LAMP环境搭建
系统环境及软件版本
系统版本:Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.5 (Santiago)
内核版本:2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64
apr版本:apr-1.5.2
apr-util版本:apr-util-1.5.4
pcre版本:pcre-8.39
Apache版本:Apache/2.4.20 (Unix)
memcached版本:1.4.28
MySQL版本:5.6.30
php版本:5.6.23
XCache版本:3.2.0
一、安装MySQL
如果没有mysql用户则添加:
# useradd -r mysql -s /sbin/nologin
# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.30-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql-5.6.30-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
# chown mysql.mysql -R mysql-5.6.30-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
创建MySQL的数据文件目录
# mkdir -pv /data/mysql
# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql
初始化MySQL数据库
# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
复制MySQL的服务启动脚本到/etc/rc.d/init.d/下
# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
将mysqld添加到服务聊表并设置开机自启动
# chkconfig --add mysqld
# chkconfig mysqld on
MySQL的配置文件:/etc/my.cnf或/etc/mysql/my.cnf-->$MYSQL_Base/my.cnf -->
--defaults-extra-file=/path/to/some_my.cnf -->.my.cnf
如果找到的不同,则合并,如果不同,则以最后一个为准
本人把所有配置文件都删了只留了下面这个文件
# vim /etc/my.cnf
加入如下内容:
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
server_id = 1
log_bin = /data/mysql/mysql_binlog
lower_case_table_names=1
binlog-ignore-db=mysql,test
port = 3306
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size = 16M
thread_concurrency = 2
datadir = /data/mysql
character_set_server=utf8
添加MySQL的到环境变量:
# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh加入如下内容:
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
初始化数据库:
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --collation-server=utf8_general_ci
删除匿名用户:
mysql> drop user ''@'localhost';
mysql> drop user ''@'master.fansik.com';
给root用户添加密码:
mysql> update user set password=password('fanjinbao') where user='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
如果增加密码后还想直接用mysql直接登录那就:
# vim ~/.my.cnf加入:
[mysql]
user = root
password = fanjinbao
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
如果要基于MySQL做开发:导出头文件:
# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql
导出库文件:
# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf加入:/usr/local/mysql/lib
# ldconfig -v
查看是否添加成功:
# ldconfig -p | grep mysql
二、安装Apache
1、安装Apache可移植运行库(apr:Apache portable runtime)
# tar zxvf apr-1.5.2.tar.gz
# cd apr-1.5.2
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
# make && make install
2、安装Apache可移植运行库工具包
# tar -zxvf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
# cd apr-util-1.5.4
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
# make && make install
3、安装PCRE(Perl Compatible Regular Expressions)Perl库文件
# tar zxvf pcre-8.39.tar.gz
# cd pcre-8.39
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
# make && make install
4、安装Apache服务器
# tar zxvf httpd-2.4.20.tar.gz
# cd httpd-2.4.20
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-rewrite --enable-so --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre/ --enable-ssl --enable-deflate --enable-expires --enable-cgi --with-zlib --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
# make && make install
5、设置Apache的环境变量:
# vim /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh加入
export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH
# . /etc/profile
启动httpd服务:apachectl start
上传httpd的启动脚本,添加执行权限,添加到服务列表,设置开机自启动。
httpd的启动脚本及设置方法:http://www.cnblogs.com/fansik/p/5644007.html
三、安装PHP
PHP原始为Personal Home Page的缩写,已经正式更名为 "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor"。注意不是“Hypertext Preprocessor”的缩写,这种将名称放到定义中的写法被称作递归缩写。
安装前准备:
# yum groupinstall -y "Desktop Platform Development"
libmcrypt-devel是属于epel源的,如果没有要么编译,要么安装epel源
# yum -y install libmcrypt-devel bzip2-devel
安装freetype,安装libpng,安装jpeg:http://www.cnblogs.com/fansik/diary/2016/11/22/6088799.html
安装php
# tar zxvf php-5.6.23.tar.gz
# cd php-5.6.23
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-openssl --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --enable-sockets --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --enable-maintainer-zts
如果php不在本机可以使用:
./configure --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd
最后的参数--enable-maintainer-zts是为了支持Apache的worker或event这两个mpm
# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
编辑httpd的配置文件,添加对php类型文件的支持
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
并且在index.html后面添加index.php
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
重启apache服务,并在/usr/local/apache/htdocs中添加测试页
# mv index.html index.php
# vim index.php加入如下内容:
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
访问http://10.10.10.201/进行测试即可
测试是否可以连接数据库:
<?php
$link = mysql_connect('127.0.0.1','root','fanjinbao');
if ($link)
echo "successful...";
else
echo "Failure...";
mysql_close();
?>
也可以用phpMyAdmin进行测试:
将phpMyAdmin-4.6.3-all-languages.tar.gz上传到/usr/local/apache/htdocs目录下
# tar zxvf phpMyAdmin-4.6.3-all-languages.tar.gz
# mv phpMyAdmin-4.6.3-all-languages pma
http://10.10.10.201/pma
四、安装XCache为php加速
1、安装xcache
# tar zxvf xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz
# cd xcache-3.2.0
# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
# ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
# make && make install
make install完成后的最后一行出现的路径就是xcache安装位置:
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/
创建php的配置文件目录
# mkdir /etc/php.d
使用XCache之前需要对缓存进行预热,使用XCache能够提高三倍左右的性能
五、配置Apache与fpm方式的php(基于fastcgi模式通信的)
相当于Apache服务器是一个反向代理服务器,这第五项是替换的第三项的安装php,如果已经安装需要删除之前php及其配置文件,进行重新编译
1、编译php
# tar zxvf php-5.6.23.tar.gz
# cd php-5.6.23
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-openssl --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --enable-sockets --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2
# make && make install
2、配置php
# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
3、配置php-fpm,设置开机自启动
# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
# chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
# chkconfig --add php-fpm
# chkconfig php-fpm on
配置php-fpm的参数
# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
# vim php-fpm.conf
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 3
pm.max_spare_servers = 8
4、配置Apache与php通信
将mod_proxy.so和mod_proxy_fcgi.so模块的注释去掉
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so
关闭中心主机:
#DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"
打开虚拟主机配置文件:
将Include /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf的注释去掉
编辑httpd的配置文件,添加对php类型文件的支持
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
并且在index.html后面添加index.php
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
配置Apache的虚拟主机
# vim /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webadmin@a.com
DocumentRoot "/web/a"
ServerName www.a.com
ServerAlias a.com
ErrorLog "logs/a-error_log"
CustomLog "logs/a-access_log" common
<Directory "/web/a">
Options None
Require all granted
</Directory>
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/web/a/$1
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webadmin@b.com
DocumentRoot "/web/b"
ServerName www.b.com
ErrorLog "logs/b-error_log"
CustomLog "logs/b-access_log" common
<Directory "/web/b">
Options None
Require all granted
</Directory>
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/web/b/$1
</VirtualHost>
重启Apache访问www.a.com进行测试即可,需要在本机的hosts文件中添加www.a.com 10.10.10.201