云环境安装数据库快速完成流程
华为指导云主机mysql安装流程：
前言，最近需要在云主机在搞一台数据库做新测试，传统二进制安装太麻烦，提交了华为工单，得到了华为工程师发来的文档，然后照着完成了从安装到配置的过程，做了一个笔记供以后需要在查看。
以下操作为华为发的资料记录，比较精简快速安装数据库，比网上教程精简多了。
第一步安装数据库。以下资料来源于华为技术整理
安装MySQL。
依次执行以下命令，安装MySQL。
wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
yum -y install mysql-community-server --nogpgcheck
依次执行以下命令，启动MySQL服务并设置开机自启动。
systemctl start mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld
查看MySQL运行状态。
systemctl status mysqld.service
[root@ecs-adc3 ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2021-08-16 19:33:40 CST; 36s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Main PID: 7916 (mysqld)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─7916 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
Aug 16 19:33:35 ecs-adc3 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Aug 16 19:33:40 ecs-adc3 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
执行以下命令，获取安装MySQL时自动设置的root用户密码。
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
回显如下类似信息。
2018-08-29T07:27:37.541944Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 2YY?3uHUA?Ys
执行以下命令，并按照回显提示信息进行操作，加固MySQL。
mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Enter password for user root: #输入上一步骤中获取的安装MySQL时自动设置的root用户密码
The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.
New password: #设置新的root用户密码
Re-enter new password: #再次输入密码
The 'validate_password' plugin is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration of the plugin.
Using existing password for root.
Estimated strength of the password: 100
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N #是否更改root用户密码，输入N
... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #是否删除匿名用户，输入Y
Success.
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #禁止root远程登录，输入Y
Success.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #是否删除test库和对它的访问权限，输入Y
- Dropping test database...
Success.
- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #是否重新加载授权表，输入Y
Success.
All done!
以上为安装过程，接下来记录配置过程。
配置流程
在配置以下操作时需要登录数据库使用命令登陆
mysql -h localhost -u root -P 3306 -p
配置用户和地址权限
让root 用户可以登陆所有帐户
create user 'root'@'%' identified by '3RSG1v7Sz,iv'
设置权限，任何地方都能登
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;
刷新权限
flush privileges
exit 退出登陆数据库进行全局端口配置
配置端口 3306，通过以下命令开启3306
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload 重启防火墙
查看开启的端口
firewall-cmd --list-port
云服务器需要配置安全组，以上操作完成mysql配置数据库
如有不行可能需要重启计算机
有时候需要操作防火墙，关于防火墙相方面，关掉防火墙，以下是附属技术，关于防火墙
1、命令行界面输入命令“systemctl status firewalld.service”并按下回车键。
2、然后在下方可度以查看得到“active（running）”，此时说明防火墙已经被打开了。
3、在命令行中输入systemctl stop firewalld.service命令，进行关闭防火墙。
4、然后再使用命令systemctl status firewalld.service，在下方出现disavtive（dead），这权样就说明防火墙已经关闭。
5、再在命令行中输入命令“systemctl disable firewalld.service”命令，即可永久关闭防火
