一、定冠词the_
1. 定冠词the和一个形容词连用,代表一类人.若其作主语,则其后的谓语动词用复数形式.
2. 由普通名词和另外一些词构成的专有名词前多数要加定冠词
3) 某些节假日前: the Spring Festival春节, the Mid-Autumn Day中秋节
但也有一些这类专有名词前不加定冠词
3. 一些乐器名称前面通常用the, 如play the guitar, play the piano.但在一些特殊的表达中不用the,如with Kenney Rogers on saxophone, with Miles Davis on trumpet.体育比赛的项目前也不加定冠词,如play chess, play volleyball / basketball.
4. 一年四季spring, summer, autumn /fall, winter 前,可用亦可不用定冠词,意思基本一样,但在美语中,通常为in the fall
5. 物质名词前一般不加定冠词,但当一些物质名词不用于一般意义,而表示该物质的特定部分,特别是当其有限制性定语时,常加定冠词
二、不定冠词a(an)
1. what 后的感叹句中,若感叹的名词是可数名词单数,不定冠词a/an不能省略.如:
What a horrible day!
2. a/an 用于指非独一无二的工作或职业
3. 疾病名称通常被认为是不可数的,因此,其前通常不加冠词
. 习惯用定冠词的表达
by the way, on the whole, in the end, on the way to, tell the truth, on the right / left, in the possession of, be in the habit of doing sth., on the spot, the day before yesterday, in the distance, in the case of, for the time being, at the hands of, in the front of, be in the dark, at the back of, to the extent of等.
2. 习惯用不定冠词的表达
as a matter of fact, as a rule, be in a position to, a matter of course, all of a sudden, be at a loss, have a chance, have a good time, have a hand in, have a say, have a try, keep an eye on, on a large scale, with a firm hand, take a fancy to, be in a hurry, take a walk, take an interest in等.
3. 习惯用零冠词的表达
at noon/night/dawn/midnight, in town, in front of, at bottom, in order, in peace, at hand, at home, at last, at present, at stake, at war, by way of, day and night, without result, on top of, in trouble, in sight, from beginning to end, in advance, in haste, in danger, in case(of), in possession of, in fashion, in fact, take part in, take place等.
