Go 语言结构体

结构体是由一系列具有相同类型或不同类型的数据构成的数据集合。

定义结构体

结构体定义需要使用 type 和 struct 语句。struct 语句定义一个新的数据类型，结构体中有一个或多个成员。type 语句设定了结构体的名称

type struct_variable_type struct {
member definition
member definition
...
member definition
}

package main

import "fmt"

type Books struct {
title string
author string
subject string
book_id int
}

func main() {
var Book1 Books /* 声明 Book1 为 Books 类型 */
var Book2 Books /* 声明 Book2 为 Books 类型 */

/* book 1 描述 */
Book1.title = "Go 语言"
Book1.author = "www.w3cschool.cn"
Book1.subject = "Go 语言教程"
Book1.book_id = 6495407

/* book 2 描述 */
Book2.title = "Python 教程"
Book2.author = "www.w3cschool.cn"
Book2.subject = "Python 语言教程"
Book2.book_id = 6495700

/* 打印 Book1 信息 */
fmt.Printf( "Book 1 title : %s\n", Book1.title)
fmt.Printf( "Book 1 author : %s\n", Book1.author)
fmt.Printf( "Book 1 subject : %s\n", Book1.subject)
fmt.Printf( "Book 1 book_id : %d\n", Book1.book_id)

/* 打印 Book2 信息 */
fmt.Printf( "Book 2 title : %s\n", Book2.title)
fmt.Printf( "Book 2 author : %s\n", Book2.author)
fmt.Printf( "Book 2 subject : %s\n", Book2.subject)
fmt.Printf( "Book 2 book_id : %d\n", Book2.book_id)
}

 

结构体作为函数参数

package main

import "fmt"

type Books struct {
title string
author string
subject string
book_id int
}

func main() {
var Book1 Books /* 声明 Book1 为 Books 类型 */
var Book2 Books /* 声明 Book2 为 Books 类型 */

/* book 1 描述 */
Book1.title = "Go 语言"
Book1.author = "www.w3cschool.cn"
Book1.subject = "Go 语言教程"
Book1.book_id = 6495407

/* book 2 描述 */
Book2.title = "Python 教程"
Book2.author = "www.w3cschool.cn"
Book2.subject = "Python 语言教程"
Book2.book_id = 6495700

/* 打印 Book1 信息 */
printBook(Book1)

/* 打印 Book2 信息 */
printBook(Book2)
}

func printBook( book Books ) {
fmt.Printf( "Book title : %s\n", book.title)
fmt.Printf( "Book author : %s\n", book.author)
fmt.Printf( "Book subject : %s\n", book.subject)
fmt.Printf( "Book book_id : %d\n", book.book_id)
}

 

结构体指针

package main

import "fmt"

type Books struct {
title string
author string
subject string
book_id int
}

func main() {
var Book1 Books /* Declare Book1 of type Book */
var Book2 Books /* Declare Book2 of type Book */

/* book 1 描述 */
Book1.title = "Go 语言"
Book1.author = "www.w3cschool.cn"
Book1.subject = "Go 语言教程"
Book1.book_id = 6495407

/* book 2 描述 */
Book2.title = "Python 教程"
Book2.author = "www.w3cschool.cn"
Book2.subject = "Python 语言教程"
Book2.book_id = 6495700

/* 打印 Book1 信息 */
printBook(&Book1)

/* 打印 Book2 信息 */
printBook(&Book2)
}
func printBook( book *Books ) {
fmt.Printf( "Book title : %s\n", book.title)
fmt.Printf( "Book author : %s\n", book.author)
fmt.Printf( "Book subject : %s\n", book.subject)
fmt.Printf( "Book book_id : %d\n", book.book_id)
}