springmvc入门一

第一章回顾javaweb中的MVC设计模式

1)MVC这种设计模式,不光运用于Web领域,而且也能用于非Web领域

2)今天说的MVC特指一种表现层设计模式,不限于Java语言

 

 

第二章回顾struts2+spring+jdbc+oracle开发

1)需求:学生注册

2)struts2框架有如下特点:

    每次请求action时,都创建action实例,多例/原型

    action类一成不变的直接或间接继续ActionSupport类

 action类中的业务控制方法总是相类似的签名且无参

    action类中,接收参数要用实例变量和对应的set方法或set/get方法

struts.xml配置文件,必须以struts.xml命名,且放在src目录下

.. .. ..

 

 

第三章什么是springmvc,它与spring有什么关系

springmvc属于spring框架的后续产品,用在基于MVC的表现层开发,类似于struts2框架

参见<<springmvc与spring的关系.JPG>>

 

 

第四章初识springmvc工作流程

参见<<初识springmvc工作流程.JPG>>

 

 

第五章 springmvc快速入门(XML版本)

1)springmvc快速入门(传统版)

   步一:创建javaee-springmvc-day01这么一个web应用

   步二:导入springioc,springweb , springmvc相关的jar包

步三:在/WEB-INF/下创建web.xml文件

    <!-- 注册springmvc框架核心控制器 -->

    <servlet>

       <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>

       <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

       <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>

    </servlet-mapping>

步四:创建HelloAction.java控制器类

/**

 * 控制器

*/

public class HelloAction implements Controller{

    /**

     * 业务方法

     */

    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest requqest,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

       ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

       modelAndView.addObject("message","这是我的第一个springmvc应用程序");

       modelAndView.setViewName("/jsp/success.jsp");

       return modelAndView;

    }

}

步五:在/WebRoot/下创建jsp/success.jsp

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

  <head>

    <title>这是我的第一个springmvc应用程序</title>

  </head>

  <body>

    success.jsp<br/>

    ${message}

  </body>

</html>

步六:在/WEB-INF/创建DispatcherServlet-servlet.xml配置文件,xml头部信息与spring.xml相同

       注意:该配置文件的命名规则:web.xml文件中配置的<servlet-name>的值-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans

      xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

      xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

      xsi:schemaLocation="

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

      <!-- 控制器 -->

      <bean name="/hello.action" class="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.app05.HelloAction">

      </bean>      

      <!-- 映射器 -->

      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping">

      </bean>

      <!-- 适配器 -->

      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter">

      </bean>

      <!-- 解析器 -->

      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

      </bean>

</beans>     

步七:部署web应用到tomcat中,通过浏览器访问如下URL:

       http://127.0.0.1:8080/javaee-springmvc-day01/hello.action

 

 

第六章加载自定义目录下的springmvc.xml配置文件

在默认情况下:springmvc框架的配置文件必须叫<servlet-name>-servlet.xml

且必须放在/WEB-INF/目录下,我们可以在web.xml文件中,为DispatcherServlet配置一个初始化参数,

让它去我们指定的目录下加载springmvc.xml配置文件,web.xml代码如下:

    <!-- 注册springmvc框架核心控制器 -->

    <servlet>

       <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

       <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

       <init-param>

           <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

           <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/cn/itcast/javaee/springmvc/config/springmvc.xml</param-value>   

       </init-param>

    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>

       <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

       <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>

    </servlet-mapping>

如果springmvc.xml配置文件放在src目录下,web.xml代码如下:

    <!-- 注册springmvc框架核心控制器 -->

    <servlet>

       <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

       <init-param>

           <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

           <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value> 

       </init-param>

    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>

       <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

       <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>

    </servlet-mapping>

 

 

第七章解析器InternalResourceViewResolver

ModelAndView对象中即可以封装真实视图路径名,也可以封装视图路径的逻辑名,springmvc.xml

代码如下:

    <!-- 解析器 --> 

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

        <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/>

        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>

    </bean>

Action类代码如下:

modelAndView.setViewName("success");

注意:如果ModelAndView对象中封装的是真实视图的路径名,那么视图解析器的配置可省

 

 

第八章映射器BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping

1)  org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping(核心)

将程序员定义的Action所对应的<bean>标签的name属性作为请求路径

      <!-- 注册控制器(程序员) -->

      <bean name="/add.action" class="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.mapping.UserAction"></bean>

 

      <!-- 注册映射器(handler包)(框架) -->

      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>

注意:springmvc中,默认将<bean>标签的name属性作为请求路径,即BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping可省

 

 

2)  org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping

/delete.action和/update.action和/find.action请求路径都交由<bean>标签为id的Action,即

多个路径对应同一个Action

      <!-- 控制器-->

      <bean name="/add.action" class="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.app02.UserAction"/>

      <bean name="/update.action" class="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.app02.UserAction"/>

      <bean name="/delete.action" class="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.app02.UserAction"/>

      <bean name="/find.action" class="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.app02.UserAction"/>

 

      <!-- 控制器-->

      <bean id="userActionID" class="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.app02.UserAction"/>

      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">

            <property name="mappings">

                <props>

                    <prop key="/add.action">userActionID</prop>

                    <prop key="/update.action">userActionID</prop>

                    <prop key="/delete.action">userActionID</prop>

                    <prop key="/find.action">userActionID</prop>

                </props>

            </property>

      </bean>

 

 

第九章适配器SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter

1)  Action实现Controller接口

org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter

public class EmpAction implements Controller{

    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

       System.out.println("EmpAction::handleRequest");

       request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

       String username = request.getParameter("username");

       ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

       modelAndView.addObject("message",username);

       modelAndView.setViewName("/jsp/success.jsp");

       return modelAndView;

    }

}

注意:springmvc中,默认适配器为SimpleControllerHandlerAdapte,即SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter可省

 

 

第十章控制器AbstractCommandController

1)  org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.ParameterizableViewController

如果请求是/hello.action的请求路径,则直接跳转到/jsp/success.jsp页面,不经过程序员定义的控制器Action

      <bean name="/forward.action" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.ParameterizableViewController">

             <property name="viewName" value="/WEB-INF/forward.jsp"/>       

      </bean>

 

2)  org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractCommandController

能够以实体的形式,收集客户端参数

public class EmpAction extends AbstractCommandController{

    public EmpAction(){

        this.setCommandClass(Emp.class);   

    }

    @Override

    protected ModelAndView handle(

            HttpServletRequest request,

            HttpServletResponse response,

            Object object,

            BindException bindException)throws Exception {

        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

        if(object instanceof Emp){

            Emp emp = (Emp) object;

            modelAndView.addObject("message","增加员工成功");

            modelAndView.addObject("emp",emp);

            modelAndView.setViewName("/jsp/success.jsp");

        }

        return modelAndView;

    }

}

   

<bean name="/add.action" class="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.app05.EmpAction"/>

 

 

第十一章日期转换器和编码过滤器

1)  在默认情况下,springmvc不能将String类型转成Date类型,必须自定义类型转换器

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/add.action" method="POST">

        <table border="2" align="center">

            <tr>

                <th>姓名</th>

                <td><input type="text" name="username"/></td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <th>密码</th>

                <td><input type="password" name="password"/></td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <th>生日</th>

                <td><input type="text" name="birthday" value="2016-1-13"/></td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <td colspan="2" align="center">

                    <input type="submit" value="提交"/>

                </td>

            </tr>

        </table>

    </form>

 

public class Emp {

    private String username;

    private String password;

    private Date birthday;

 

public class EmpAction extends AbstractCommandController{

    public EmpAction(){

        System.out.println("EmpAction()");

        this.setCommandClass(Emp.class);   

    }

    @Override

    protected void initBinder(HttpServletRequest request,ServletRequestDataBinder binder) throws Exception {

        System.out.println("initBinder()");

        binder.registerCustomEditor(java.util.Date.class,new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"),true));

    }

    @Override

    protected ModelAndView handle(

            HttpServletRequest request,

            HttpServletResponse response,

            Object object,

            BindException bindException)throws Exception {

        System.out.println("handle()");

        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

        if(object instanceof Emp){

            Emp emp = (Emp) object;

            modelAndView.addObject("message","增加员工成功");

            modelAndView.addObject("emp",emp);

            modelAndView.setViewName("/jsp/success.jsp");

        }

        return modelAndView;

    }

}

 

    success.jsp<br/>

    ${requestScope.message}<br/>

    姓名:${requestScope.emp.username}<br/>

    密码:${requestScope.emp.password}<br/>

    生日:<fmt:formatDate

            value="${requestScope.emp.birthday}"

            type="date"

            dateStyle="full"/><br/>

 

2)spring提供的,专用于解决POST提交中文乱码问题,需要在web.xml文件中配置

    <!-- 编码过滤器 -->

    <filter>

       <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>

       <filter-class>

    org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter

       </filter-class>

       <init-param>

           <param-name>encoding</param-name>

           <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

       </init-param>

    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>

       <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>

       <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

    </filter-mapping>

 

 

第十二章 springmvcstruts2的区别

1)springmvc的入口是一个servlet,即前端控制器,例如:*.action

   struts2入口是一个filter过虑器,即前端过滤器,例如:/*

2)springmvc是基于方法开发,传递参数是通过方法形参,可以设计为单例

   struts2是基于类开发,传递参数是通过类的属性,只能设计为多例或原型

3)springmvc通过参数解析器是将request对象内容进行解析成方法形参,将响应数据和页面封装成

   ModelAndView对象,最后又将模型数据通过request对象传输到页面

struts采用值栈存储请求和响应的数据,通过OGNL存取数据

   .. …

 

 

第十三章员工管理系统--增加员工

技术:Springmvc + Spring/IOC + Jdbc + Oracle开发

步一:使用orcl数据库emp表

 

 

步二:创建Emp.java

public class Emp {

    private Integer empno;                                           

    private String ename;                                            

    private String job;                                               

    private Integer mgr;                                               

    private java.util.Date hiredate;                                         

    private Integer sal;                                                

    private Integer comm;                                             

    private Integer deptno; 

    public Emp(){}

 

步三:创建JdbcUtil.java

public final class JdbcUtil {

    private static ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();

    public static ComboPooledDataSource getDataSource() {

        return dataSource;

    }

}

 

步四:创建EmpDao.java

public class EmpDao {

    public void add(Emp emp) throws Exception{

        String sql = "insert into emp(empno,ename,job,mgr,hiredate,sal,comm,deptno) values(?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)";

        QueryRunner runner = new QueryRunner(JdbcUtil.getDataSource());

        Object[] params = {

            emp.getEmpno(),

            emp.getEname(),

            emp.getJob(),

            emp.getMgr(),

            new java.sql.Date(emp.getHiredate().getTime()),

            emp.getSal(),

            emp.getComm(),

            emp.getDeptno()

        };

        runner.update(sql,params);

    }

 

步五:创建EmpService.java

public class EmpService {

    private EmpDao empDao;

    public void setEmpDao(EmpDao empDao) {

        this.empDao = empDao;

        System.out.println("注入EmpDao");

    }

    public void register(Emp emp) throws Exception{

        if(emp == null){

            throw new Exception();

        }

        empDao.add(emp);

    }

 

步六:创建EmpAction.java

public class EmpAction extends AbstractCommandController{

    public EmpAction() {

        this.setCommandClass(Emp.class);

    }

    @Override

    protected void initBinder(HttpServletRequest request,ServletRequestDataBinder binder) throws Exception {

        binder.registerCustomEditor(

                java.util.Date.class,

                new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"),true));

    }

    @Override

    protected ModelAndView handle(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response, Object command, BindException errors)throws Exception {

        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

        Emp emp = (Emp)command;

        if(emp.getHiredate()==null){

            emp.setHiredate(new java.util.Date());

        }

        empService.register(emp);

        modelAndView.setViewName("/emp/success.jsp");

        return modelAndView;

    }

    private EmpService empService;

    public void setEmpService(EmpService empService) {

        this.empService = empService;

        System.out.println("注入EmpService");

    }

}

 

步七:创建add.jsp

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/add.action" method="POST">

        <table border="2" align="center">

            <tr>

                <th>编号</th>

                <td><input type="text" name="empno" value="3333"></td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <th>姓名</th>

                <td><input type="text" name="ename" value="SISI"></td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <th>职位</th>

                <td><input type="text" name="job" value="IT"></td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <th>上级编号</th>

                <td><input type="text" name="mgr" value="7788"></td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <th>入职时间</th>

                <td><input type="text" name="hiredate" value="2016-1-13"></td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <th>薪水</th>

                <td><input type="text" name="sal" value="7000"></td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <th>佣金</th>

                <td><input type="text" name="comm" value="3000"></td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <th>部门编号</th>

                <td><input type="text" name="deptno" value="40"></td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <td colspan="2" align="center">

                    <input type="submit" value="注册">

                </td>

            </tr>

        </table>

    </form>

 

步八:配置src/spring.xml

      <bean id="empDaoID" class="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.emp.dao.EmpDao">

      </bean>

     

     

      <bean id="empServiceID" class="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.emp.service.EmpService">

            <property name="empDao" ref="empDaoID"/>

      </bean>  

     

     

      <bean name="/add.action" class="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.emp.controller.EmpAction">

            <property name="empService" ref="empServiceID"/>

      </bean>

 

步九:配置WEB-INF/web.xml

<!-- springmvc核心控制器 -->

    <servlet>

        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

            <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>

        </init-param>

    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>

        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

        <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>

    </servlet-mapping>

 

 

 

    <!-- springmvc核心过滤器,专用于POST请求 -->

    <filter>

        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>

        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>encoding</param-name>

            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

        </init-param>

    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>

        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>

        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

    </filter-mapping>

 

步十:启动服务器,打开浏览器,输入:http://localhost:8080/javaee-springmvc-day01/emp/add.jsp

 

posted @ 2016-02-19 01:27  帅如风  阅读(152)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报