CentOS7 64位下MySQL5.7安装与配置（YUM）

 

安装环境：CentOS7 64位 MINI版，安装MySQL5.7

1、配置YUM源

在MySQL官网中下载YUM源rpm安装包：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/ 
MySQL YUM源下载地址

# 下载mysql源安装包
 wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
# 安装mysql源
 yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
检查mysql源是否安装成功
 yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
[root@VM_0_16_centos ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64    MySQL Connectors Community               51
mysql-tools-community/x86_64         MySQL Tools Community                    63
mysql57-community/x86_64             MySQL 5.7 Community Server              267


 


 




 


看到上图所示表示安装成功。 
可以修改vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo源，改变默认安装的mysql版本。比如要安装5.6版本，将5.7源的enabled=1改成enabled=0。然后再将5.6源的enabled=0改成enabled=1即可。改完之后的效果如下所示： 




[root@VM_0_16_centos ~]# cat  /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-preview]
name=MySQL Tools Preview
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-preview/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql




 


2、安装MySQL




2、安装MySQL :yum install mysql-community-server





 


3、启动MySQL服务




3、启动MySQL服务 :systemctl start mysqld




 


查看MySQL的启动状态 systemctl status mysqld




[root@VM_0_16_centos ~]# systemctl  status  mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2018-06-06 11:10:50 CST; 5s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 3754 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 3676 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 3757 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─3757 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Jun 06 11:10:38 VM_0_16_centos systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Jun 06 11:10:50 VM_0_16_centos systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.




 


 


4、开机启动


systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl daemon-reload


5、修改root本地登录密码


mysql安装完成之后，在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个默认密码。通过下面的方式找到root默认密码，然后登录mysql进行修改：


 grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log




[root@VM_0_16_centos ~]#  grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-06-06T03:10:39.877118Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: kH<q%aA-D9fE




 




mysql -uroot -p
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!'; 
或者

mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('MyNewPass4!'); 




 


 


注意：mysql5.7默认安装了密码安全检查插件（validate_password），默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含：大小写字母、数字和特殊符号，并且长度不能少于8位。否则会提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements错误，如下图所示： 
密码策略提示


通过msyql环境变量可以查看密码策略的相关信息：


mysql> show variables like '%password%';




mysql> show variables like '%password%';
+---------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name                         | Value  |
+---------------------------------------+--------+
| default_password_lifetime             | 0      |
| disconnect_on_expired_password        | ON     |
| log_builtin_as_identified_by_password | OFF    |
| mysql_native_password_proxy_users     | OFF    |
| old_passwords                         | 0      |
| report_password                       |        |
| sha256_password_proxy_users           | OFF    |
| validate_password_check_user_name     | OFF    |
| validate_password_dictionary_file     |        |
| validate_password_length              | 8      |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count    | 1      |
| validate_password_number_count        | 1      |
| validate_password_policy              | MEDIUM |
| validate_password_special_char_count  | 1      |
+---------------------------------------+--------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)




validate_password_policy：密码策略，默认为MEDIUM策略 
validate_password_dictionary_file：密码策略文件，策略为STRONG才需要 
validate_password_length：密码最少长度 
validate_password_mixed_case_count：大小写字符长度，至少1个 
validate_password_number_count ：数字至少1个 
validate_password_special_char_count：特殊字符至少1个 
上述参数是默认策略MEDIUM的密码检查规则。


共有以下几种密码策略：





策略检查规则







0 or LOW
Length






1 or MEDIUM
Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters






2 or STRONG
Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file












 




MySQL官网密码策略详细说明：
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/validate-password-options-variables.html#sysvar_validate_password_policy

修改密码策略
在/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate_password_policy配置，指定密码策略

# 选择0（LOW），1（MEDIUM），2（STRONG）其中一种，选择2需要提供密码字典文件
validate_password_policy=0
如果不需要密码策略，添加my.cnf文件中添加如下配置禁用即可：

validate_password = off
重新启动mysql服务使配置生效：

systemctl restart mysqld




 


6、添加远程登录用户


默认只允许root帐户在本地登录，如果要在其它机器上连接mysql，必须修改root允许远程连接，或者添加一个允许远程连接的帐户，为了安全起见，我添加一个新的帐户：


 




GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'flyingoss'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Yangxin0917!' WITH GRANT OPTION;



mysql> show grants for flyingoss;
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for flyingoss@%                                           |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'flyingoss'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)




 


 


7、配置默认编码为utf8


修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件，在[mysqld]下添加编码配置，如下所示：


[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'


重新启动mysql服务， systemctl restart mysqld  查看数据库默认编码如下所示：


 




mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> 




 




默认配置文件路径： 
配置文件：/etc/my.cnf 
日志文件：/var/log//var/log/mysqld.log 
服务启动脚本：/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service 
socket文件：/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid


 






        

        

            posted on 
2018-06-06 11:23 
flyoss 
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