04_异常处理——动手动脑
1、阅读代码,写出运行结果
1 public class CatchWho { 2 public static void main(String[] args) { 3 try { 4 try { 5 throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); 6 } 7 catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { 8 System.out.println( "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException" + "/内层try-catch"); 9 } 10 11 throw new ArithmeticException(); 12 } 13 catch(ArithmeticException e) { 14 System.out.println("发生ArithmeticException"); 15 } 16 catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { 17 System.out.println( "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException" + "/外层try-catch"); 18 } 19 } 20 }
【运行结果】
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException/内层try-catch
发生ArithmeticException
2、写出运行结果
1 public class CatchWho2 { 2 public static void main(String[] args) { 3 try { 4 try { 5 throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); 6 } 7 catch(ArithmeticException e) { 8 System.out.println( "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException" + "/内层try-catch"); 9 } 10 throw new ArithmeticException(); 11 } 12 catch(ArithmeticException e) { 13 System.out.println("发生ArithmeticException"); 14 } 15 catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { 16 System.out.println( "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException" + "/外层try-catch"); 17 } 18 } 19 }
【运行结果】
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException/外层try-catch
3、
1 public class EmbededFinally { 2 3 4 public static void main(String args[]) { 5 6 int result; 7 8 try { 9 10 System.out.println("in Level 1"); 11 12 13 try { 14 15 System.out.println("in Level 2"); 16 // result=100/0; //Level 2 17 18 try { 19 20 System.out.println("in Level 3"); 21 22 result=100/0; //Level 3 23 24 } 25 26 catch (Exception e) { 27 28 System.out.println("Level 3:" + e.getClass().toString()); 29 30 } 31 32 33 finally { 34 35 System.out.println("In Level 3 finally"); 36 37 } 38 39 40 // result=100/0; //Level 2 41 42 43 } 44 45 catch (Exception e) { 46 47 System.out.println("Level 2:" + e.getClass().toString()); 48 49 } 50 finally { 51 52 System.out.println("In Level 2 finally"); 53 54 } 55 56 // result = 100 / 0; //level 1 57 58 } 59 60 catch (Exception e) { 61 62 System.out.println("Level 1:" + e.getClass().toString()); 63 64 } 65 66 finally { 67 68 . System.out.println("In Level 1 finally"); 69 70 } 71 72 } 73 74 }
【运行结果】
in Level 1
in Level 2
in Level 3
Level 3:class java.lang.ArithmeticException
In Level 3 finally
In Level 2 finally
In Level 1 finally
【总结】由此得出,代码运行类似于栈,先运行的后捕获,后抛出的先捕获
4、
public class SystemExitAndFinally { public static void main(String[] args) { try{ System.out.println("in main"); throw new Exception("Exception is thrown in main"); //System.exit(0); } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); System.exit(0); } finally { System.out.println("in finally"); } } }
【运行结果】
in main
Exception is thrown in main
【结论】finally语句不一定被执行,当捕获错误处理完成并退出后便不再执行finally语句。
5、课程感受
通过这次课程,了解了Java的异常处理机制,可以有多个catch语句块,每个代码块捕获一种异常。在某个try块后有两个不同的catch 块捕获两个相同类型的异常是语法错误。使用catch语句,只能捕获Exception类及其子类的对象。因此,一个捕获Exception对象的catch语句块可以捕获所有“可捕获”的异常。将catch(Exception e)放在别的catch块前面会使这些catch块都不执行,因此Java不会编译这个程序。