android获取https证书
最近碰到一个问题, 有朋友问android这边能不能拿到服务器下发的证书,意思就是 自签名证书的https接口,在请求的时候,也没有添加自签名证书进信任列表,直接去发https请求,按照正常https步骤去理解,服务器会返回一个证书,这个证书由于客户端没有添加进信任列表,会导致https请求失败,提示没有找到信任的证书。 朋友疑问: 在服务器返回证书的时候,能不能强行信任呢?
针对这个问题, 我在这边做了测试:
1,由ca签发的ssl证书,部署一个服务
不设置请求的SSLSocketFactory,直接进行https请求
验证结果:ok
2,自签名的ssl证书,部署一个服务
不设置请求的SSLSocketFactory,直接进行https请求
验证结果:error,报错信息 java.security.cert.CertPathValidatorException: Trust anchor for certification path not found,大体意思是没有找打信任的证书,也就是说这个证书没有被当前的请求对象所信任。
看报错信息是android系统已经封装好的证书校验规则。
但是如果不想本地预埋自签名证书,也不想让后台暴露证书下载的接口,该怎么办呢?
我这边提供一个比较简陋的方法,通过webview访问目标https地址,通过webview的onReceivedSslError方法,拿到SslError中的SslCertificate,然后再根据SslCertificate中的saveState方法获取Bundle,从bundle中拿到"x509-certificate"的字节数组,作为字节流读取流,通过通用的httpsutils,设置请求对象的sslsocketfactory。
代码如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 | package com.example.ajaxhttpsdemo; import android.content.Context; import android.net.http.SslCertificate; import android.net.http.SslError; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Handler; import android.util.Log; import android.webkit.SslErrorHandler; import android.webkit.WebSettings; import android.webkit.WebView; import android.webkit.WebViewClient; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.security.KeyManagementException; import java.security.KeyStore; import java.security.KeyStoreException; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.security.cert.CertificateException; import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory; import java.security.cert.X509Certificate; import javax.net.ssl.KeyManager; import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory; import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext; import javax.net.ssl.SSLException; import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory; import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager; import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory; import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager; public class HttpsGetSSLSocketFactory { private static SslCertificate sslCertificate; public static class SSLParams { public SSLSocketFactory sSLSocketFactory; public X509TrustManager trustManager; } public interface Callback{ void onSuccess(SSLParams sslParams); void onError(Exception e); } public static class MySSLException extends Exception{ public MySSLException(String str) { super (str); } } public static void getSslSocketFactoryOnMainThread(Context context, String httpsUrl, final Callback callback){ WebView webView = new WebView(context); webView.setWebViewClient( new WebViewClient(){ @Override public void onReceivedSslError(WebView view, SslErrorHandler handler, SslError error) { sslCertificate = error.getCertificate(); handler.proceed(); if (sslCertificate!= null ){ Bundle bundle = SslCertificate.saveState(sslCertificate); byte [] byteArray = bundle.getByteArray( "x509-certificate" ); //从bundle中拿出写入的x509证书 // byte[] byteArray = "123456".getBytes();//测试错误证书 if (byteArray!= null && byteArray.length> 0 ){ try { callback.onSuccess(getSslSocketFactory( new ByteArrayInputStream(byteArray))); } catch (Exception e) { callback.onError(e); } } } else { callback.onError( new MySSLException( "没有获取到服务器证书" )); } } }); webView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled( true ); webView.getSettings().setCacheMode(WebSettings.LOAD_NO_CACHE); webView.loadUrl(httpsUrl); } private static SSLParams getSslSocketFactory(InputStream... certificates) throws Exception { SSLParams sslParams = new SSLParams(); try { TrustManager[] trustManagers = prepareTrustManager(certificates); KeyManager[] keyManagers = prepareKeyManager( null , null ); SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance( "TLS" ); X509TrustManager trustManager; if (trustManagers != null ) { trustManager = new MyTrustManager( chooseTrustManager(trustManagers)); } else { throw new Exception( "证书错误" ); } sslContext.init(keyManagers, new TrustManager[]{trustManager}, null ); sslParams.sSLSocketFactory = sslContext.getSocketFactory(); sslParams.trustManager = trustManager; return sslParams; } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { throw new AssertionError(e); } catch (KeyManagementException e) { throw new AssertionError(e); } catch (KeyStoreException e) { throw new AssertionError(e); } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } } private static X509TrustManager chooseTrustManager( TrustManager[] trustManagers) { for (TrustManager trustManager : trustManagers) { if (trustManager instanceof X509TrustManager) { return (X509TrustManager) trustManager; } } return null ; } private static TrustManager[] prepareTrustManager( InputStream... certificates) { if (certificates == null || certificates.length <= 0 ) return null ; try { CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory .getInstance( "X.509" ); KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore .getDefaultType()); keyStore.load( null ); int index = 0 ; for (InputStream certificate : certificates) { String certificateAlias = Integer.toString(index++); keyStore.setCertificateEntry(certificateAlias, certificateFactory.generateCertificate(certificate)); try { if (certificate != null ) certificate.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory; trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory .getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()); trustManagerFactory.init(keyStore); return trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null ; } private static KeyManager[] prepareKeyManager(InputStream bksFile, String password) { try { if (bksFile == null || password == null ) return null ; KeyStore clientKeyStore = KeyStore.getInstance( "PKCS12" ); clientKeyStore.load(bksFile, password.toCharArray()); KeyManagerFactory keyManagerFactory = KeyManagerFactory .getInstance(KeyManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()); keyManagerFactory.init(clientKeyStore, password.toCharArray()); return keyManagerFactory.getKeyManagers(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null ; } private static class MyTrustManager implements X509TrustManager { private X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager; private X509TrustManager localTrustManager; public MyTrustManager(X509TrustManager localTrustManager) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyStoreException { TrustManagerFactory var4 = TrustManagerFactory .getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()); var4.init((KeyStore) null ); defaultTrustManager = chooseTrustManager(var4 .getTrustManagers()); this .localTrustManager = localTrustManager; } @Override public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } @Override public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { try { defaultTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType); } catch (CertificateException ce) { localTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType); } } @Override public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return new X509Certificate[ 0 ]; } } } |
留作备用,有错误再更正
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