MongoDB在windows下
1.安装 官网下载直接下一步 略过
>会默认安装为windows服务，但是也可以通过命令行启动mongodb服务：mongod -dbpath "C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\4.2\data\db" --auth
参数根据需要增减， --auth表示开启权限检验
2.用户权限模块
1)MongoDB默认情况下没有认证，即便是游客也拥有管理员权限，我们可以在没有认证的情况下新建用户，然后再重新启动服务，开启权限校验；
开启权限校验有两种办法：
a)命令行参数；
b)配置文件 #security:
authorization: enabled
2)内置角色
所有数据库都有：
数据库用户角色：read、readWrite 非系统集合读写
数据库用户管理角色：dbAdmin 提供执行管理任务的功能，此角色不授予用户和角色管理权限
dbOwner = readWrite + dbAdmin + userAdmin
userAdmin:创建修改角色、用户
仅admin数据库具有：
集群管理角色：clusterAdmin = clusterManager+clusterMonitor+hostManger
clusterManager、clusterMonitor、hostManager
备份和回复角色：backup、restore
仅在admin数据库中存在，并提供适用于所有数据库，除了local、config：
readAnyDatabase、readWriteAnyDatabase、userAdminAnyDatabase、dbAdminAnyDatabase
超级用户角色：
root = readWriteAnyDatabase+DBAdminAnyDatabase+UserAdminAnyDatabase+ClusterAdmin+Restore+Backup
内部角色：
_system:提供对数据库中的任何对象执行任何操作的权限。
3）相关命令
创建用户：
db.createUser({
user:<name_string>, #字符串
pwd:<password_string>, #字符串
roles:[{role:<role_name>,db:<db_name>}] #数组+对象
})
删除用户：db.dropUser("userName") 、db.dropAllUser()
更新用户: db.updateUser("usertest",{pwd:"changepass1"})；
当前数据库所有用户:show users
查看系统所有用户:admin 数据库下 db.system.users.find()
3.c# 操作MongoDB
>nuget MongoDB.Driver
>连接字符串：
>两个帮助类：
public class MongoDBManager
{
private static MongoClient _mongoClient;
//初始化MongoDB数据库链接
static MongoDBManager()
{
_mongoClient = new MongoClient(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["Mongodb"].ToString());
}
public static IMongoDatabase GetDataBase()
{
string dbName = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings.Get("dbName");
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(dbName))
{
dbName = "admin";
}
return _mongoClient.GetDatabase(dbName);
}
}
public class MongoDBHelper<T> where T : BaseEntity
{
private IMongoDatabase _db = null;
private IMongoCollection<T> _collection = null;
public MongoDBHelper()
{
this._db = MongoDBManager.GetDataBase();
this._collection = _db.GetCollection<T>(typeof(T).Name);
}
#region Insert
public T InsertOne(T entity, InsertOneOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
entity.GetType().GetProperty("Id").SetValue(entity, ObjectId.GenerateNewId());
_collection.InsertOne(entity, options, cancellationToken);
return entity;
}
public IEnumerable<T> InsertMany(IEnumerable<T> TList, InsertManyOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
TList.ToList().ForEach(l => l.GetType().GetProperty("Id").SetValue(l, ObjectId.GenerateNewId()));
_collection.InsertMany(TList, options, cancellationToken);
return TList;
}
public async Task<T> InsertOneAsync(T entity, InsertOneOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
entity.GetType().GetProperty("Id").SetValue(entity, ObjectId.GenerateNewId());
await _collection.InsertOneAsync(entity, options, cancellationToken);
return entity;
}
public async Task<IEnumerable<T>> InsertManyAsync(IEnumerable<T> TList, InsertManyOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
TList.ToList().ForEach(l => l.GetType().GetProperty("Id").SetValue(l, ObjectId.GenerateNewId()));
await _collection.InsertManyAsync(TList, options, cancellationToken);
return TList;
}
#endregion
#region Delete
public DeleteResult DeleteOne(string id, DeleteOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
return DeleteOne(ObjectId.Parse(id), options, cancellationToken);
}
public DeleteResult DeleteOne(ObjectId id, DeleteOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("Id", id);
return _collection.DeleteOne(filter, options, cancellationToken);
}
public async Task<DeleteResult> DeleteOneAsync(string id, DeleteOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
return await DeleteOneAsync(ObjectId.Parse(id), options, cancellationToken);
}
public async Task<DeleteResult> DeleteOneAsync(ObjectId id, DeleteOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("Id", id);
return await _collection.DeleteOneAsync(filter, options, cancellationToken);
}
public DeleteResult DeleteMany(Expression<Func<T, bool>> func, DeleteOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Where(func);
return _collection.DeleteMany(filter, options, cancellationToken);
}
public async Task<DeleteResult> DeleteManyAsync(Expression<Func<T, bool>> func, DeleteOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Where(func);
return await _collection.DeleteManyAsync(filter, options, cancellationToken);
}
#endregion
#region replace
public ReplaceOneResult ReplaceOne(T entity, ReplaceOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("Id", entity.Id);
return _collection.ReplaceOne(filter, entity, options, cancellationToken);
}
public async Task<ReplaceOneResult> ReplaceOneAsync(T entity, ReplaceOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("Id", entity.Id);
return await _collection.ReplaceOneAsync(filter, entity, options, cancellationToken);
}
#endregion
#region Update
public UpdateResult UpdateOne(string id, Dictionary<string, object> updateFields, UpdateOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
return UpdateOne(ObjectId.Parse(id), updateFields, options, cancellationToken);
}
public UpdateResult UpdateOne(ObjectId id, Dictionary<string, object> updateFields, UpdateOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("Id", id);
BsonDocument bsonDocument = new BsonDocument(updateFields);
bsonDocument = new BsonDocument { { "$set", bsonDocument } };
return _collection.UpdateOne(filter, bsonDocument, options, cancellationToken);
}
public async Task<UpdateResult> UpdateOneAsync(string id, Dictionary<string, object> updateFields, UpdateOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
return await UpdateOneAsync(ObjectId.Parse(id), updateFields, options, cancellationToken);
}
public async Task<UpdateResult> UpdateOneAsync(ObjectId id, Dictionary<string, object> updateFields, UpdateOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("Id", id);
BsonDocument bsonDocument = new BsonDocument(updateFields);
bsonDocument = new BsonDocument { { "$set", bsonDocument } };
return await _collection.UpdateOneAsync(filter, bsonDocument, options, cancellationToken);
}
public UpdateResult UpdateMany(Expression<Func<T, bool>> func, Dictionary<string, object> updateFields, UpdateOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Where(func);
BsonDocument bsonDocument = new BsonDocument(updateFields);
bsonDocument = new BsonDocument { { "$set", bsonDocument } };
return _collection.UpdateMany(filter, bsonDocument, options, cancellationToken);
}
public async Task<UpdateResult> UpdateManyAsync(Expression<Func<T, bool>> func, Dictionary<string, object> updateFields, UpdateOptions options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Where(func);
BsonDocument bsonDocument = new BsonDocument(updateFields);
bsonDocument = new BsonDocument { { "$set", bsonDocument } };
return await _collection.UpdateManyAsync(filter, bsonDocument, options, cancellationToken);
}
#endregion
#region query
public T Find(Expression<Func<T, bool>> func, FindOptions options = null)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Where(func);
return _collection.Find(filter, options).ToList().FirstOrDefault();
}
public T Find(string id, FindOptions options = null)
{
return Find(ObjectId.Parse(id), options);
}
public T Find(ObjectId id, FindOptions options = null)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("Id", id);
return _collection.Find(filter, options).ToList().FirstOrDefault();
}
public List<T> FindMany(Expression<Func<T, bool>> func, FindOptions options = null)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Where(func);
return _collection.Find(filter, options).ToList();
}
public async Task<List<T>> FindAsync(Expression<Func<T, bool>> func, FindOptions<T, T> options = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
FilterDefinition<T> filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Where(func);
IAsyncCursor<T> result = await _collection.FindAsync(filter, options, cancellationToken);
return result.ToList();
}
#endregion
#region page
/// <summary>
/// 延迟查询的分页
/// </summary>
/// <param name="where">分页查询条件</param>
/// <param name="currentPageNum">当前页数</param>
/// <param name="MaxNum">每页记录数</param>
/// <param name="totalNum">总记录数</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public IEnumerable<T> GetPageList(Func<T, bool> where, int currentPageNum, int MaxNum, out int totalNum)
{
var queryable = _collection.AsQueryable();
totalNum = queryable.Count();
return queryable.Where(where).Skip((currentPageNum - 1) * MaxNum).Take(totalNum);
}
#endregion
}
遇到的问题：
1.将对象序列化成Bson会有“标记”，
User user = new User() {Id=ObjectId.GenerateNewId(),Name="序列化测试",Hobby = new List<string>() { "阅读","电影"} };
BsonDocument bd = new BsonDocument();
BsonSerializer.Serialize(new BsonDocumentWriter(bd), user);
序列化结果：
其中“_t”是不需要的，解决办法重新继承IDiscriminatorConvention接口，自定义discriminator:
如下：
public class NoDiscriminatorConvention: IDiscriminatorConvention
{
public string ElementName => null;
public Type GetActualType(IBsonReader bsonReader, Type nominalType) => nominalType;
public BsonValue GetDiscriminator(Type nominalType, Type actualType) => null;
}
将自定义的discriminator注册：BsonSerializer.RegisterDiscriminatorConvention(typeof(BaseEntity), new NoDiscriminatorConvention());
2.MongoDB中存储的时间不是本地时间，是UTC时间，解决办法：
>在对象的时间属性上，加上 [BsonDateTimeOptions(Kind = DateTimeKind.Local)] 属性
>或者继承DateTimeSerializer，自定义时间序列化器
