简单分析实现运维利器---批量操作bashshell
背景
为了进一步完善自己写的小运维系统，今天就继续来补充一个批量操作bashshell，并记录操作用于审计！
一、思路
实现批量bashshell操作思路其实挺简单，同样是用到paramiko库，如果只写小脚本实现的可以参考我的另一篇文章Python
搞定繁琐运维之批量执行Linux命令，如果运用在web应用上，则需要websocket的帮助。
具体思路：
.打开websocket通道2.打开ssh通道3.执行shell4.反馈执行结果.5.保存操作记录
这个流程在Django运维系统基础功能之—web远程ssh终端这篇文章也讲述的很清楚。
但是我在想，实现批量操作需不需要做到像web终端一样？所有数据都要返回？我的答案是否定的，因为我觉得，要实行批量操作的时候，一般都只是做配置、备份、部署应用等。
因此只需要做到标准输入->标准输出或者错误输出即可。
二、实现
其实有上面的思路以及上述的两篇文章已经把细节讲的非常清楚了，在这里就不过多的阐述了，不清楚的可以看看上面提到的两篇文章，直接上代码供大家参考吧。
def batch(request):
global hostnum, hostip, hostport, hostuser, hostpass
if request.session.get('login')==None:
return redirect('/sys/login/')
if not request.is_websocket():
dataa = models.host.objects.all()
hostlist = (request.POST.get(f'{data.hostaddress}') for data in dataa)
hostnum = 0
hostip = []
hostport = []
hostuser = []
hostpass = []
for data in dataa:
host = request.POST.get(f'{data.hostaddress}')
if host != None:
hostnum = hostnum + 1
hostip.append(host)
hostport.append(models.host.objects.get(hostaddress=host).hostport)
hostuser.append(models.host.objects.get(hostaddress=host).hostuser)
hostpass.append(models.host.objects.get(hostaddress=host).hostpass)
return render(request,'html/batch.html',locals())
else:
if hostnum == 0 :
nummessage = '没有选择主机.'
request.websocket.send(nummessage.encode('utf-8'))
else:
wamessage = '等待主机连接ing...'
request.websocket.send(wamessage.encode('utf-8'))
a = []
b = []
c = []
d = []
for i in range(hostnum):
a.append('client' + str(i))
b.append('stdin' + str(i))
c.append('stdout' + str(i))
d.append('stderr' + str(i))
a[i] = paramiko.SSHClient() # 创建num个连接对象
# client2 = paramiko.SSHClient()
a[i].set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy) # 添加num个主机名及主机密钥到本地HostKeys对象
# client2.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy)
try:
a[i].connect(hostname=hostip[i], port=hostport[i], username=hostuser[i], password=hostpass[i]) # num个连接
# client2.connect(hostname=ip[1],port=port[1],username=username[1],password=password[1])
print(f'主机{hostip[i]}连接成功！')
message = f'主机{hostip[i]}连接成功！'
request.websocket.send(message.encode('utf-8'))
except:
print(f'主机{hostip[i]}连接失败，请确认列表信息！')
message = f'主机{hostip[i]}连接失败，请确认列表信息！'
request.websocket.send(message.encode('utf-8'))
for shell in request.websocket:
addactionshell = models.batchaction()
addactionshell.hostaddress = hostip
addactionshell.username = request.session['username']
addactionshell.actionshell = shell.decode('utf-8')
addactionshell.starttime = time.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
addactionshell.save()
for i in range(hostnum):
b[i], c[i], d[i] = a[i].exec_command(shell) # num个对象执行e命令
# print(f'----------------------{hostip[i]}执行结果----------------------')
# print(c[i].read().decode('utf-8')) # 打印正确输出
# print(d[i].read().decode('utf-8')) # 打印错误输出
output = '-'*97 + f'{hostip[i]}执行结果' + '-'*90 + c[i].read().decode('utf-8') + d[i].read().decode('utf-8')
request.websocket.send(output.encode('utf-8'))
html页面：
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% load static %}
{% block title %}批量执行{% endblock %}
{% block css %}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'adminlet-2.4.10/bower_components/datatables.net-bs/css/dataTables.bootstrap.css' %}">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'asciinemaplayer/asciinema-player.css' %}">
{% endblock %}
<!-- 顶部内容 -->
{% block breadcrumb %}
<!-- Content Header (Page header) -->
<section class="content-header">
<h1>批量执行</h1>
</section>
{% endblock %}
<!-- 身体内容 -->
{% block content %}
<div class="col-md-4">
<button type="button" style="float: left" class="btn btn-default" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#selecthost">选择主机</button>
</div>
<!-- Modal选择主机模态框 -->
<div class="modal fade bs-example-modeal-sm" id="selecthost" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="selecthostLabel">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-sm" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button>
<h4 class="modal-title" id="selecthostlLabel">请选择主机</h4>
</div>
<form action="{% url 'batch' %}" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<div class="modal-body">
<table class="table">
<tbody>
{% for data in dataa %}
<tr>
<td>
<label class="checkbox-inline">
<input type="checkbox" name="{{data.hostaddress}}" value="{{data.hostaddress}}">{{ data.hostaddress }}
</label>
</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal">关闭</button>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" id="selhostip">确定</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br><br>
<!-- 批量连接box -->
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="box box-info" >
<div class="box-header with-border">
<h3 class="box-title">执行的主机</h3>
</div>
<div class="box-body">
<table>
{% for i in hostlist %}
{% if i != None %}
<tr>
<td>{{i}}</td>
</tr>
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</table>
</div>
<div class="box-footer">
<a style="float: right" class="btn btn-success" id="conwebsocket">连接</a>
</div>
</div>
<label class="form-inline" >执行的命令：
<input class="form-control" type="text" name="acshell" id="shell" value=''>
<a class="btn btn-success" id="sendshell">确定</a><br>（只支持标准输入-标准输出-标准错误模式）
</label>
</div>
<div class="col-md-8">
<div class="box box-info" >
<div class="box-header with-border">
<h3 class="box-title">执行结果</h3>
</div>
<div class="box-body" id="showmess">
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}
<!-- JS内容 -->
{% block script %}
<script src="{% static 'adminlet-2.4.10/bower_components/datatables.net/js/jquery.dataTables.min.js' %}"></script>
<script src="{% static 'adminlet-2.4.10/bower_components/datatables.net-bs/js/dataTables.bootstrap.min.js' %}"></script>
<script src="/static/xterm_/jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function () {
$('#conwebsocket').click(function () {
if (window.s) {
window.s.close()
}
/*创建socket连接*/
var socket = new WebSocket("ws://" + window.location.host + "{% url 'batch' %}");
socket.onopen = function () {
console.log('WebSocket open');//成功连接上Websocket
};
socket.onmessage = function (mess) {
console.log('message: ' + mess.data);//打印出服务端返回过来的数据
$('#showmess').prepend('<p>' + mess.data + '</p>');
};
// Call onopen directly if socket is already open
if (socket.readyState == WebSocket.OPEN) socket.onopen();
window.s = socket;
});
$('#sendshell').click(function () {
//如果未连接到websocket
if (!window.s) {
$('#showmess').prepend('没有连接主机');
} else {
window.s.send($('#shell').val());//通过websocket发送数据
}
});
$('#close_websocket').click(function () {
if (window.s) {
window.s.close();//关闭websocket
console.log('websocket已关闭');
}
});
});
</script>
{% endblock %}
models：
class batchaction(models.Model):
hostaddress = models.CharField(max_length=255)
username = models.CharField(max_length=255)
actionshell = models.CharField(max_length=255)
starttime = models.CharField(max_length=255)
审计html，在录像的页面基础上添加：
<!-- datatable 批量操作审计-->
<div class="box box-default">
<div class="box-header with-border">
<h3 class="box-title">批量操作列表</h3>
</div>
<div class="box-body">
<table id="batchlist" class="display" style="width:100%">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>主机地址</th>
<th>操作人</th>
<th>执行shell</th>
<th>开始时间</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for batchacction in batchactionlist %}
<tr>
<td>{{ batchacction.hostaddress }}</td>
<td>{{ batchacction.username }}</td>
<td>{{ batchacction.actionshell }}</td>
<td>{{ batchacction.starttime }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
最终效果：
三、结束
好啦，Django运维系统之—批量操作bashshell，并记录操作用于审计的功能做到这里就结束咯。下次看看再补充一个执行shell脚本的功能吧。
执行shell脚本功能出来了好像上传文件的功能也差不多出来了哈哈…
