接口 - 基本请求与响应断言

一、基本常用请求

• get query

• post body
  • form请求（详情参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/bester-ace/articles/9234229.html）
  • 结构化请求：json、xml、json rpc
  • binary

#!/usr/bin/python3.8.9
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# @Author  : Tina Yu
# @Time    : 2022-2-20 15:38
import requests
from jsonpath import jsonpath


class TestDemo:
    def test_get(self):
        r = requests.get('https://httpbin.testing-studio.com/get')
        print(r.status_code)
        print(r.json())
        print(r.text)
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_query(self):
        """
        query使用params，请求参数在url后面。
        """
        payload = {
            'level': 1,
            'name': "tina"
        }
        r = requests.get('https://httpbin.testing-studio.com/get', params=payload)
        print(r.text)
        assert r.status_code == 200

    def test_post_form(self):
        """
        form格式，使用data；请求的参数在请求体中。
        """
        payload = {
            "user_name": "tina",
            "pwd": 123456
        }
        r = requests.post('https://httpbin.testing-studio.com/post', data=payload)
        print(r.text)
        # assert r.status_code == 200
        assert r.json()['form']['pwd'] == '123456'

    def test_post_json(self):
        """
        json格式，使用json；请求的参数在请求体中。
        """
        payload = {
            "user_name": "tina",
            "pwd": 123456
        }
        r = requests.post('https://httpbin.testing-studio.com/post', json=payload)
        print(r.text)
        # assert r.status_code == 200
        assert r.json()['json']['pwd'] == 123456

    def test_header(self):
        """
        r.json()['headers']['xxx']获取header中某个字段值，然后做校验
        """
        r = requests.get("https://httpbin.testing-studio.com/get", headers={"h": "tina"})
        print(r.json())
        print(r.headers)
        assert r.json()['headers']['H'] == "tina"

二、响应断言

• json断言
• json path

def test_assert_by_json(self):
        """
        jsonpath需要安装：pip install jsonpath，导入：from jsonpath import jsonpath
        """
        r = requests.get("https://home.testing-studio.com/categories.json")
        print(r.text)
        assert r.status_code == 200
        
        # 通过json直接获取结果做校验
        assert r.json()['category_list']['categories'][0]['name'] == '开源项目'
        
        # 通过jsonpath获取结果做校验
        assert jsonpath(r.json(), '$..name')[0] == '开源项目'

• xml 断言 、xpath 断言

    def test_assert_by_xml(self):
        """
        安装：pip install requests_xml
        导入：from requests_xml import XMLSession
        """
        session = XMLSession()
        r = session.get('https://www.nasa.gov/rss/dyn/lg_image_of_the_day.rss')
        print(r.xml.text)
        link_list = r.xml.links  # 获取链接地址的列表
        item = r.xml.xpath('//item', first=True)  # 获取第一个节点的值
        print(item.text)
        assert link_list[0] == 'http://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/eclipse-over-antarctica'

• xml 解析
• hamcrest 断言体系（官网：hamcrest.org）

def test_assert_by_hamcrest(self):
        """
        安装：pip install hamcrest
        导入：from hamcrest import *
        """
        a = 1
        b = 3
        c = a + b
        assert_that(c, equal_to(4))