String
String
1.String s="abc"=>"abc"是一个String对象,创建之后将不能修改
2.各种方法:
获取
1 * 1.获取长度:public int length(); 2 * 2.获取某位置字符:public char charAt(int index); 3 * 3.根据字符ascii获取位置:public int indexOf(int ch);public int indexOf(int ch,int fromIndex); 4 * 4.获取第一次出现str的位置:public int indexOf(String str);public int indexOf(String str,int fromIndex); 5 6 * 5.获取子串:public String subString(int begin);public String subString(int begin,int end); 7 * 6.反向获取,lastIndexOf(..);一个道理
判断
* 1.判断字符串时候包含某一个子串:public boolean contains(CharSequence s); * 2.字符串时候为空:public boolean isEmpty(); * 3.是否以指定内容开头:public boolean startsWith(String prefix); * 4.是否以指定内容结尾:public boolean endsWith(String suffix); * 5.判断字符串时候相同:复写了Object的equals()方法public boolean equals(Object anObject); * 6.判断字符串时候相同,忽略大小写:public boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String anotherString);
转换
* 1.转换字符数组成字符串:构造public String(char[] value,..); * public static String copyValueOf(char[] data,int offset,int count) * public static String valueOf(char[] data) * 2.字符串转换成字符数组:public char[] toCharArray() * 3.字节数组转换成字符串:同1,参数改为byte[] * 4.字符串转换成字节数组: * 5.大小写转换:public String toUpperCase(..);public String toLowerCase(..);
替换
*1.替换字符public String replace(char oldchar,char newchar) * 替换一堆public String replace(CharSequence target,CharSequence replacement)
比较
*1.比较字符串大小(按ascii):public int compareTo(String another);相同为0 *2.或略大小写比较:public int compareToIgnoreCase(String another); *3.比较两字符串是否相同:public boolean equals(Object anObject); *4.忽略大小写比:public boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String another);
切割字符串: public String[] split(String regex)
去除首尾空格:public String trim()
示例:能快速参考手册即可
1 package String; 2 3 /** 4 * 5 *@author john 6 */ 7 public class StringTest { 8 public static void main(String[] args) { 9 // StringTest.method_get(); 10 // StringTest.method_is(); 11 // StringTest.method_trans(); 12 // StringTest.method_replace(); 13 // StringTest.method_split(); 14 // StringTest.method_sub(); 15 // StringTest.method_deBlank(); 16 // StringTest.method_equals(); 17 } 18 19 /** 20 * 1.获取长度:public int length();</br> 21 * 2.获取某位置字符:public char charAt(int index);</br> 22 * 3.根据字符ascii获取位置:public int indexOf(int ch);public int indexOf(int ch,int fromIndex);</br> 23 * 4.获取第一次出现str的位置:public int indexOf(String str);public int indexOf(String str,int fromIndex);</br> 24 * 5.反向获取,lastIndexOf(..);一个道理 25 */ 26 public static void method_get(){ 27 String s="abcdaabb"; 28 sop(s+":"+"长度:"+s.length()); 29 sop(s+":"+"charAt(1):"+s.charAt(1)); 30 sop(s+":"+"indexOf(97):"+s.indexOf(97)); 31 sop(s+":"+"indexOf(97,1):"+s.indexOf(97,1)); 32 sop(s+":"+"indexOf(\"ab\"):"+s.indexOf("ab")); 33 sop(s+":"+"indexOf(\"ab\",1):"+s.indexOf("ab",1)); 34 } 35 /** 36 * 1.判断字符串时候包含某一个子串:public boolean contains(CharSequence s); 37 * 2.字符串时候为空:public boolean isEmpty(); 38 * 3.是否以指定内容开头:public boolean startsWith(String prefix); 39 * 4.是否以指定内容结尾:public boolean endsWith(String suffix); 40 * 5.判断字符串时候相同:复写了Object的equals()方法public boolean equals(Object anObject); 41 * 6.判断字符串时候相同,忽略大小写:public boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String anotherString); 42 */ 43 public static void method_is(){ 44 String s="Hello World"; 45 sop(s+": "+"contains(\"hello\")"+" ? "+s.contains("hello")); 46 sop(s+": "+"isEmpty()"+" ? "+s.isEmpty()); 47 sop(s+": "+"startsWith(\"hello\")"+" ? "+s.startsWith("hello")); 48 sop(s+": "+"endsWith(\"World\")"+" ? "+s.endsWith("World")); 49 sop(s+": "+"equals(\"hello world\")"+" ? "+s.equals("hello world")); 50 sop(s+": "+"equalsIgnoreCase(\"hello world\")"+" ? "+s.equalsIgnoreCase("hello world")); 51 } 52 /** 53 * 1.转换字符数组成字符串:构造public String(char[] value,..); 54 * public static String copyValueOf(char[] data,int offset,int count) 55 * public static String valueOf(char[] data) 56 * 2.字符串转换成字符数组:public char[] toCharArray() 57 * 3.字节数组转换成字符串:同1,参数改为byte[] 58 * 4.字符串转换成字节数组: 59 * 5.大小写转换:public String toUpperCase(..);public String toLowerCase(..); 60 */ 61 public static void method_trans(){ 62 //构造 63 char[] ch={'H','e','l','l','o'}; 64 String s=new String(ch); 65 String s2=new String(ch,2,3); 66 sop(s+": "+"String(ch)"+" ? "+s); 67 sop(s2+": "+"String(ch,2,3)"+" ? "+s2); 68 //valueOf 69 sop("hello"+": "+"String.valueOf(ch)"+" ? "+String.valueOf(ch)); 70 //字符串转字符数组 71 char[] chs=s.toCharArray(); 72 for(int x=0;x<chs.length;x++) 73 sop(chs[x]); 74 //转换大小写 75 sop(s+": "+"s.toUpperCase()"+"? " +s.toUpperCase()); 76 sop(s+": "+"s.toLowerCase()"+"? " +s.toLowerCase()); 77 78 } 79 /** 80 *1.替换字符public String replace(char oldchar,char newchar) 81 * 替换一堆public String replace(CharSequence target,CharSequence replacement) 82 */ 83 public static void method_replace(){ 84 String s="Hello World"; 85 sop(s+": "+"s.replace('o','*')"+" ? "+s.replace('o','*')); 86 sop(s+": "+"s.replace(\"World\",\"*\")"+" ? "+s.replace("World","*")); 87 } 88 /** 89 *1.切割字符串public String[] split(String regex) 90 */ 91 public static void method_split(){ 92 String s="hello,I'm,your,respect,erge"; 93 String[] ss=s.split(","); 94 for(int i=0;i<ss.length;i++) 95 sop(ss[i]); 96 } 97 /** 98 *1.获取子串:public String subString(int begin);public String subString(int begin,int end); 99 */ 100 public static void method_sub(){ 101 String s="12345678"; 102 sop(s+": "+"s.substring(4)"+" ? "+s.substring(4)); 103 sop(s+": "+"s.substring(1,6)"+" ? "+s.substring(1,6)); 104 } 105 /** 106 *1.去除首尾空格public String trim() 107 */ 108 public static void method_deBlank(){ 109 String s=" hello world "; 110 String s2=" "; 111 sop(s+": "+"s.trim()"+" ? "+s.trim()); 112 sop(s2.trim()+"123"); 113 } 114 /** 115 *1.比较字符串大小(按ascii):public int compareTo(String another);相同为0 116 *2.或略大小写比较:public int compareToIgnoreCase(String another); 117 *3.比较两字符串是否相同:public boolean equals(Object anObject); 118 *4.忽略大小写比:public boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String another); 119 */ 120 public static void method_equals(){ 121 String s1="abcdEf"; 122 String s2="abcdef"; 123 sop("s1="+s1+" s2="+s2+"\n"+"s1.compareTo(s2)"+" ? "+s1.compareTo(s2)); 124 sop("s1.compareToIgnoreCase(s2)"+" ? "+s1.compareToIgnoreCase(s2)); 125 } 126 public static void sop(Object obj){ 127 System.out.println(obj); 128 } 129 130 }
StringBuffer
StringBuffer可看做是一个字符缓冲区,可以接收各种类型的数据,可以对该缓冲区进行增删改查!
增:append,insert
public StringBuffer append(boolean b):参数可以各种重载:字符串、StringBuffer、CharSequence、基本数据类型(byte和short被提升为int)
且返回的是StringBuffer对象,所以可以一直调用s.append(...).append(...)...
1 StringBuffer s=new String(); 2 s.append(true).append('a').append("123").append(123.1f);
public StringBuffer insert(int srcPosition, String str):也是各种重载
public StringBuffer insert(int srcPosition, char[] str, int chPosition, int len);将字符数组str从chPosition开始到后面的共len个字符插入到Buffer的srcPosition后面
删:delete
删除start到end-1部分:public StringBuffer delete(int start , int end);
删除一个字符:public StringBuffer deleteCharAt(int index);
改:replace,setCharAt
public StringBuffer replace(int start , int end ,String str);将start到end-1的部分替换成字符str
public void setCharAt(int index , char ch)
查:indexOf,charAt
public int indexOf(String str)第一次出现str字符的下标
public int indexOf(String str , int fromIndex)从fromIndex开始第一次出现字符的下标
另:public String toString();public String substring(int index);public String substring(int start , int end);public int length();
StringBuilder
与StringBuffer方法一致
不同:StringBuffer线程安全,保证同步;而StringBuffer不保证线程安全。
所以:使用StringBuilder会更快,但可能面临线程安全问题,但在单线程中完全不必担心!