value")
* XmlHelper.Insert(path, "/Node", "Element", "Attribute", "Value")
* XmlHelper.Insert(path, "/Node", "", "Attribute", "Value")
************************************************/
public static void Insert(string path, string node, string element, string attribute, string value)
{
try
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load(path);
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
if (element.Equals(""))
{
if (!attribute.Equals(""))
{
XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
xe.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
}
}
else
{
XmlElement xe = doc.CreateElement(element);
if (attribute.Equals(""))
xe.InnerText = value;
else
xe.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
xn.AppendChild(xe);
}
doc.Save(path);
}
catch { }
}
/// <summary>
/// 修改数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名,非空时修改该节点属性值,否则修改节点值</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
/**************************************************
* 使用示列:
* XmlHelper.Insert(path, "/Node", "", "Value")
* XmlHelper.Insert(path, "/Node", "Attribute", "Value")
************************************************/
public static void Update(string path, string node, string attribute, string value)
{
try
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load(path);
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
if (attribute.Equals(""))
xe.InnerText = value;
else
xe.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
doc.Save(path);
}
catch { }
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名,非空时删除该节点属性值,否则删除节点值</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
/**************************************************
* 使用示列:
* XmlHelper.Delete(path, "/Node", "")
* XmlHelper.Delete(path, "/Node", "Attribute")
************************************************/
public static void Delete(string path, string node, string attribute)
{
try
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load(path);
XmlNode xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
if (attribute.Equals(""))
xn.ParentNode.RemoveChild(xn);
else
xe.RemoveAttribute(attribute);
doc.Save(path);
}
catch { }
}
}
}
==================================================
XmlFile.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Root />
==================================================
使用方法:
string xml = Server.MapPath("XmlFile.xml");
//插入元素
//XmlHelper.Insert(xml, "/Root", "Studio", "", "");
//插入元素/属性
//XmlHelper.Insert(xml, "/Root/Studio", "Site", "Name", "小路工作室");
//XmlHelper.Insert(xml, "/Root/Studio", "Site", "Name", "丁香鱼工作室");
//XmlHelper.Insert(xml, "/Root/Studio", "Site", "Name", "谱天城工作室");
//XmlHelper.Insert(xml, "/Root/Studio/Site[@Name='谱天城工作室']", "Master", "", "红尘静思");
//插入属性
//XmlHelper.Insert(xml, "/Root/Studio/Site[@Name='小路工作室']", "", "Url", "http://www.wzlu.com/");
//XmlHelper.Insert(xml, "/Root/Studio/Site[@Name='丁香鱼工作室']", "", "Url", "http://www.luckfish.net/");
//XmlHelper.Insert(xml, "/Root/Studio/Site[@Name='谱天城工作室']", "", "Url", "http://www.putiancheng.com/");
//修改元素值
//XmlHelper.Update(xml, "/Root/Studio/Site[@Name='谱天城工作室']/Master", "", "RedDust");
//修改属性值
//XmlHelper.Update(xml, "/Root/Studio/Site[@Name='谱天城工作室']", "Url", "http://www.putiancheng.net/");
//XmlHelper.Update(xml, "/Root/Studio/Site[@Name='谱天城工作室']", "Name", "PuTianCheng Studio");
//读取元素值
//Response.Write("<div>" + XmlHelper.Read(xml, "/Root/Studio/Site/Master", "") + "</div>");
//读取属性值
//Response.Write("<div>" + XmlHelper.Read(xml, "/Root/Studio/Site", "Url") + "</div>");
//读取特定属性值
//Response.Write("<div>" + XmlHelper.Read(xml, "/Root/Studio/Site[@Name='丁香鱼工作室']", "Url") + "</div>");
//删除属性
//XmlHelper.Delete(xml, "/Root/Studio/Site[@Name='小路工作室']", "Url");
//删除元素
//XmlHelper.Delete(xml, "/Root/Studio", "");