记录centos stream 9 编译qt5.15.10源码
参考qt官方提供的依赖列表 https://doc.qt.io/qt-5.15/linux-requirements.html
对于Linux，首先要安装下面列表的包，官网给出了ubuntu的包名称，centos安装就比较麻烦
首先就是名称不一样，再就是centos的包管理器无法提供安装，只能编译源码
| Name | Library | Notes | Configuration | options | Minimum | working | version |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| XRender | libXrender | X | Rendering | Extension; | used | for | anti-aliasing |
| xcb-render | libxcb-render | X | C | Bindings | for | Render | extension |
| xcb-render-util | libxcb-render-util | Utility | library | for | XCB | for | Render |
| xcb-shape | libxcb-shape | X | C | Bindings | for | Shape | extension |
| xcb-randr | libxcb-randr | X | C | Bindings | for | Resize | and |
| xcb-xfixes | libxcb-xfixes | X | C | Bindings | for | Fixes | Extension |
| xcb-sync | libxcb-sync | X | C | Bindings | for | Sync | Extension |
| xcb-shm | libxcb-shm | X | C | Bindings | for | Shared | Memory |
| xcb-icccm | libxcb-icccm | X | C | Bindings | for | ICCCM | Protocol |
| xcb-keysyms | libxcb-keysyms | Utility | library | for | XCB | for | keycode |
| xcb-image | libxcb-image | Utility | library | for | XCB | for | XImage |
| xkbcommon | libxkbcommon | Keymap | handling | -xkbcommon | or | auto-detected | 0.5.0 |
| xkbcommon-x11 | libxkbcommon-x11 | Keymap | handling | auto-detected | 0.5.0 | ||
| Fontconfig | libfontconfig | Font | customization | and | configuration | -fontconfig | or |
| FreeType | libfreetype | Font | engine | 2.3.0 | |||
| Xext | libXext | X | Extensions | 6.4.3 | |||
| X11 | libX11 | X11 | client-side | library | 6.2.1 | ||
| xcb | libxcb | X | C | Binding | library | 1.9 | |
| X11-xcb | libX11-xcb | Xlib/XCB | interface | library | 1.3.2 | ||
| SM | libSM | X | Session | Management | -sm | or | auto-detected |
| ICE | libICE | Inter-Client | Exchange | -sm | or | auto-detected | 6.3.5 |
| glib | libglib-2.0 | Common | event | loop | handling | -glib | or |
| pthread | libpthread | Multithreading | 2.3.5 |
xcb
上边表格开始的大部分都是xcb，编译源代码即可
官网 https://xcb.freedesktop.org/
在这里 https://xcb.freedesktop.org/dist/ 下载所有的安装包
libxcb-1.15.tar
xcb-util-cursor-0.1.4.tar
xcb-util-image-0.4.1.tar
xcb-util-renderutil-0.3.10.tar
xcb-util-0.4.1.tar
xcb-util-errors-1.0.1.tar
xcb-util-keysyms-0.4.1.tar
xcb-util-wm-0.4.2.tar
然后编译安装即可，参考我另一个文章 https://www.cnblogs.com/feipeng8848/p/17680708.html
注意要先安装xcb-proto再安装其他的，再就是配置pkg-config的搜索路径
这里说一下我编译源码安装的一个重要原则，就是安装到当前账户的路径下，不污染系统路径（也就是/lib /usr/lib 等等路径）
所以configure的时候我都会加上--prefix=$HOME/usr/***安装到$HOME/usr/***
其他依赖
- dnf安装
- 如果dnf找不到可以去 https://centos.pkgs.org/ 下载
- 编译源代码
开始装的一些依赖库没有记录 gcc之类的，都是通过dnf安装的
主要是make过程中出现的问题（qtwebengine）及其如何解决
编译的命令如下
./configure -prefix /home/kun/usr/Qt/5.15.10 -opensource -confirm-license
make -j16
make install
configure阶段失败一般都是缺少，都是dnf解决的
链接gn失败
log如下
FAILED: gn
/usr/bin/g++ -O3 -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,-strip-all -Wl,--as-needed -static-libstdc++ -pthread -o gn -Wl,--start-group tools/gn/gn_main.o base.a gn_lib.a -Wl,--end-group -ldl
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lstdc++
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.
Project ERROR: GN build error!
make[2]: *** [Makefile:98: sub-gn-pro-make_first] Error 3
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/kun/dev-home/qtwebengine-everywhere-src-5.15.10/src/buildtools'
make[1]: *** [Makefile:55: sub-buildtools-make_first] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/kun/dev-home/qtwebengine-everywhere-src-5.15.10/src'
make: *** [Makefile:49: sub-src-make_first] Error 2
重要的是cannot find -lstdc++
一开始一直搞不懂为什么链接不到libstdc++.so，因为系统中是存在的
后来仔细查看编译命令:
/usr/bin/g++ -O3 -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,-strip-all -Wl,--as-needed -static-libstdc++ -pthread -o gn -Wl,--start-group tools/gn/gn_main.o base.a gn_lib.a -Wl,--end-group -ldl
这里用到的是-static-libstdc++，也就是静态链接，需要*.a文件，查了下果然系统没有这个文件
centos stream9的dnf包管理器中没有找到相关的包，手动下载安装的
去pkgs.org找到对行的rmp文件，通过sudo rpm -ivh libstdc++-static-11.4.1-2.1.el9.x86_64.rpm
安装之后这个问题解决
perl-English 找不到
Project MESSAGE: perl -w /home/kun/usr/Qt/5.15.10/bin/syncqt.pl -module QtWebEngineCore -version 5.15.10 -outdir /home/kun/dev-home/qtwebengine-everywhere-src-5.15.10 -builddir /home/kun/dev-home/qtwebengine-everywhere-src-5.15.10 /home/kun/dev-home/qtwebengine-everywhere-src-5.15.10
Can't locate English.pm in @INC (you may need to install the English module) (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5/5.32 /usr/local/share/perl5/5.32 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5) at /home/kun/usr/Qt/5.15.10/bin/syncqt.pl line 55.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /home/kun/usr/Qt/5.15.10/bin/syncqt.pl line 55.
Project ERROR: Failed to run: perl -w /home/kun/usr/Qt/5.15.10/bin/syncqt.pl -module QtWebEngineCore -version 5.15.10 -outdir /home/kun/dev-home/qtwebengine-everywhere-src-5.15.10 -builddir /home/kun/dev-home/qtwebengine-everywhere-src-5.15.10 /home/kun/dev-home/qtwebengine-everywhere-src-5.15.10
make[2]: *** [Makefile:48: sub-core_headers-pro-make_first] Error 3
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/kun/dev-home/qtwebengine-everywhere-src-5.15.10/src/core'
make[1]: *** [Makefile:80: sub-core-make_first] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/kun/dev-home/qtwebengine-everywhere-src-5.15.10/src'
make: *** [Makefile:49: sub-src-make_first] Error 2
解决办法sudo dnf install perl-English
找不到expat.h头文件
21 | #include <expat.h>
| ^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
[10/11103] CXX obj/skia/skia/GrTwoPointConicalGradientLayout.o
虽然显示编译到第十个文件以后才挂掉，实际这个错误是编译第一个文件就出现了，
因为开启多线程的原因才导致后续的这些log输出
