Docker系列-2.Docker安装

Docker系列-2.Docker安装

Docker支持多种操作系统版本,包括CentOS、Ubuntu、Windows、Osx等,本文主要介绍CentOS7下docker的安装和配置。这里采用制作docker模板机的方式。

1. 确认系统版本

Docker要求CentOs7以上的系统版本和3.10以上的kernel版本。

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) 

[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

2. 卸载旧版本

[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum remove docker \
>                   docker-client \
>                   docker-client-latest \
>                   docker-common \
>                   docker-latest \
>                   docker-latest-logrotate \
>                   docker-logrotate \
>                   docker-engine
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
No Match for argument: docker
No Match for argument: docker-client
No Match for argument: docker-client-latest
No Match for argument: docker-common
No Match for argument: docker-latest
No Match for argument: docker-latest-logrotate
No Match for argument: docker-logrotate
No Match for argument: docker-engine
No Packages marked for removal
[root@localhost ~]# 

3. 安装docker

3.1 安装必要包支持

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-date lvm2
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
base                                                     | 3.6 kB     00:00     
extras                                                   | 2.9 kB     00:00     
updates                                                  | 2.9 kB     00:00     
(1/2): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                          | 205 kB   00:00     
(2/2): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                         | 3.0 MB   00:01     
No package device-mapper-persistent-date available.
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package lvm2.x86_64 7:2.02.180-8.el7 will be updated
---> Package lvm2.x86_64 7:2.02.186-7.el7_8.2 will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: lvm2-libs = 7:2.02.186-7.el7_8.2 for package: 7:lvm2-2.02.186-7.el7_8.2.x86_64
---> Package yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-54.el7_8 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-kitchen for package: yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: libxml2-python for package: yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libxml2-python.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7.4 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libxml2 = 2.9.1-6.el7.4 for package: libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7.4.x86_64
---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.180-8.el7 will be updated
---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.186-7.el7_8.2 will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-event = 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2 for package: 7:lvm2-libs-2.02.186-7.el7_8.2.x86_64
---> Package python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-chardet for package: python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 7:1.02.149-8.el7 will be updated
---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2 will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-event-libs = 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2 for package: 7:device-mapper-event-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: device-mapper = 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2 for package: 7:device-mapper-event-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64
---> Package libxml2.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 will be updated
---> Package libxml2.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7.4 will be an update
---> Package python-chardet.noarch 0:2.2.1-3.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper.x86_64 7:1.02.149-8.el7 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: device-mapper = 7:1.02.149-8.el7 for package: 7:device-mapper-libs-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64
---> Package device-mapper.x86_64 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2 will be an update
---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.149-8.el7 will be updated
---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2 will be an update
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.149-8.el7 will be updated
---> Package device-mapper-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package                     Arch      Version                 Repository  Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 yum-utils                   noarch    1.1.31-54.el7_8         updates    122 k
Updating:
 lvm2                        x86_64    7:2.02.186-7.el7_8.2    updates    1.3 M
Installing for dependencies:
 libxml2-python              x86_64    2.9.1-6.el7.4           base       247 k
 python-chardet              noarch    2.2.1-3.el7             base       227 k
 python-kitchen              noarch    1.1.1-5.el7             base       267 k
Updating for dependencies:
 device-mapper               x86_64    7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2    updates    295 k
 device-mapper-event         x86_64    7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2    updates    191 k
 device-mapper-event-libs    x86_64    7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2    updates    190 k
 device-mapper-libs          x86_64    7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2    updates    324 k
 libxml2                     x86_64    2.9.1-6.el7.4           base       668 k
 lvm2-libs                   x86_64    7:2.02.186-7.el7_8.2    updates    1.1 M

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)
Upgrade  1 Package (+6 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 4.9 M
Downloading packages:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
(1/11): device-mapper-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm        | 295 kB   00:00     
(2/11): device-mapper-event-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm  | 191 kB   00:00     
(3/11): device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64 | 190 kB   00:00     
(4/11): device-mapper-libs-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm   | 324 kB   00:00     
(5/11): lvm2-2.02.186-7.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm                 | 1.3 MB   00:00     
(6/11): lvm2-libs-2.02.186-7.el7_8.2.x86_64.rpm            | 1.1 MB   00:00     
(7/11): libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7.4.x86_64.rpm            | 247 kB   00:01     
(8/11): libxml2-2.9.1-6.el7.4.x86_64.rpm                   | 668 kB   00:01     
(9/11): python-chardet-2.2.1-3.el7.noarch.rpm              | 227 kB   00:00     
(10/11): python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm             | 267 kB   00:00     
(11/11): yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm              | 122 kB   00:00     
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                              2.1 MB/s | 4.9 MB  00:02     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Updating   : 7:device-mapper-libs-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64              1/18 
  Updating   : 7:device-mapper-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64                   2/18 
  Updating   : 7:device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64        3/18 
  Updating   : 7:device-mapper-event-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64             4/18 
  Updating   : 7:lvm2-libs-2.02.186-7.el7_8.2.x86_64                       5/18 
  Installing : python-chardet-2.2.1-3.el7.noarch                           6/18 
  Installing : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch                           7/18 
  Updating   : libxml2-2.9.1-6.el7.4.x86_64                                8/18 
  Installing : libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7.4.x86_64                         9/18 
  Installing : yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch                           10/18 
  Updating   : 7:lvm2-2.02.186-7.el7_8.2.x86_64                           11/18 
  Cleanup    : 7:lvm2-2.02.180-8.el7.x86_64                               12/18 
  Cleanup    : 7:lvm2-libs-2.02.180-8.el7.x86_64                          13/18 
  Cleanup    : 7:device-mapper-event-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64                14/18 
  Cleanup    : 7:device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64           15/18 
  Cleanup    : 7:device-mapper-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64                      16/18 
  Cleanup    : 7:device-mapper-libs-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64                 17/18 
  Cleanup    : libxml2-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64                             18/18 
  Verifying  : 7:device-mapper-event-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64             1/18 
  Verifying  : 7:lvm2-libs-2.02.186-7.el7_8.2.x86_64                       2/18 
  Verifying  : 7:device-mapper-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64                   3/18 
  Verifying  : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch                           4/18 
  Verifying  : 7:lvm2-2.02.186-7.el7_8.2.x86_64                            5/18 
  Verifying  : 7:device-mapper-libs-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64              6/18 
  Verifying  : libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7.4.x86_64                         7/18 
  Verifying  : 7:device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.164-7.el7_8.2.x86_64        8/18 
  Verifying  : libxml2-2.9.1-6.el7.4.x86_64                                9/18 
  Verifying  : yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch                           10/18 
  Verifying  : python-chardet-2.2.1-3.el7.noarch                          11/18 
  Verifying  : 7:lvm2-2.02.180-8.el7.x86_64                               12/18 
  Verifying  : 7:device-mapper-event-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64                13/18 
  Verifying  : libxml2-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64                             14/18 
  Verifying  : 7:lvm2-libs-2.02.180-8.el7.x86_64                          15/18 
  Verifying  : 7:device-mapper-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64                      16/18 
  Verifying  : 7:device-mapper-libs-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64                 17/18 
  Verifying  : 7:device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64           18/18 

Installed:
  yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-54.el7_8                                            

Dependency Installed:
  libxml2-python.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7.4   python-chardet.noarch 0:2.2.1-3.el7  
  python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7    

Updated:
  lvm2.x86_64 7:2.02.186-7.el7_8.2                                              

Dependency Updated:
  device-mapper.x86_64 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2                                     
  device-mapper-event.x86_64 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2                               
  device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2                          
  device-mapper-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.164-7.el7_8.2                                
  libxml2.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7.4                                                
  lvm2-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.186-7.el7_8.2                                         

Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# 

3.2 选用国内镜像repo

a 添加新的的repo(阿里云为例)

[root@localhost ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
adding repo from: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

b 刷新yum缓存

[root@localhost /]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: base docker-ce-stable extras updates
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@localhost /]# yum makecache fast
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base                                                                    | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
docker-ce-stable                                                        | 3.5 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                  | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                 | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/6): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                           | 153 kB  00:00:00     
(2/6): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                       | 205 kB  00:00:00     
(3/6): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                      | 3.0 MB  00:00:00     
(4/6): docker-ce-stable/x86_64/updateinfo                               |   55 B  00:00:00     
(5/6): docker-ce-stable/x86_64/primary_db                               |  45 kB  00:00:00     
(6/6): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                         | 6.1 MB  00:00:02     
Metadata Cache Created
[root@localhost /]# 

3.3 查看仓库版本

yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.9-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.8-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.7-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.6-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.5-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.4-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.3-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.2-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.1-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.12-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.11-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.10-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.0-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.9-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.8-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.7-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.6-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.5-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.4-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.3-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.2-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.1-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.0-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.3.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.2.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.1.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.0.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.3.ce-1.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
Available Packages
[root@localhost /]# 

3.4 安装指定版本docker


Last login: Mon Jul 27 12:34:46 2020 from 192.168.56.1
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove docker-ce.x86_64 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
No Match for argument: docker-ce.x86_64
No Packages marked for removal
[root@localhost ~]# clear
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y docker-ce-18.03.1.ce
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package docker-ce.x86_64 0:18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================
 Package          Arch          Version                        Repository               Size
=============================================================================================
Installing:
 docker-ce        x86_64        18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos        docker-ce-stable         35 M

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 35 M
Installed size: 35 M
Downloading packages:
docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm                          |  35 MB  00:00:02     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64                                  1/1 
  Verifying  : docker-ce-18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64                                  1/1 

Installed:
  docker-ce.x86_64 0:18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos                                                 

Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# 

4. 启动验证

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker

[root@localhost ~]# docker version
Client:
 Version:      18.03.1-ce
 API version:  1.37
 Go version:   go1.9.5
 Git commit:   9ee9f40
 Built:        Thu Apr 26 07:20:16 2018
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64
 Experimental: false
 Orchestrator: swarm

Server:
 Engine:
  Version:      18.03.1-ce
  API version:  1.37 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:   go1.9.5
  Git commit:   9ee9f40
  Built:        Thu Apr 26 07:23:58 2018
  OS/Arch:      linux/amd64
  Experimental: false

5. 抽取测试镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
0e03bdcc26d7: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:49a1c8800c94df04e9658809b006fd8a686cab8028d33cfba2cc049724254202
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

[root@localhost ~]# 

参考

https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/centos/

https://developer.aliyun.com/article/110806

posted @ 2020-07-31 23:46  ElfCafe  阅读(282)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报