boost::thread 库的使用

转载自: http://blog.csdn.net/yockie/article/details/9181939

概要

通过实例介绍boost thread的使用方式,本文主要由线程启动、Interruption机制、线程同步、等待线程退出、Thread Group几个部份组成。

 

正文

线程启动

线程可以从以下三种方式启动:第一种用struct结构的operator成员函数启动:

#include<iostream>
#include <boost/thread.hpp>  

struct Callable
{
    void operator()()
    {
        
        //do something here
        std::cout<<"thread running structure operator ()!"<<std::endl;
    }
};

int main()
{
    Callable x;
    boost::thread st(x);

    return 0;        
}

第二种以非成员函数形式启动线程

void func(int para)
{
    std::cout<<"thread runnign non-class function"<<"\t"<<para<<std::endl;

}

int main()
{

    boost::thread f(func, 100);
    return 0;
}

第三种以成员函数形式启动线程

#include<boost/bind.hpp>
#include<iostream>
#include<boost/thread.hpp>


class TestBind
{
public:
    void testFunc(int c)
    {
        std::cout<<"thread running class member functions!"<<"\t"<<c<<std::endl;
    }

};

int main()
{
    TestBind testBind;
    boost::thread cf(boost::bind(&TestBind::testFunc, &testBind, 123));  
    return 0;
    
}

Interruption机制

可以通过thread对象的interrupt函数,通知线程,需要interrupt。线程运行到interruption point就可以退出。Interruption机制举例:

#include <iostream>  
#include <boost/thread.hpp>  
using namespace std; 

void f()  
{  
    for(int i=1;i<0x0fffffff;i++)  
    {  
        if(i%0xffffff==0)  
        {  
            std::cout<<"i="<<((i&0x0f000000)>>24)<<endl;  
            cout<<"boost::this_thread::interruption_requested()="<<boost::this_thread::interruption_requested()<<endl;  
            if(((i&0x0f000000)>>24)==5)  
            {  
          boost::this_thread::interruption_point();  
            }  
        }  
    }  
}  

int main()
{
boost::thread t(f);

t.interrupt();

  t.join();

  return 0;

}

t.interrupt();告诉t线程,现在需要interrupt。boost::this_thread::interruption_requested()可以得到当前线程是否有一个interrupt请求。若有interrupt请求,线程在运行至interruption点时会结束。boost::this_thread::interruption_point();就是一个interruption point。Interruption point有多种形式,较常用的有boost::this_thread::sleep(boost::posix_time::seconds(5));当没有interrupt请求时,这条语句会让当前线程sleep五秒,若有interrupt requirement线程结束。
如何使线程在运行到interruption point的时候,不会结束,可以参考下面的例子:

void f()  
{  
    for(int i=1;i<0x0fffffff;i++)  
    {  
        if(i%0xffffff==0)  
        {  
            std::cout<<"i="<<((i&0x0f000000)>>24)<<endl;  
            cout<<"boost::this_thread::interruption_requested()="<<boost::this_thread::interruption_requested()<<endl;  
            if(((i&0x0f000000)>>24)==5)  
            {  
                //boost::this_thread::interruption_point();  

                 boost::this_thread::disable_interruption di;  
                {  
                     boost::this_thread::interruption_point();  
                }  
            }  
        }  
    }  
} 

注意boost::this_thread::disable_interruption这条语句的使用,它可以使大括号内的interruption point不会中断当前线程。

线程同步

Boost提供了多种lock导致上手需要较长时间,还是看下面线程同步的例子比较简单,相信在多数应用中足够:直接使用boost::mutex的例子

static boost::mutex g_m;  
//do something here 
g_m.lock();  
//do something what needs to be locked
g_m.unlock();  

if(g_m.try_lock())  
{  
  //do something what needs to be locked
} 
#include <iostream>  
#include <string>  
#include <boost/thread.hpp>  
#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>  
#include <boost/thread/locks.hpp>  
  
using namespace std;   
  
static boost::mutex g_m;  
  
void f(string strName)  
{  
    for(int i=1;i<0x0fffffff;i++)  
    {  
        if(i%0xffffff==0)  
        {  
            boost::lock_guard<boost::mutex> lock(g_m);  
            cout<<"Name="<<strName<<" i="<<((i&0x0f000000)>>24)<<endl;  
        }  
    }  
}  
  
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])  
{  
  boost::thread t(f,string("inuyasha"));  
  boost::thread t2(f,string("kagula"));  
  boost::thread t3(f,string("kikyou"));  
  
  {  
      boost::lock_guard<boost::mutex> lock(g_m);  
      cout<<"thread id="<<t.get_id()<<endl;  
  }  
  
  t.join();  
  t2.join();  
  t3.join();  
  
  return 0;  
}                  

使用unique lock的例子

#include <iostream>  
#include <string>  
#include <boost/thread.hpp>  
#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>  
#include <boost/thread/locks.hpp>  
  
using namespace std;  
  
static boost::mutex g_m;  
  
void f(string strName)  
{  
  cout<<"Thread name is "<<strName<<"-----------------begin"<<endl;  
  for(int i=1;i<0x0fffffff;i++)  
  {  
    if(i%0xffffff==0)  
    {  
      boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock(g_m);  
      cout<<"Name="<<strName<<" i="<<((i&0x0f000000)>>24)<<endl;  
      lock.unlock();  
     }  
  }  
  cout<<"Thread name is "<<strName<<"-----------------end"<<endl;  
}  
  
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])  
{  
  boost::thread t(f,string("inuyasha"));  
  boost::thread t2(f,string("kagula"));  
  boost::thread t3(f,string("kikyou"));  
  
  t.join();  
  t2.join();  
  t3.join();  
  
  return 0;  
} 

同Lock_guard相比
[1]Unique lock中有owns lock成员函数,可判断,当前有没有被lock。
[2]在构造Unique Lock时可以指定boost::defer_lock_t参数推迟锁定,直到Unique Lock实例调用Lock。或采用下面的编码方式使用:
boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock(mut,boost::defer_lock);
boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock2(mut2,boost::defer_lock);
boost::lock(lock,lock2);
[3]它可以和Conditoin_variable配合使用。
[4]提供了try lock功能。

如果线程之间执行顺序上有依赖关系,直接到boost官网中参考条件变量(Condition variables)的使用。官网关于Conditon Variables的说明还是容易看懂的。
注意,使用一个不恰当的同步可能消耗掉1/2以上的cpu运算能力。
Thread Group

线程组使用示例,其中f函数在上面的例子已经定义

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])  
{  
  boost::thread_group tg;  
  tg.add_thread(new boost::thread(f,string("inuyasha")));  
  tg.add_thread(new boost::thread(f,string("kagula")));  
  tg.add_thread(new boost::thread(f,string("kikyou")));  
  
  tg.join_all();  
  
  return 0;  
}  

 



 

posted @ 2017-11-28 14:32  采男孩的小蘑菇  阅读(3338)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报