Struts2文件上传下载

Struts2文件上传
  Struts2提供 FileUpload拦截器,用于解析 multipart/form-data 编码格式请求,解析上传文件的内容,fileUpload拦截器 默认在defaultStack栈中, 默认会执行的
  页面:<input type="file" name="upload" />
  在Action需要对上传文件内容进行接收 :

private File upload; // <input type="file" name="upload" />这里变量名 和 页面表单元素 name 属性一致
private String uploadContentType;//格式 :上传表单项name属性 + ContentType 、 上传表单项name属性 + FileName
private String uploadFileName;
public void setUpload(File upload) {//为三个对象 提供 setter 方法
  this.upload = upload;
}
public void setUploadContentType(String uploadContentType) {
  this.uploadContentType = uploadContentType;
}
public void setUploadFileName(String uploadFileName) {
  this.uploadFileName = uploadFileName;
}

  通过FileUtils 提供 copyFile 进行文件复制,将上传文件保存到服务器端

FileUtils.copyFile(upload, new File("d:/upload",uploadFileName));

  关于struts2中文件上传细节:
    1.关于控制文件上传大小
      在default.properties文件中定义了文件上传大小:struts.multipart.maxSize=2097152 上传文件默认的总大小 2m 
    2.在struts2中默认使用的是commons-fileupload进行文件上传。
      # struts.multipart.parser=cos
      # struts.multipart.parser=pell
      struts.multipart.parser=jakarta (如果使用pell,cos进行文件上传,必须导入其jar包)        
    3.如果出现问题,需要配置input视图,在页面上可以通过<s:actionerror>展示错误信息.在页面上展示的信息,全是英文,要想展示中文,国际化
      struts-messages.properties 文件里预定义 上传错误信息,通过覆盖对应key 显示中文信息
      struts.messages.error.uploading=Error uploading: {0}
      struts.messages.error.file.too.large=The file is to large to be uploaded: {0} "{1}" "{2}" {3}
      struts.messages.error.content.type.not.allowed=Content-Type not allowed: {0} "{1}" "{2}" {3}
      struts.messages.error.file.extension.not.allowed=File extension not allowed: {0} "{1}" "{2}" {3}
      修改为
      struts.messages.error.uploading=上传错误: {0}
      struts.messages.error.file.too.large=上传文件太大: {0} "{1}" "{2}" {3}
      struts.messages.error.content.type.not.allowed=上传文件的类型不允许: {0} "{1}" "{2}" {3}
      struts.messages.error.file.extension.not.allowed=上传文件的后缀名不允许: {0} "{1}" "{2}" {3}
        {0}:<input type=“file” name=“uploadImage”>中name属性的值
        {1}:上传文件的真实名称
        {2}:上传文件保存到临时目录的名称
        {3}:上传文件的类型(对struts.messages.error.file.too.large是上传文件的大小)
    4.关于多文件上传时的每个上传文件大小控制以及上传文件类型控制.
      1.多文件上传
        只需要将action属性声明成List集合或数组就可以。

private List<File> upload;
private List<String> uploadContentType;
private List<String> uploadFileName;    

      2.怎样控制每一个上传文件的大小以及上传文件的类型
        在fileupload拦截器中,通过其属性进行控制.
          maximumSize---每一个上传文件大小
          allowedTypes--允许上传文件的mimeType类型.
          allowedExtensions--允许上传文件的后缀名.

<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack">
  <param name="fileUpload.allowedExtensions">txt,mp3,doc</param>
</interceptor-ref>

  多文件上传案例:

import java.io.File;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class UploadAction extends ActionSupport {
    // 在action类中需要声明三个属性
    private List<File> upload;
    private List<String> uploadContentType;
    private List<String> uploadFileName;
    public List<File> getUpload() {
        return upload;
    }
    public void setUpload(List<File> upload) {
        this.upload = upload;
    }
    public List<String> getUploadContentType() {
        return uploadContentType;
    }
    public void setUploadContentType(List<String> uploadContentType) {
        this.uploadContentType = uploadContentType;
    }
    public List<String> getUploadFileName() {
        return uploadFileName;
    }
    public void setUploadFileName(List<String> uploadFileName) {
        this.uploadFileName = uploadFileName;
    }
    @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        for (int i = 0; i < upload.size(); i++) {
            System.out.println("上传文件的类型:" + uploadContentType.get(i));
            System.out.println("上传文件的名称:" + uploadFileName.get(i));
            // 完成文件上传.
            FileUtils.copyFile(upload.get(i), new File("d:/upload", uploadFileName.get(i)));
        }
        return null;
    }
}
UploadAction
<s:actionerror/>
      <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
          <input type="file" name="upload"><br>
          <input type="file" name="upload"><br>
          <input type="file" name="upload"><br>
          <input type="submit" value="上传">
      </form>
upload.jsp
<struts>
    <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="message"></constant>
    <constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="20971520"></constant>
    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
        <action name="upload" class="cn.itcast.action.UploadAction">
            <result name="input">/upload.jsp</result>
            <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack">
                <param name="maximumSize">2097152</param>
                <param name="fileUpload.allowedExtensions">txt,mp3,doc</param>
            </interceptor-ref>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>
struts.xml

 

struts2中文件下载
  通过<result type="stream">完成  
    <result-type name="stream" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StreamResult"/>
  在StreamResult类中有三个属性:
    protected String contentType = "text/plain"; //用于设置下载文件的mimeType类型
    protected String contentDisposition = "inline";//用于设置进行下载操作以及下载文件的名称
    protected InputStream inputStream; //用于读取要下载的文件。
  要在action类中定义三个方法用于在XML文件中通过ognl获取值

// 设置下载文件mimeType类型
public String getContentType() {
  String mimeType = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getMimeType(filename);
  return mimeType;
}
// 获取下载文件名称
public String getDownloadFileName() throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
  return DownloadUtils.getDownloadFileName(ServletActionContext.getRequest().getHeader("user-agent"), filename);
}
public InputStream getInputStream() throws FileNotFoundException,UnsupportedEncodingException {
  filename = new String(filename.getBytes("iso8859-1"), "utf-8"); // 解决get请求中文名称乱码.
  FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("d:/upload/" + filename);
  return fis;
}

  要在配置文件中配置

<result type="stream">
  <param name="contentType">${contentType}</param> <!-- 调用当前action中的getContentType()方法 -->
  <param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename=${downloadFileName}</param>
  <param name="inputStream">${inputStream}</param><!-- 调用当前action中的getInputStream()方法 -->
</result>

  注:
    1:在struts2中进行下载时,如果使用<result type="stream">它有缺陷,例如:下载点击后,取消下载,服务器端会产生异常。
      在开发中的解决方案:可以下载一个struts2下载操作的插件,它解决了stream问题。
    2:处理浏览器之间不同的编码的getDownloadFileName方法

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;

public class DownloadUtils {

    public static String getDownloadFileName(String agent, String filename) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
        if (agent.contains("MSIE")) {
            // IE浏览器
            filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");

        } else if (agent.contains("Firefox")) {
            // 火狐浏览器
            BASE64Encoder base64Encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
            filename = "=?utf-8?B?"
                    + base64Encoder.encode(filename.getBytes("utf-8")) + "?=";
        } else {
            // 其它浏览器
            filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8");
        }

        return filename;
    }
}
DownloadUtils

  下载案例:

<body>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/download?filename=a.txt">a.txt</a><br>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/download?filename=捕获.png">捕获.png</a><br>
</body>
download.jsp
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import cn.itcast.utils.DownloadUtils;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class DownloadAction extends ActionSupport {

    private String filename; // 要下载文件的名称

    public String getFilename() {
        return filename;
    }

    public void setFilename(String filename) {
        this.filename = filename;
    }

    // 设置下载文件mimeType类型
    public String getContentType() {

        String mimeType = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getMimeType(
                filename);
        return mimeType;
    }

    // 获取下载文件名称
    public String getDownloadFileName() throws UnsupportedEncodingException {

        return DownloadUtils.getDownloadFileName(ServletActionContext
                .getRequest().getHeader("user-agent"), filename);

    }

    public InputStream getInputStream() throws FileNotFoundException,
            UnsupportedEncodingException {

        filename = new String(filename.getBytes("iso8859-1"), "utf-8"); // 解决中文名称乱码.

        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("d:/upload/" + filename);
        return fis;
    }

    @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("进行下载....");
        return SUCCESS;
    }

}
DownloadAction
<action name="download" class="cn.itcast.action.DownloadAction">
            <result type="stream">
                <param name="contentType">${contentType}</param> <!-- 调用当前action中的getContentType()方法 -->
                <param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename=${downloadFileName}</param>
                <param name="inputStream">${inputStream}</param><!-- 调用当前action中的getInputStream()方法 -->
            </result>
        </action>
struts.xml
posted @ 2016-12-09 13:45  凌晨。。。三点  阅读(542)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报