Spring集成MyBatis

本文原创,原文地址为http://www.cnblogs.com/fengzheng/p/5045105.html 

如果觉得Hibernate不够灵活,可以尝试用Mybatis。相比于Hibernate,Mybatis则显得更加轻量、更加灵活,对于我这种不喜欢被束缚的人,使用Mybatis更加顺手、舒心一些。

MyBatis是什么

MyBatis 是支持定制化 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射的优秀的持久层框架。MyBatis 避免了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码和手动设置参数以及获取结果集。MyBatis 可以对配置和原生Map使用简单的 XML 或注解,将接口和 Java 的 POJOs(Plain Old Java Objects,普通的 Java对象)映射成数据库中的记录。

项目结构及说明

项目最终结构如下图:

 

项目结构介绍:

  • com.springapp.mvc包为mvc结构,分别为视图、数据访问层、模型、服务接口。
  • resource中分别放置各种配置文件和属性定义文件
  • webapp/WEB-INF/view中为freemarker的模板文件
  • mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml为默认的mvc配置文件
  • web.xml是java web项目配置文件

引用MyBatis的支持

之前创建MVC项目的过程不是本文介绍重点,略过不讲。此项目采用maven的方式创建,引用MyBatis非常简单,只需在pom文件中添加如下内容:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>  

除此之外还要包括mysql驱动器包、freemarker等,完整的pom文件配置如下:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.springapp</groupId>
    <artifactId>springmvc_mybatis</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springmvc_mybatis</name>

    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <!--Spring mvc -->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
            <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.23</version>
        </dependency>


        <!--freemarker依赖此包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- myBatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- mysql驱动包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.29</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>springmvc_mybatis</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.6</source>
                    <target>1.6</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*Tests.java</include>
                    </includes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

如果项目采用非maven方式创建,可下载MyBatis的相关的jar包,引用到项目中。包括mybatis和mybatis-spring这两个jar包,其中mybatis-spring是mybatis对spring的支持。

开始使用MyBatis

创建数据库test,并添加表tt_user,创建表的sql如下:

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tt_user`;
CREATE TABLE `tt_user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; 

在resource/conf中添加jdbc配置文件,设置相关属性,属性内容如下:

jdbc_driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc_url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc_username=root
jdbc_password=root

在dao中添加user的数据访问层接口,内容如下,其中接口定义了getUserById()和getUserCount()两个方法:

public interface UserDao {
    public User getUserById(int id);

    public int getUserCount();
}

在model中添加user的对象模型类,这里定义的字段名和数据库字段名相同,方便MyBatis查询结果和对象实体做映射,不用再定义resultmap:

public class User {

    private int id;

    private int age;

    private String name;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

在service中定义服务接口和接口实现:

接口定义如下:

public interface UserService {
    public User getUserById(int id);

    public int getUserCount();
}

接口实现如下:

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {


    @Resource(name = "userDao")
    private UserDao userDao;

    public User getUserById(int id){
        return userDao.getUserById(id);
    }

    public int getUserCount(){
        return userDao.getUserCount();
    }
}

以上这些定义了关于User对象的一系列mvc层次代码,接下来定义UserMapper文件,此文件是MyBatis中SQL定义文件,需要在此配置文件中定义dao数据访问接口中需要用到的sql语句,本例比较简单只有两个方法,分别是getUserById和getUserCount,命名为UserMapper.xml,并存放在resource/mapper文件夹中,内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
 PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.springapp.mvc.dao.UserDao">
    <select id="getUserById" resultType="com.springapp.mvc.model.User">
        SELECT * FROM tt_user WHERE id = #{id}
    </select>

    <select id="getUserCount" resultType="int">
        SELECT COUNT(*) FROM tt_user
    </select>
</mapper>

其中id为dao数据访问接口中方法名称,resultType为返回值类型,参数需要用#{参数名}表示。

配置mybatis-config,指定mapper文件以及给实体设定别名,在resource/conf文件夹中创建mybatis-config.xml,内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!-- 命名空间 设置别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <typeAlias alias="User" type="com.springapp.mvc.model.User"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <!-- 映射map 指定映射文件-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="mapper/UserMapper.xml"></mapper>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

通过设置mappers,设置数据访问接口对应的映射文件,通过设置typeAlias,指定实体模型的别名,例如,这里讲com.springapp.mvc.model.User设置别名为User,那么在UserMapper.xml中,可以将getUserById的resultType直接指定为User,就不需要加包前缀了。

最后,在mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml中配置相关的bean、freemarker等配置,内容如下:

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.springapp.mvc"/>

    <!-- 导入属性配置文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:conf/jdbc.properties" />

    <!--配置数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName">
            <value>${jdbc_driverClassName}</value>
        </property>
        <property name="url">
            <value>${jdbc_url}</value>
        </property>
        <property name="username">
            <value>${jdbc_username}</value>
        </property>
        <property name="password">
            <value>${jdbc_password}</value>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:conf/mybatis-config.xml" />
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

    <!-- mapper bean -->
    <bean id="userDao" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean">
        <property name="mapperInterface" value="com.springapp.mvc.dao.UserDao" />
        <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="userService" class="com.springapp.mvc.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
        <!--<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>  若启用此配置 UserServiceImpl类中的userDao必须具有setter和getter-->
    </bean>


    <!-- freemarker的配置 -->
    <bean id="freemarkerConfigurer"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
        <property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/view/" />
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
        <property name="freemarkerSettings">
            <props>
                <prop key="template_update_delay">10</prop>
                <prop key="locale">zh_CN</prop>
                <prop key="datetime_format">yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss</prop>
                <prop key="date_format">yyyy-MM-dd</prop>
                <prop key="number_format">#.##</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <!-- FreeMarker视图解析 如返回userinfo。。在这里配置后缀名ftl和视图解析器。。 -->
    <bean id="viewResolver"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass"
                  value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".ftl" />
        <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=utf-8" />
        <property name="exposeRequestAttributes" value="true" />
        <property name="exposeSessionAttributes" value="true" />
        <property name="exposeSpringMacroHelpers" value="true" />
    </bean>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

之后在controller中加入视图方法,输出查询内容:

import com.springapp.mvc.dao.UserDao;
import com.springapp.mvc.model.User;
import com.springapp.mvc.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/restful")
public class HelloController {

	@Resource(name = "userService")
	private UserService userService;

	@RequestMapping(value = "/userinfo/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public String showUserInfo(@PathVariable int id, ModelMap model){
		User user = userService.getUserById(id);
		if(user!=null) {
			model.addAttribute("name", user.getName());
		}else{
			model.addAttribute("name","查无此用户");
		}
		return "home";
	}



	@RequestMapping(value = "/home",method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public String showHome(ModelMap model){
		int count = userService.getUserCount();
		model.addAttribute("count",count);
		return "count";
	}
}

通过浏览器访问页面,即可输出内容:

  

demo下载

posted @ 2015-12-14 15:43  风的姿态  阅读(2902)  评论(3编辑  收藏  举报