Access与sql server的语法区别总结
一、有区别的函数及解决方案
以下所示的解决方案中的函数定义在untDataBase单元中TAdoConn类的方法中。
三、Access与语句SqlServer的语句语法区别
1、
Inser Into …..Select …From 语句:
在ACCESS中以下语句
Insert INTO
PubSubJectAccCopys(Copy_id,Acc_id,Acc_Pid,Acc_name,acc_short,Acc_Comment,Acc_Pro,acc_type,Sub_id_flag,acc_index)
(Select
200201,Acc_id,Acc_Pid,Acc_name,acc_short,Acc_Comment,Acc_Pro,acc_type,Sub_id_flag,acc_index
FROM PubSubJectAcc Where PubSubJectAcc.co_type='03')
中后面"(select
200201******.co_Type='03')"中的小括号("(",")")必须去掉才能执行,如下:
Insert INTO
PubSubJectAccCopys(Copy_id,Acc_id,Acc_Pid,Acc_name,acc_short,Acc_Comment,Acc_Pro,acc_type,Sub_id_flag,acc_index)
Select
200201,Acc_id,Acc_Pid,Acc_name,acc_short,Acc_Comment,Acc_Pro,acc_type,Sub_id_flag,acc_index
FROM PubSubJectAcc Where PubSubJectAcc.co_type='03'
在SQL SERVER 中都可以
2、
Inner Join 语句1
StrSql:='select a.user_id,a.user_opcode,b.copy_name from
sysuser a inner join (syscopysuser c inner join syscopys b on
c.copy_id=c.copy_id) on a.user_id=c.user_id where
a.user_opcode='''
+EdtUserOpCode.text+''' And copy_name='''+Tmpcopyname +'''';
应该改为
StrSql:='select a.user_id,a.user_opcode,b.copy_name from sysuser a inner
join (syscopysuser c inner join syscopys b on c.copy_id=d.copy_id) on
a.user_id=c.user_id where
a.user_opcode=''' +EdtUserOpCode.text+''' And
copy_name='''+Tmpcopyname +'''';
该行代码的检索条件错误:应该把C.copy_id=C.Copy_id
改为c.copy_id=d.copy_id
注:两种写法都能在SQL-SERVER中运行,但c.copy_id=C.copy_id在ACCESS中不能运行
3、 Inner Join
语句2
StrSql:='select copy_year,copy_name,a.copy_id from SysCopys a inner join
SysCopysUser b on a.curcopy_flag=1 and a.copy_id=b.copy_id where b.user_id=' +
'''' +TmpPubUserID+ '''';
该为
StrSql:='select
copy_year,copy_name,a.copy_id from SysCopys a inner join SysCopysUser b on
a.copy_id=b.copy_id where a.curcopy_flag=''1'' and b.user_id=' + ''''
+TmpPubUserID+ '''';
注:两种写法都能在SQL-SERVER中运行,但第一种在ACCESS中不能运行
4、 Inner
Join语句3
SQl server 中可以执行以下语句
'Select distinct
sysoption.opti_id,sysoption.opti_name,sysoption.opti_code,sysroleoption.opti_sort
From sysoption inner join sysroleoption ON
sysoption.opti_id=sysroleoption.opti_id AND sysroleoption.role_id=:roleid'
但ACCESS中不能,只能
'Select distinct
sysoption.opti_id,sysoption.opti_name,sysoption.opti_code,sysroleoption.opti_sort
From sysoption inner join sysroleoption ON
sysoption.opti_id=sysroleoption.opti_id Where sysroleoption.role_id=:roleid'
5、 Update语句
Sql SerVer 中能执行但Access 中不能
'Update sysuserrole SET
sysuserrole.role_sort = (Select sysrole.role_sort FROM sysrole Where
sysuserrole.role_id = sysrole.role_id and sysuserrole.user_id='01')'
6、 日期比较
SQL SERVER 中用
StrSql:='select
copy_year,Start_month,Cur_month,Start_Flag,Start_date,End_date '
+'From
SysCopys '
+'where copy_id='''+LoginCopyID+''' '
+'and
start_date<='''+datetostr(LoginDate)+''' '
+'and
end_date>='''+datetostr(LoginDate)+'''';
ACCESS中用
StrSql:='select
copy_year,Start_month,Cur_month,Start_Flag,Start_date,End_date '
+'From
SysCopys '
+'where copy_id='''+LoginCopyID+''' '
+'and
start_date<=#'+datetostr(LoginDate)+'# '
+'and
end_date>=#'+datetostr(LoginDate)+'#'
参考以上的第10个函数“GetDateStr”
7、
最大数值获取语句
StrSql:='insert into sysRoleOption '
+'select '''+fidRoleId+'''
as Role_ID,opti_id,'
+'convert(numeric,opti_id)-(convert(numeric,opti_parentid)*100)+'+
MaxOptiSort
+' as opti_Sort from sysoption where opti_parentid='''
+PCoTypeID(self.trvRoles.Selected.data)^.StrCoTypeID
+''' and
opti_bottom=''1'+'''';
改为
StrSql:='insert into sysRoleOption '
+'select '''+fidRoleId+''' as Role_ID,opti_id,'
+'opti_id-opti_parentid*100+'+ MaxOptiSort
+' as opti_sort from
sysoption where opti_parentid='''
+PCoTypeID(self.trvRoles.Selected.data)^.StrCoTypeID
+''' and
opti_bottom=''1'+''''
注:两种写法都能在SQL-SERVER中运行,但第一种在ACCESS中不能运行
但是考虑会出现Null值以及语句的通用性,可以使用以上的第07个函数“GetNullStr”和第09个函数“GetConvertStr”来完成字符串向数字,空值和0数字的转换:参考GetNextNumStr代码。
以下所示的解决方案中的函数定义在untDataBase单元中TAdoConn类的方法中。
号 | 简述 | Access语法 | SqlServer语法 | Oracle语法 | DB2语法 | 解决方案 |
01 | 系统时间 | Date() | GETDATE() | SYSDATE | GetSysTimeStr | |
02 | 连接字符串 | & | + | || | + | GetConcatStr |
03 | 截取字符串 | SubString | SubStr | SubString | SubString | GetSubStr |
04 | 小写字符串 | LCase | Lower | Lower | Lower | GetLowerStr |
05 | 大写字符串 | UCase | Upper | Upper | Upper | GetUpperStr |
06 | 查找字符串 | InStr | InStr | CharIndex | InStr | GetFindStr |
07 | 替换空值 | IIF+IsNull | Coalesce | Nvl | Coalesce | GetNullStr |
08 | 条件取值 | IIF | Case+When+Else | DeCode或Case | IIF | GetCaseStr |
09 | 字段类型转换 | Str、var、…. | Convert或cast | To_Char,To_Number. | GetConvertStr | GetConvertStr |
10 | 日期字符串 | ‘2004-10-9' | #2004-10-19# | ‘2004-10-9' | GetDateStr | |
11 | 最大值加1 | GetNextNumStr | ||||
12 | Like语句函数 | Like ‘101* | Like ‘101%' | Like ‘101%' | GetLikeStr | |
二、Access与SQLSERVER部分相同数据库函数及关键字列表
1、 函数
序号 | 简述 | |
01 | 记数函数 | Count |
02 | 最大值 | Max |
2、 关键字
序号 | 简述 | |
01 | Like | |
02 | 连接 | Join |
03 | 判断空 | Is Null |
1、
Inser Into …..Select …From 语句:
在ACCESS中以下语句
Insert INTO
PubSubJectAccCopys(Copy_id,Acc_id,Acc_Pid,Acc_name,acc_short,Acc_Comment,Acc_Pro,acc_type,Sub_id_flag,acc_index)
(Select
200201,Acc_id,Acc_Pid,Acc_name,acc_short,Acc_Comment,Acc_Pro,acc_type,Sub_id_flag,acc_index
FROM PubSubJectAcc Where PubSubJectAcc.co_type='03')
中后面"(select
200201******.co_Type='03')"中的小括号("(",")")必须去掉才能执行,如下:
Insert INTO
PubSubJectAccCopys(Copy_id,Acc_id,Acc_Pid,Acc_name,acc_short,Acc_Comment,Acc_Pro,acc_type,Sub_id_flag,acc_index)
Select
200201,Acc_id,Acc_Pid,Acc_name,acc_short,Acc_Comment,Acc_Pro,acc_type,Sub_id_flag,acc_index
FROM PubSubJectAcc Where PubSubJectAcc.co_type='03'
在SQL SERVER 中都可以
2、
Inner Join 语句1
StrSql:='select a.user_id,a.user_opcode,b.copy_name from
sysuser a inner join (syscopysuser c inner join syscopys b on
c.copy_id=c.copy_id) on a.user_id=c.user_id where
a.user_opcode='''
+EdtUserOpCode.text+''' And copy_name='''+Tmpcopyname +'''';
应该改为
StrSql:='select a.user_id,a.user_opcode,b.copy_name from sysuser a inner
join (syscopysuser c inner join syscopys b on c.copy_id=d.copy_id) on
a.user_id=c.user_id where
a.user_opcode=''' +EdtUserOpCode.text+''' And
copy_name='''+Tmpcopyname +'''';
该行代码的检索条件错误:应该把C.copy_id=C.Copy_id
改为c.copy_id=d.copy_id
注:两种写法都能在SQL-SERVER中运行,但c.copy_id=C.copy_id在ACCESS中不能运行
3、 Inner Join
语句2
StrSql:='select copy_year,copy_name,a.copy_id from SysCopys a inner join
SysCopysUser b on a.curcopy_flag=1 and a.copy_id=b.copy_id where b.user_id=' +
'''' +TmpPubUserID+ '''';
该为
StrSql:='select
copy_year,copy_name,a.copy_id from SysCopys a inner join SysCopysUser b on
a.copy_id=b.copy_id where a.curcopy_flag=''1'' and b.user_id=' + ''''
+TmpPubUserID+ '''';
注:两种写法都能在SQL-SERVER中运行,但第一种在ACCESS中不能运行
4、 Inner
Join语句3
SQl server 中可以执行以下语句
'Select distinct
sysoption.opti_id,sysoption.opti_name,sysoption.opti_code,sysroleoption.opti_sort
From sysoption inner join sysroleoption ON
sysoption.opti_id=sysroleoption.opti_id AND sysroleoption.role_id=:roleid'
但ACCESS中不能,只能
'Select distinct
sysoption.opti_id,sysoption.opti_name,sysoption.opti_code,sysroleoption.opti_sort
From sysoption inner join sysroleoption ON
sysoption.opti_id=sysroleoption.opti_id Where sysroleoption.role_id=:roleid'
5、 Update语句
Sql SerVer 中能执行但Access 中不能
'Update sysuserrole SET
sysuserrole.role_sort = (Select sysrole.role_sort FROM sysrole Where
sysuserrole.role_id = sysrole.role_id and sysuserrole.user_id='01')'
6、 日期比较
SQL SERVER 中用
StrSql:='select
copy_year,Start_month,Cur_month,Start_Flag,Start_date,End_date '
+'From
SysCopys '
+'where copy_id='''+LoginCopyID+''' '
+'and
start_date<='''+datetostr(LoginDate)+''' '
+'and
end_date>='''+datetostr(LoginDate)+'''';
ACCESS中用
StrSql:='select
copy_year,Start_month,Cur_month,Start_Flag,Start_date,End_date '
+'From
SysCopys '
+'where copy_id='''+LoginCopyID+''' '
+'and
start_date<=#'+datetostr(LoginDate)+'# '
+'and
end_date>=#'+datetostr(LoginDate)+'#'
参考以上的第10个函数“GetDateStr”
7、
最大数值获取语句
StrSql:='insert into sysRoleOption '
+'select '''+fidRoleId+'''
as Role_ID,opti_id,'
+'convert(numeric,opti_id)-(convert(numeric,opti_parentid)*100)+'+
MaxOptiSort
+' as opti_Sort from sysoption where opti_parentid='''
+PCoTypeID(self.trvRoles.Selected.data)^.StrCoTypeID
+''' and
opti_bottom=''1'+'''';
改为
StrSql:='insert into sysRoleOption '
+'select '''+fidRoleId+''' as Role_ID,opti_id,'
+'opti_id-opti_parentid*100+'+ MaxOptiSort
+' as opti_sort from
sysoption where opti_parentid='''
+PCoTypeID(self.trvRoles.Selected.data)^.StrCoTypeID
+''' and
opti_bottom=''1'+''''
注:两种写法都能在SQL-SERVER中运行,但第一种在ACCESS中不能运行
但是考虑会出现Null值以及语句的通用性,可以使用以上的第07个函数“GetNullStr”和第09个函数“GetConvertStr”来完成字符串向数字,空值和0数字的转换:参考GetNextNumStr代码。