Struts2请求参数校验

校验的分类

  客户端数据校验 和 服务器端数据校验
  客户端数据校验 ,通过JavaScript 完成校验 (改善用户体验,使用户减少出错 )
  服务器数据校验 ,通过Java代码 完成校验

struts2 支持校验方式
  代码校验(用的很少) :在服务器端通过编写java代码,完成数据校验
  配置校验(主流):XML配置校验(主流) 和 注解配置校验
  代码校验请求参数
    步骤一: 封装数据
    步骤二: 实现校验Action ,必须继承ActionSupport 类
    步骤三: 覆盖validate方法(validate方法在请求处理方法execute之前执行!)通过代码逻辑判断参数是否有效,如果参数非法,用this.addFieldError(ActionSupport提供)存储校验错误信息,跳转回 input页面
    步骤四: 在jsp中 通过 <s:fieldError/>(打印所有错误信息)(或<s:fielderror fieldName="">(打印某个错误信息))显示错误信息
    validate方法会对Action中所有业务方法进行校验,如果只想校验某一个方法:用validate方法名()(例如validateRegist())

    示例:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
        <action name="regist" class="com.yzu.RegistAction">
                <result name="input">/index.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>
struts.xml
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  
  <body>
      <s:fielderror/>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/regist" method="post">
        username:<input type="text" name="username"><s:fielderror fieldName="username.message"/><br>
        password:<input type="password" name="password"><s:fielderror fieldName="password.message"/><br>
        <input type="submit" value="注册">
    </form>
  </body>
</html>
index.jsp
package com.yzu;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
//使用模型驱动
public class RegistAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User> {
    private User user = new User();
    public User getModel() {
        return user;
    }
    @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("execute method.....");
        return null;
    }
    @Override
    public void validate() {
        System.out.println(11);
        if (user.getUsername() == null
                || user.getUsername().trim().length() == 0) {
            // 说明用户名为空
            this.addFieldError("username.message", "用户名不能为空");
        }
        if (user.getPassword() == null
                || user.getPassword().trim().length() == 0) {
            this.addFieldError("password.message", "密码不能为空");
        }
    }
}
RegistAction
package com.yzu;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Date;

public class User {

    private String username;
    private String password;
    private int age;
    private Date birthday;
    private String[] hobby;

    private String url;
    private String email;
    private String telphone;

    private String repassword;

    public String getRepassword() {
        return repassword;
    }

    public void setRepassword(String repassword) {
        this.repassword = repassword;
    }

    public String getUrl() {
        return url;
    }

    public void setUrl(String url) {
        this.url = url;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getTelphone() {
        return telphone;
    }

    public void setTelphone(String telphone) {
        this.telphone = telphone;
    }

    public String[] getHobby() {
        return hobby;
    }

    public void setHobby(String[] hobby) {
        this.hobby = hobby;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [username=" + username + ", password=" + password
                + ", age=" + age + ", birthday=" + birthday + ", hobby="
                + Arrays.toString(hobby) + "]";
    }

}
User

  Xml配置方式数据校验
    XML配置方式是主流校验的校验方式,代码校验不适用于大型项目,因为当流程数据复杂时,代码校验的开发量和维护量都会很大
    xml配置校验原理 :将很多校验规则代码已经写好,只需要在xml中定义数据所使用校验规则就可以了
    配置文件配置要求
      位置:xml文件要与action类在同一个包下
      名称:action类名-validation.xml
      约束: xwork-core-2.3.7.jar 中 xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd 下

<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
"-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd">

      书写:
        1.根元素:<validators>
        2.子元素:<field name="属性名称"></field>
        3.<field>子元素 :<field-validator type="校验器"> 这个是指定校验器
          Struts2提供的校验器有如下这些(xwork-core-2.3.7.jar 中 /com/opensymphony/xwork2/validator/validators/default.xml下

<validator name="required" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RequiredFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="requiredstring" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RequiredStringValidator"/>
<validator name="int" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.IntRangeFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="long" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.LongRangeFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="short" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ShortRangeFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="double" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.DoubleRangeFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="date" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.DateRangeFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="expression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ExpressionValidator"/>
<validator name="fieldexpression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.FieldExpressionValidator"/>
<validator name="email" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.EmailValidator"/>
<validator name="url" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.URLValidator"/>
<validator name="visitor" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.VisitorFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="conversion" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ConversionErrorFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="stringlength" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.StringLengthFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="regex" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RegexFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="conditionalvisitor" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ConditionalVisitorFieldValidator"/>    

        4.<field-validator>子元素:<message>错误信息</message>
        5.<field-validator>子元素:<param name="">值</param>用于指定校验器中的参数.
        内建校验器介绍

required (必填校验器,要求被校验的属性值不能为null)
requiredstring (必填字符串校验器,要求被校验的属性值不能为null,并且长度大于0,默认情况下会对字符串去前后空格)
stringlength (字符串长度校验器,要求被校验的属性值必须在指定的范围内,否则校验失败,minLength参数指定最小长度,maxLength参数指定最大长度,trim参数指定校验field之前是否去除字符串前后的空格)
regex (正则表达式校验器,检查被校验的属性值是否匹配一个正则表达式,expression参数指定正则表达式,caseSensitive参数指定进行正则表达式匹配时,是否区分大小写,默认值为true)
int(整数校验器,要求field的整数值必须在指定范围内,min指定最小值,max指定最大值)
double(双精度浮点数校验器,要求field的双精度浮点数必须在指定范围内,min指定最小值,max指定最大值)
fieldexpression (字段OGNL表达式校验器,要求field满足一个ognl表达式,expression参数指定ognl表达式,该逻辑表达式基于ValueStack进行求值,返回true时校验通过,否则不通过)
email(邮件地址校验器,要求如果被校验的属性值非空,则必须是合法的邮件地址)
url(网址校验器,要求如果被校验的属性值非空,则必须是合法的url地址)
date(日期校验器,要求field的日期值必须在指定范围内,min指定最小值,max指定最大值)

案例

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
          "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.3//EN"
          "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd">

<validators>
    <!-- 对username属性进行校验 -->
    <field name="username">
        <!-- 指定username不能为空 -->
        <field-validator type="requiredstring">
            <!-- 错误信息 -->
            <message>用户名不能为空--------</message>
        </field-validator>
        <!-- 长度校验,规定用户名必须在6-10位之间 -->
        <field-validator type="stringlength">
            <param name="maxLength">10</param>
            <param name="minLength">6</param>
            <message>用户名必须在${minLength}-${maxLength}位之间</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>

    <!-- 对age进行校验,规定年龄必须在10-40之间 -->
    <field name="age">
        <field-validator type="int">
            <param name="min">10</param>
            <param name="max">40</param>
            <message>年龄必须在${min}--${max}之间</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>

    <!-- 对birthday进行校验 -->
    <field name="birthday">
        <field-validator type="date">
            <param name="min">1974-01-01</param>
            <param name="max">2004-12-31</param>
            <message>生日必须在${min}年到${max}年之间</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>

    <!-- 校验邮箱 -->
    <field name="email">
        <field-validator type="email">
            <message>邮箱格式不正确</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>

    <!-- url校验 -->

    <field name="url">
        <field-validator type="url">
            <message>url不能这空,类似于http://www.baidu.com</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>

    <!-- 使用正则 -->
    <field name="telphone">
        <field-validator type="regex">
            <param name="regexExpression"><![CDATA[^135[0-9]{8}$]]></param>
            <message>电话号码必须是135xxxxxxxx</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>

    <field name="repassword">
        <field-validator type="fieldexpression">
            <param name="expression"><![CDATA[(password==repassword)]]></param>
            <message>两次密码输入不一致</message>
        </field-validator>
    </field>

</validators>    
UserAction-regist-validation.xml 

自定义校验规则(了解一下就行,实际开发中很少用到自定义校验器)
  步骤一: 自定义校验器 必须实现 Validator 接口
      通常自定义校验器 继承 ValidatorSupport 和 FieldValidatorSupport
        ValidatorSupport 针对不是一个输入字段 (两个密码一致)
        FieldValidatorSupport 针对是一个输入字段 (用户名非空)
  步骤二: 注册校验器
      在工程的src下新建validators.xml文件,引入 xwork-core-2.3.7.jar 中 xwork-validator-config-1.0.dtd
  步骤三 :使用校验器
      在Action所有包 创建Action类名-validation.xml

posted @ 2016-12-07 22:54  凌晨。。。三点  阅读(437)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报