搭建自己的博客（二十）：优化博客评论功能
1、变化的部分
2、上代码
ul.blog-types,ul.blog-dates { list-style-type: none; } div.blog:not(:last-child) { margin-bottom: 2em; padding-bottom: 1em; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; } div.blog h3 { margin-top: 0.5em; } div.blog-info p { margin-bottom: 0; } div.blog-info p span{ margin-right: 10px; } div.blog-info-description { list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 1em; } ul.blog-info-description li { display: inline-block; margin-right: 1em; } div.paginator { text-align: center; } div.container { max-width: 80%; } div.comment-area{ margin-top: 2em; } h3.comment-area-title{ border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc; padding-bottom: 0.4em; }
{# 引用模板 #} {% extends 'base.html' %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block header_extends %} <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'blog/blog.css' %}"> {% endblock %} {# 标题 #} {% block title %} {{ blog.title }} {% endblock %} {# 内容#} {% block content %} <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-10 offset-1"> <ul class="blog-info-description"> <h3>{{ blog.title }}</h3> <li>作者：{{ blog.author }}</li> {# 时间过滤器让时间按照自己需要的格式过滤 #} <li>发布日期：{{ blog.created_time|date:"Y-m-d H:n:s" }}</li> <li>分类： <a href="{% url 'blogs_with_type' blog.blog_type.pk %}"> {{ blog.blog_type }} </a> </li> <li>阅读({{ blog.get_read_num }})</li> </ul> <p class="blog-content">{{ blog.content|safe }}</p> <p>上一篇： {% if previous_blog %} <a href="{% url 'blog_detail' previous_blog.pk %}">{{ previous_blog.title }}</a> {% else %} <span>没有了</span> {% endif %} </p> <p>下一篇： {% if next_blog %} <a href="{% url 'blog_detail' next_blog.pk %}">{{ next_blog.title }}</a> {% else %} <span>没有了</span> {% endif %} </p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-10 offset-1"> <div class="comment-area"> <h3 class="comment-area-title">提交评论</h3> {% if user.is_authenticated %} <form action="{% url 'update_comment' %}" method="post" style="overflow: hidden"> {% csrf_token %} <div class="form-group"> <label for="form-control">{{ user.username }},欢迎评论～</label> <textarea class="form-control" name="text" id="comment_text" rows="4"></textarea> </div> <input type="hidden" name="object_id" value="{{ blog.pk }}"> <input type="hidden" name="content_type" value="blog"> <input type="submit" value="评论" class="btn btn-primary float-right"> </form> {% else %} 未登录，登录之后方可评论 <form action="{% url 'login' %}" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} <span>用户名：</span> <input type="text" name="username"> <span>密码：</span> <input type="password" name="password"> <input type="submit" value="登录"> </form> {% endif %} </div> <div class="-comment-area"> <h3 class="comment-area-title">评论列表</h3> {% for comment in comments %} <div> {{ comment.user.username }} {{ comment.comment_time|date:"Y-m-d H:n:s" }} {{ comment.text }} </div> {% empty %} {% endfor %} </div> </div> </div> </div> {% endblock %} {% block js %} <script> $(".nav-blog").addClass("active").siblings().removeClass("active"); </script> {% endblock %}
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404 from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType from django.core.paginator import Paginator from django.conf import settings from django.db.models import Count from read_statistics.utils import read_statistics_once_read from .models import Blog, BlogType from comment.models import Comment # 分页部分公共代码 def blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list): paginator = Paginator(blogs_all_list, settings.EACH_PAGE_BLOGS_NUMBER) # 第一个参数是全部内容，第二个是每页多少 page_num = requests.GET.get('page', 1) # 获取url的页面参数（get请求） page_of_blogs = paginator.get_page(page_num) # 从分页器中获取指定页码的内容 current_page_num = page_of_blogs.number # 获取当前页 all_pages = paginator.num_pages if all_pages < 5: page_range = list( range(max(current_page_num - 2, 1), min(all_pages + 1, current_page_num + 3))) # 获取需要显示的页码 并且剔除不符合条件的页码 else: if current_page_num <= 2: page_range = range(1, 5 + 1) elif current_page_num >= all_pages - 2: page_range = range(all_pages - 4, paginator.num_pages + 1) else: page_range = list( range(max(current_page_num - 2, 1), min(all_pages + 1, current_page_num + 3))) # 获取需要显示的页码 并且剔除不符合条件的页码 blog_dates = Blog.objects.dates('created_time', 'month', order='DESC') blog_dates_dict = {} for blog_date in blog_dates: blog_count = Blog.objects.filter(created_time__year=blog_date.year, created_time__month=blog_date.month).count() blog_dates_dict = { blog_date: blog_count } return { 'blogs': page_of_blogs.object_list, 'page_of_blogs': page_of_blogs, 'blog_types': BlogType.objects.annotate(blog_count=Count('blog')), # 添加查询并添加字段 'page_range': page_range, 'blog_dates': blog_dates_dict } # 博客列表 def blog_list(requests): blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.all() # 获取全部博客 context = blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list) return render(requests, 'blog/blog_list.html', context) # 根据类型筛选 def blogs_with_type(requests, blog_type_pk): blog_type = get_object_or_404(BlogType, pk=blog_type_pk) blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.filter(blog_type=blog_type) # 获取全部博客 context = blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list) context['blog_type'] = blog_type return render(requests, 'blog/blog_with_type.html', context) # 根据日期筛选 def blogs_with_date(requests, year, month): blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.filter(created_time__year=year, created_time__month=month) # 获取全部博客 context = blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list) context['blogs_with_date'] = '{}年{}日'.format(year, month) return render(requests, 'blog/blog_with_date.html', context) # 博客详情 def blog_detail(requests, blog_pk): blog = get_object_or_404(Blog, pk=blog_pk) obj_key = read_statistics_once_read(requests, blog) blog_content_type = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(blog) comments = Comment.objects.filter(content_type=blog_content_type, object_id=blog.pk) context = { 'blog': blog, 'previous_blog': Blog.objects.filter(created_time__gt=blog.created_time).last(), 'next_blog': Blog.objects.filter(created_time__lt=blog.created_time).first(), 'comments': comments, # 评论内容 } response = render(requests, 'blog/blog_detail.html', context) response.set_cookie(obj_key, 'true') return response
from django.db import models from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType from django.contrib.contenttypes.fields import GenericForeignKey from django.contrib.auth.models import User # Create your models here. class Comment(models.Model): content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING) object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField() content_object = GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_id') text = models.TextField() comment_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING) class Meta: ordering = ['-comment_time']
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 18-11-4 下午5:22 # @Author : Felix Wang from django.urls import path from . import views urlpatterns = [ path('update_comment',views.update_commit,name='update_comment') ]
from django.shortcuts import render, reverse, redirect from .models import Comment from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType def update_commit(requests): referer = requests.META.get('HTTP_REFERER', reverse('home')) # 访问过来的页面 if not requests.user.is_authenticated: # 判断用户是否登录 return render(requests, 'error.html', {'message': '用户未登录', 'redirect_to': referer}) text = requests.POST.get('text', '').strip() if not text: # 判断内容是否为空 return render(requests, 'error.html', {'message': '评论内容为空', 'redirect_to': referer}) try: content_type = requests.POST.get('content_type', '') object_id = int(requests.POST.get('object_id', '')) # 通过反射获取对应的模型 model_class = ContentType.objects.get(model=content_type).model_class() model_obj = model_class.objects.get(pk=object_id) except Exception as e: return render(requests, 'error.html', {'message': '评论对象不存在', 'redirect_to': referer}) # 保存评论 comment = Comment() comment.user = requests.user comment.text = text comment.content_object = model_obj comment.save() return redirect(referer)
"""myblog URL Configuration The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/http/urls/ Examples: Function views 1. Add an import: from my_app import views 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home') Class-based views 1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home') Including another URLconf 1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls')) """ from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path, include from django.conf import settings from django.conf.urls.static import static from . import views urlpatterns = [ path('', views.home, name='home'), # 主页路径 path('admin/', admin.site.urls), path('ckeditor', include('ckeditor_uploader.urls')), # 配置上传url path('blog/', include('blog.urls')), # 博客app路径 path('comment/', include('comment.urls')), # 博客app路径 path('login/', views.login, name='login'), # 登录 ] # 设置ckeditor的上传 urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Time : 18-11-7 下午4:12 # @Author : Felix Wang from django.shortcuts import render, redirect from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType from django.contrib import auth from django.urls import reverse from read_statistics.utils import get_seven_days_read_data, get_x_days_hot_data from blog.models import Blog def home(requests): blog_content_type = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(Blog) dates, read_nums = get_seven_days_read_data(blog_content_type) context = { 'read_nums': read_nums, 'dates': dates, 'today_hot_data': get_x_days_hot_data(0), # 获取今日热门 'yesterday_hot_data': get_x_days_hot_data(1), # 获取昨日热门 'seven_days_hot_data': get_x_days_hot_data(7), # 获取周热门 'one_month_hot_data': get_x_days_hot_data(30), # 获取月热门 } return render(requests, 'home.html', context) def login(requests): username = requests.POST.get('username', '') password = requests.POST.get('password', '') user = auth.authenticate(requests, username=username, password=password) referer = requests.META.get('HTTP_REFERER', reverse('home')) if user is not None: auth.login(requests, user) return redirect(referer) else: return render(requests, 'error.html', {'message': '用户名或密码错误', 'redirect_to': referer})
{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block title %} 我的博客|错误 {% endblock %} {% block content %} {{ message }} ， <a href="{{ redirect_to }}">返回</a> {% endblock %} {% block js %} {# 将首页这个按钮设置激活状态 #} <script> $(".nav-home").addClass("active").siblings().removeClass("active"); </script> {% endblock %}
