CentOS 安装 GDAL

需要离线安装GDAL

(venv) [root@VM-8-12-centos ~]# pip install gdal
Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/simple
Collecting gdal
Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/bd/10/85c41cc7c520be9cf755f5862e8c6c8b0c91c8987cb1c706f7092f9893ee/gdal-3.9.2.tar.gz (840 kB)
     ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 840.6/840.6 kB 3.2 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Installing build dependencies ... done
Getting requirements to build wheel ... error
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [15 lines of output]
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
          main()
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 335, in main
          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 118, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return hook(config_settings)
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-mli7azgz/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 332, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=[])
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-mli7azgz/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 302, in _get_build_requires
          self.run_setup()
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-mli7azgz/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 318, in run_setup
          exec(code, locals())
        File "<string>", line 202, in <module>
      Exception: numpy not available! This error may happen if you build/install using setup.py directly, but should normally not happen if you install using pip install. If you still want to build the bindings without numpy support, define the GDAL_PYTHON_BINDINGS_WITHOUT_NUMPY environment variable
      [end of output]

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
(venv) [root@VM-8-12-centos ~]#

(venv) [root@VM-8-12-centos ~]# pip install numpy
Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/simple
Requirement already satisfied: numpy in ./MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages (1.24.4)

============================================

(venv) [root@VM-8-12-centos ~]# pip install gdal==3.4.3
Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/simple
Collecting gdal==3.4.3
Using cached http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/12/82/ed7f65fe6ab931514807c79370096a816ad8cad6cef03a2fef90845503f6/GDAL-3.4.3.tar.gz (757 kB)
Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... error
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× python setup.py egg_info did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [140 lines of output]
      running egg_info
      creating /tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-84igj4c2/GDAL.egg-info
      writing /tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-84igj4c2/GDAL.egg-info/PKG-INFO
      writing dependency_links to /tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-84igj4c2/GDAL.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
      writing requirements to /tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-84igj4c2/GDAL.egg-info/requires.txt
      writing top-level names to /tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-84igj4c2/GDAL.egg-info/top_level.txt
      writing manifest file '/tmp/pip-pip-egg-info-84igj4c2/GDAL.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
      /root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py:478: SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning: Invalid dash-separated options
      !!

              ********************************************************************************
              Usage of dash-separated 'index-url' will not be supported in future
              versions. Please use the underscore name 'index_url' instead.

              By 2024-Sep-26, you need to update your project and remove deprecated calls
              or your builds will no longer be supported.

              See https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/userguide/declarative_config.html for details.
              ********************************************************************************

      !!
        opt = self.warn_dash_deprecation(opt, section)
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 105, in fetch_config
          p = subprocess.Popen([command, args], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
        File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 858, in __init__
          self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
        File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 1720, in _execute_child
          raise child_exception_type(errno_num, err_msg, err_filename)
      FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '../../apps/gdal-config'

      During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 188, in get_gdal_config
          return fetch_config(option, gdal_config=self.gdal_config)
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 108, in fetch_config
          raise gdal_config_error(e)
      __main__.gdal_config_error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '../../apps/gdal-config'

      During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 105, in fetch_config
          p = subprocess.Popen([command, args], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
        File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 858, in __init__
          self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
        File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 1720, in _execute_child
          raise child_exception_type(errno_num, err_msg, err_filename)
      FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'gdal-config'

      During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 195, in get_gdal_config
          return fetch_config(option)
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 108, in fetch_config
          raise gdal_config_error(e)
      __main__.gdal_config_error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'gdal-config'

      During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "<string>", line 2, in <module>
        File "<pip-setuptools-caller>", line 34, in <module>
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 389, in <module>
          setup(**setup_kwargs)
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 103, in setup
          return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/core.py", line 184, in setup
          return run_commands(dist)
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/core.py", line 200, in run_commands
          dist.run_commands()
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 969, in run_commands
          self.run_command(cmd)
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 976, in run_command
          super().run_command(command)
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 988, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/command/egg_info.py", line 321, in run
          self.find_sources()
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/command/egg_info.py", line 329, in find_sources
          mm.run()
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/command/egg_info.py", line 550, in run
          self.add_defaults()
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/command/egg_info.py", line 588, in add_defaults
          sdist.add_defaults(self)
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/command/sdist.py", line 102, in add_defaults
          super().add_defaults()
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/sdist.py", line 250, in add_defaults
          self._add_defaults_ext()
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/sdist.py", line 334, in _add_defaults_ext
          build_ext = self.get_finalized_command('build_ext')
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/cmd.py", line 303, in get_finalized_command
          cmd_obj.ensure_finalized()
        File "/root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/cmd.py", line 111, in ensure_finalized
          self.finalize_options()
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 258, in finalize_options
          self.gdaldir = self.get_gdal_config('prefix')
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 201, in get_gdal_config
          raise gdal_config_error(traceback_string + '\n' + msg)
      __main__.gdal_config_error: Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 105, in fetch_config
          p = subprocess.Popen([command, args], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
        File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 858, in __init__
          self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
        File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 1720, in _execute_child
          raise child_exception_type(errno_num, err_msg, err_filename)
      FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '../../apps/gdal-config'

      During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 188, in get_gdal_config
          return fetch_config(option, gdal_config=self.gdal_config)
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 108, in fetch_config
          raise gdal_config_error(e)
      gdal_config_error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '../../apps/gdal-config'

      During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 105, in fetch_config
          p = subprocess.Popen([command, args], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
        File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 858, in __init__
          self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
        File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 1720, in _execute_child
          raise child_exception_type(errno_num, err_msg, err_filename)
      FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'gdal-config'

      During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 195, in get_gdal_config
          return fetch_config(option)
        File "/tmp/pip-install-146bu4z0/gdal_6d483f8c540042a9a0c237df0afd1a01/setup.py", line 108, in fetch_config
          raise gdal_config_error(e)
      gdal_config_error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'gdal-config'

      Could not find gdal-config. Make sure you have installed the GDAL native library and development headers.
      [end of output]

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: metadata-generation-failed

× Encountered error while generating package metadata.
╰─> See above for output.

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for details.
(venv) [root@VM-8-12-centos ~]#

============================================

linux安装python的GDAL包时，总是出现如下错误：
gdal_config_error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: ‘gdal-config’
Could not find gdal-config. Make sure you have installed the GDAL native library and development headers.

查了许多资料，都不行。
索性改变思路，去找linux下python的轮子，还真就找到了

linux下python的GDAL轮子链接如下：
https://sourceforge.net/projects/gdal-wheels-for-linux/files/

但是只有3.6、3.7版本的python轮子，因此需要重新下载3.6或者3.7版本的python，linux下安装python请参考其他博文。

下载好轮子之后，python -m pip install 轮子.wheel
链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36181130/article/details/121519519

============================================

离线安装GDAL

https://sourceforge.net/projects/gdal-wheels-for-linux/files/

GDAL-3.4.1-cp39-cp39-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.whl     2022-02-03     76.0 MB
42
GDAL-3.4.1-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.whl     2022-02-03     76.0 MB
64
GDAL-3.4.1-cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.whl     2022-02-03     76.1 MB
4
GDAL-3.4.1-cp36-cp36m-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.whl     2022-02-03     76.1 MB
3
GDAL-3.1.4-cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.whl     2021-05-13     70.3 MB
45
GDAL-3.1.4-cp36-cp36m-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.whl     2021-05-13     70.3 MB

(venv) [root@VM-8-12-centos software]# pip install GDAL-3.4.1-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/simple
Processing ./GDAL-3.4.1-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.21.3 in /root/MYPROJECT/backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from GDAL==3.4.1) (1.24.4)
Installing collected packages: GDAL
Successfully installed GDAL-3.4.1
(venv) [root@VM-8-12-centos software]#

============================================