依赖注入容器Autofac和 ASP.NET MVC 3 的集成
首先,推荐使用Visual Studio 2010 中的NuGet 组件,在MVC 项目中,来安装和添加对Autofac ASP.NET MVC3 Integration 组件的引用,具体操作可参考《使用NuGet 来管理Visual Studio的开源组件(Package)》。
在上述步骤完成之后,在项目的Global.asax文件中,实施对Controller的依赖注入。
在Global.asax中,需要添加如下2个命名空间的引用:
1 2 3 | using Autofac; using Autofac.Integration.Mvc; |
在Application_Start() 方法中添加如下代码:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 | protected void Application_Start() { var builder = new ContainerBuilder(); SetupResolveRules(builder); // use a provided extension method to register all the controllers in an assembly builder.RegisterControllers(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()); // create a new container with the component registrations IContainer container = builder.Build(); // use the static DependencyResolver.SetResolver method // to let ASP.NET MVC know that it should locate services // using the AutofacDependencyResolver DependencyResolver.SetResolver( new AutofacDependencyResolver(container)); AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas(); RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters); RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); } |
其中SetupResolveRules() 是我们自定义的方法,用来建立Interface和Class之间的关联,代码如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | private void SetupResolveRules(ContainerBuilder builder) { //Components are wired to services using the As() methods on ContainerBuilder builder.RegisterType<MessageRepository>().As<IMessageRepository>(); builder.RegisterType<MemberRepository>().As<IMemberRepository>(); } |
不过,如果项目中有比较多的Interface 和Class需要建立关联,则需要逐条在上述方面中添加。这样,增加了后期的一些维护工作。
下面提供了另外一种方法,将当前运行的Assembly中所有以Repository结尾的Class 和其所实现的Interface进行关联。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 | private void SetupResolveRules(ContainerBuilder builder) { // Speficy that a type from a scanned assembly is registered // as providing all of its implementation interfaces. builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()) .Where(t => t.Name.EndsWith( "Repository" )) .AsImplementedInterfaces(); } |
上述代码的范例程序(ASP.NET MVC 3 + Autofac)下载地址:
http://download.csdn.net/source/3234339
范例程序的运行界面如下:
相关文档,可参考如下链接:
- Integrating with ASP.NET MVC 3.0,http://code.google.com/p/autofac/wiki/Mvc3Integration
- ASP.NET MVC 2 开发实战
- IoC 容器 — Autofac,http://www.entlib.net/?p=23