单台服务器(Centos)上配制主从复制(一主两从)
单机上安装一个mysql ,通过三个不同端口启动三个实例,3306,3307,3308实现一主两从架构。
一、首先安装 mysql;
安装前首先使用yum命令安装、升级所需的程序库
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers libxslt-devel libevent-dev ntp
------------------------------ 安装 MySQL 部分 ------------------------------
创建mysql用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
安装cmake
yum install cmake
安装mysql
tar zxvf mysql-5.5.9.tar.gz
MY_dir="/home/mysqld"
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$MY_dir" -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DMYSQL_DATADIR="$MY_dir/"data/ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$MY_dir" -DSYSCONFDIR="$MY_dir" -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DENABLE_DEBUG_SYNC=0 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DENABLED_PROFILING=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 .
make
make install
二、完成后,复制两个mysql 数据库文件,并分别初始化三个数据库
cp mysqld/data mysqld/data_3307 -R
cp mysqld/data mysqld/data_3308 -R
/home/mysqld/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/home/mysqld --datadir=/home/mysqld/data
/home/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/home/mysqld --datadir=/home/mysqld/data_3307
/home/mysqld/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/home/mysqld --datadir=/home/mysqld/data_3308
三、配制 /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_multi] mysqld = /home/mysqld/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /home/mysqld/bin/mysqladmin user = mysql #password = mysql [mysqld1] server-id = 1 port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock1 pid-file = /home/mysqld/data/db-app.pid log = /home/mysqld/data/db-app.log datadir = /home/mysqld/data log-bin = mysql-bin user = mysql [mysqld2] server-id = 2 port = 3307 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock2 pid-file = /home/mysqld/data_3307/db-app.pid datadir = /home/mysqld/data_3307 log = /home/mysqld/data_3307/db-app.log binlog-ignore-db = mysql binlog-ignore-db = information_schema binlog-ignore-db = performance_schema replicate-do-db = test user = mysql [mysqld3] server-id = 3 port = 3308 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock3 pid-file = /home/mysqld/data_3308/db-app.pid datadir = /home/mysqld/data_3308 log = /home/mysqld/data_3308/db-app.log binlog-ignore-db = mysql binlog-ignore-db = information_schema binlog-ignore-db = performance_schema replicate-do-db = test user = mysql [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash [isamchk] key_buffer = 128M sort_buffer_size = 128M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [myisamchk] key_buffer = 128M sort_buffer_size = 128M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout
/home/mysqld/bin/mysqld_multi start 1-3 //启动三个端口的mysql
/home/mysqld/bin/mysqld_multi stop 1-3 //关闭三个端口的mysql
四、进入master(3306)
/home/mysqld/bin/mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -P3306
建立主从复制用户:(以下两个都要授权)
GRANT all ON *.* TO 'replication'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '***';
GRANT all ON *.* TO 'replication'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '***';
五、进入一个slave(3307 / 3308)
/home/mysqld/bin/mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -P3307
在mysql端设置slave 对应的master信息
mysql> change master to master_host='127.0.0.1', master_port=3306, master_user='replication', master_password='***';
slave stop; //停止从复制
slave start;//启动从复制
show slave status\G; //显示信息。
如下则成功:
mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 127.0.0.1 Master_User: replication Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000013 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107 Relay_Log_File: db-app-relay-bin.000038 Relay_Log_Pos: 253 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000013 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: test Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107 Relay_Log_Space: 556 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
六、进入另一个slave 重复步骤五,即可完成 单机一主两从复制。(多台也与上述类似)