C#的互操作性：缓冲区、结构、指针

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace Interop
{
    class Program
    {
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "Beep")]
        public static extern bool MyBeep(uint iFreq, uint iDuration);
        //HMODULE WINAPI LoadLibrary( _In_ LPCTSTR lpFileName);
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]

        public static extern IntPtr LoadLibrary(string dllName);
        delegate int deleMessageBox(IntPtr hWnd, string text, string caption, uint type);
        //GetProcAddress函数检索指定的动态链接库(DLL)中的输出库函数地址。
        //FARPROC GetProcAddress(
        //      HMODULE hModule, // DLL模块句柄
        //　　  LPCSTR lpProcName // 函数名
        //　　);
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        public static extern IntPtr GetProcAddress(IntPtr hModule, string procName);
        //CharSet = CharSet.Auto
        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int MessageBox(IntPtr hWnd, string text, string caption, uint type);
        //DWORD GetCurrentDirectory(DWORD nBufferLength, //sizeofdirectorybuffer
        //LPTSTR lpBuffer   //directorybuffer
        //);
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int GetCurrentDirectory(int BufferLength, System.Text.StringBuilder lpBuffer);
        //LPSTR GetCommandLine()
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern System.IntPtr GetCommandLine();
        //结构体
        //typedef struct{
        //    int wStructSize;
        //    int x;
        //    int y;
        //    int dx;
        //    int dy;
        //    int wMax;
        //    TCHAR rgchMember[2];
        //}HELPWININFO;
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct HELPWININFO
        {
            int wStructSize;
            int x;
            int y;
            int dx;
            int dy;
            int wMax;
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 2)]
            public char[] rgchMember;
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            MyBeep(500, 500);
            //函数需要修改内存缓冲区，必须用StringBuilder，因为String类型是只读的
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(255);
            GetCurrentDirectory(255, sb);
            Console.WriteLine(sb);
            //使用IntPtr类将返回的字符串保存到string中
            IntPtr ptr = GetCommandLine();
            string cmdline = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(ptr);
            Console.WriteLine(cmdline);
            //GetProcAddress
            IntPtr ptrKernel32 = LoadLibrary("user32.dll");
            IntPtr ptrProcMessageBox = GetProcAddress(ptrKernel32, "MessageBoxA");
            deleMessageBox messageBox = Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(ptrProcMessageBox, typeof(deleMessageBox)) as deleMessageBox;
            messageBox(IntPtr.Zero, @"public static extern IntPtr GetProcAddress(IntPtr hModule, string procName);", "LoadLibrary", 0x40);
            MessageBox(IntPtr.Zero, "Content Here!", "Caption", 0x40);
        }
    }
}