k8s部署-二进制-1.27
一、系统环境初始化
1.1 系统环境
系统： Rocky linux 8.7x64 cat /etc/hosts 192.168.3.61 devops-0001 192.168.3.62 devops-0002 192.168.3.63 devops-0003 192.168.3.64 devops-0004 192.168.3.65 devops-0005
1.2 下载工具准备
1.下载kubernetes1.27.+的二进制包 github二进制包下载地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.27.md wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.27.1/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz 2.下载etcdctl二进制包 github二进制包下载地址：https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.5.8/etcd-v3.5.8-linux-amd64.tar.gz 3.docker-ce二进制包下载地址 二进制包下载地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/ 这里需要下载20.10.+版本 wget https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-20.10.23.tgz 4.下载cri-docker 二进制包下载地址：https://github.com/Mirantis/cri-dockerd/releases/ wget https://ghproxy.com/https://github.com/Mirantis/cri-dockerd/releases/download/v0.2.6/cri-dockerd-0.2.6.amd64.tgz 5.containerd二进制包下载 github下载地址：https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases containerd下载时下载带cni插件的二进制包。 wget https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases/download/v1.6.6/cri-containerd-cni-1.6.6-linux-amd64.tar.gz 6.下载cfssl二进制包 github二进制包下载地址：https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssl_1.6.1_linux_amd64 wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssljson_1.6.1_linux_amd64 wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssl-certinfo_1.6.1_linux_amd64 7.cni插件下载 github下载地址：https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v1.1.1/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.1.1.tgz 8.crictl客户端二进制下载 github下载：https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases wget https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases/download/v1.24.2/crictl-v1.24.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
1.3系统初始化
# 安装依赖包 yum -y install wget jq psmisc vim net-tools nfs-utils telnet yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git network-scripts tar curl -y # 关闭防火墙 与selinux systemctl disable --now firewalld setenforce 0 sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config # 关闭交换分区 sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0 cat /etc/fstab # /dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0 # # 配置系统句柄数 ulimit -SHn 65535 cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF * soft nofile 655360 * hard nofile 131072 * soft nproc 655350 * hard nproc 655350 * seft memlock unlimited * hard memlock unlimitedd EOF # 做系统无密码互信登陆 yum install -y sshpass ssh-keygen -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa -P '' export IP="172.16.10.81 172.16.10.82 172.16.10.83" export SSHPASS=flyfish225 for HOST in $IP;do sshpass -e ssh-copy-id -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no $HOST done # 升级系统内核 rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-8.el8.elrepo.noarch.rpm
yum install http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm 修改阿里云 镜像源 mv /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo.bak vim /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo ---- [elrepo-kernel] name=elrepoyum baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/elrepo/kernel/el8/x86_64/ enable=1 gpgcheck=0 ---- yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml #使用序号为0的内核，序号0是前面查出来的可用内核编号 grub2-set-default 0 #生成 grub 配置文件并重启 grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg reboot
启用ipvs yum install ipvsadm ipset sysstat conntrack libseccomp -y mkdir -p /etc/modules-load.d/ cat >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf <<EOF ip_vs ip_vs_rr ip_vs_wrr ip_vs_sh nf_conntrack ip_tables ip_set xt_set ipt_set ipt_rpfilter ipt_REJECT ipip EOF systemctl restart systemd-modules-load.service lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack ip_vs_sh 16384 0 ip_vs_wrr 16384 0 ip_vs_rr 16384 0 ip_vs 180224 6 ip_vs_rr,ip_vs_sh,ip_vs_wrr nf_conntrack 176128 1 ip_vs nf_defrag_ipv6 24576 2 nf_conntrack,ip_vs nf_defrag_ipv4 16384 1 nf_conntrack libcrc32c 16384 3 nf_conntrack,xfs,ip_vs
1.4 修改内核参数
cat <<EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 vm.overcommit_memory = 1 vm.panic_on_oom = 0 fs.inotify.max_user_watches = 89100 fs.file-max = 52706963 fs.nr_open = 52706963 net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = 2310720 net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600 net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 3 net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 15 net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 36000 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 327680 net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries = 3 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.core.somaxconn = 16384 net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 0 net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 0 net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 0 net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1 EOF modprobe br_netfilter lsmod |grep conntrack modprobe ip_conntrack sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
1.5 所有节点安装containerd
### 加载 containerd模块 cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/containerd.conf overlay br_netfilter EOF systemctl restart systemd-modules-load.service cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-kubernetes-cri.conf net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 EOF # 加载内核 sysctl --system 获取阿里云YUM源 wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo 查看YUM源中Containerd软件 # yum list | grep containerd containerd.io.x86_64 1.4.12-3.1.el7 docker-ce-stable 下载安装： yum install -y containerd.io
1.6 配置containerd 的服务
生成containerd的配置文件 mkdir /etc/containerd -p 生成配置文件 containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml 编辑配置文件 vim /etc/containerd/config.toml ----- SystemdCgroup = false 改为 SystemdCgroup = true # sandbox_image = "k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.6" 改为： sandbox_image = "registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.6" ------ # systemctl enable containerd Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/containerd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/containerd.service. # systemctl start containerd ctr version runc -version
二、部署etcd 服务
2.1 设置关于签名证书
下载： wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssl_1.6.2_linux_amd64 wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssljson_1.6.2_linux_amd64 wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssl-certinfo_1.6.1_linux_amd64 mv cfssl_1.6.1_linux_amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl mv cfssljson_1.6.1_linux_amd64 /usr/bin/cfssljson mv cfssl-certinfo_1.6.1_linux_amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo chmod +x /usr/bin/cfssl*
mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s} cd ~/TLS/etcd 自签CA： cat > ca-config.json << EOF { "signing": { "default": { "expiry": "87600h" }, "profiles": { "www": { "expiry": "87600h", "usages": [ "signing", "key encipherment", "server auth", "client auth" ] } } } } EOF cat > ca-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "etcd CA", "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "Beijing", "ST": "Beijing" } ] } EOF 生成证书： cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca - 会生成ca.pem和ca-key.pem文件
#使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书 #创建证书申请文件： cat > server-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "etcd", "hosts": [ "172.16.10.81", "172.16.10.82", "172.16.10.83", "172.16.10.84", "172.16.10.85", "172.16.10.86", "172.16.10.87", "172.16.10.88", "172.16.10.89", "172.16.10.200" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing" } ] } EOF #注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有etcd节点的集群内部通信IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。 #生成证书： cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server #会生成server.pem和server-key.pem文件。
1. Etcd 的概念： Etcd 是一个分布式键值存储系统，Kubernetes使用Etcd进行数据存储，所以先准备一个Etcd数据库，为解决Etcd单点故障，应采用集群方式部署，这里使用3台组建集群，可容忍1台机器故障，当然，你也可以使用5台组建集群，可容忍2台机器故障。 下载地址： https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases 以下在节点flyfish81上操作，为简化操作，待会将节点flyfish81生成的所有 文件拷贝到节点flyfish82和节点flyfish83. 2. 安装配置etcd mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p tar zxvf etcd-v3.5.8-linux-amd64.tar.gz mv etcd-v3.5.8-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/
#flyfish81 etcd 配置文件 cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF #[Member] ETCD_NAME="etcd-1" ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd" ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.10.81:2380" ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.10.81:2379" #[Clustering] ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.10.81:2380" ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.10.81:2379" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://172.16.10.81:2380,etcd-2=https://172.16.10.82:2380,etcd-3=https://172.16.10.83:2380" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new" EOF --- ETCD_NAME：节点名称，集群中唯一 ETCD_DATA_DIR：数据目录 ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通信监听地址 ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客户端访问监听地址 ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：集群通告地址 ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客户端通告地址 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群节点地址 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：集群Token ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群
3. systemd管理etcd cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Etcd Server After=network.target After=network-online.target Wants=network-online.target [Service] Type=notify EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \ --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \ --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \ --peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \ --peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \ --trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --logger=zap Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
2.2 安装etcd
#拷贝刚才生成的证书 #把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径： cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/ 5. 同步所有主机 scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@172.16.10.82:/opt/ scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@172.16.10.83:/opt/ scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@172.16.10.82:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@172.16.10.83:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
flyfish82 etcd vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
#[Member] ETCD_NAME="etcd-2" ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd" ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.10.82:2380" ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.10.82:2379" #[Clustering] ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.10.82:2380" ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.10.82:2379" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://172.16.10.81:2380,etcd-2=https://172.16.10.82:2380,etcd-3=https://172.16.10.83:2380" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
flyfish83 etcd vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf #[Member] ETCD_NAME="etcd-3" ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd" ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.10.83:2380" ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.10.83:2379" #[Clustering] ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://172.16.10.83:2380" ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://172.16.10.83:2379" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://172.16.10.81:2380,etcd-2=https://172.16.10.82:2380,etcd-3=https://172.16.10.83:2380" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
启动etcd: systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start etcd systemctl enable etcd
验证： ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://172.16.10.81:2379,https://172.16.10.82:2379,https://172.16.10.83:2379" endpoint health --write-out=table
三、部署k8s1.27.x
3.1 k8s 1.27.x 最新版本下载
1. 从Github下载二进制文件 下载地址： https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.27.md 注：打开链接你会发现里面有很多包，下载一个server包就够了，包含了Master和Worker Node二进制文件。
3.2 生成k8s1.27.x 证书
#创建k8s 的kube-apiserver证书 cd ~/TLS/k8s cat > ca-config.json << EOF { "signing": { "default": { "expiry": "87600h" }, "profiles": { "kubernetes": { "expiry": "87600h", "usages": [ "signing", "key encipherment", "server auth", "client auth" ] } } } } EOF cat > ca-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "kubernetes", "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "Beijing", "ST": "Beijing", "O": "k8s", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF 生成证书： cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca - 会生成ca.pem和ca-key.pem文件。
#使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书 #创建证书申请文件： cat > server-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "kubernetes", "hosts": [ "10.0.0.1", "127.0.0.1", "172.16.10.81", "172.16.10.82", "172.16.10.83", "172.16.10.84", "172.16.10.85", "172.16.10.86", "172.16.10.87", "172.16.10.88", "172.16.10.89", "172.16.10.200", "kubernetes", "kubernetes.default", "kubernetes.default.svc", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing", "O": "k8s", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF #注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有Master/LB/VIP IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。 cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server #会生成server.pem和server-key.pem文件。
3.3 安装k8s 1.27.x
#部署k8s1.27.1 #解压二进制包 mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} tar -zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar cd kubernetes/server/bin cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin cp kubectl /usr/bin/ cp kubectl /usr/local/bin/
3.3.1 部署kube-apiserver
#部署kube-apiserver #创建配置文件 vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,NodeRestriction,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota \ --v=2 \ --etcd-servers=https://172.16.10.81:2379,https://172.16.10.82:2379,https://172.16.10.83:2379 \ --bind-address=172.16.10.81 \ --secure-port=6443 \ --advertise-address=172.16.10.81 \ --allow-privileged=true \ --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \ --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \ --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \ --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \ --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \ --kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \ --kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \ --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \ --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \ --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \ --service-account-issuer=api \ --service-account-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \ --etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \ --etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \ --requestheader-client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --proxy-client-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \ --proxy-client-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \ --requestheader-allowed-names=kubernetes \ --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \ --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \ --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \ --enable-aggregator-routing=true \ --audit-log-maxage=30 \ --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \ --audit-log-maxsize=100 \ --service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local \ --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname \ --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
注：上面两个\ \ 第一个是转义符，第二个是换行符，使用转义符是为了使用EOF保留换行符。 • ---v：日志等级 • --etcd-servers：etcd集群地址 • --bind-address：监听地址 • --secure-port：https安全端口 • --advertise-address：集群通告地址 • --allow-privileged：启用授权 • --service-cluster-ip-range：Service虚拟IP地址段 • --enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模块 • --authorization-mode：认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理 • --enable-bootstrap-token-auth：启用TLS bootstrap机制 • --token-auth-file：bootstrap token文件 • --service-node-port-range：Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围 • --kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书 • --tls-xxx-file：apiserver https证书 • 1.20版本必须加的参数：--service-account-issuer，--service-account-signing-key-file • --etcd-xxxfile：连接Etcd集群证书 • --audit-log-xxx：审计日志 • 启动聚合层相关配置：--requestheader-client-ca-file，--proxy-client-cert-file，--proxy-client-key-file，--requestheader-allowed-names，--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix，--requestheader-group-headers，--requestheader-username-headers，--enable-aggregator-routing
#拷贝刚才生成的证书 #把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径： cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
#启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制 TLS Bootstraping：Master apiserver启用TLS认证后，Node节点kubelet和 kube-proxy要与kube-apiserver进行通信，必须使用CA签发的有效证书才可以， 当Node节点很多时，这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作，同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。 为了简化流程，Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书， kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书， kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。 所以强烈建议在Node上使用这种方式，目前主要用于kubelet，kube-proxy 还是由我们统一颁发一个证书。
创建上述配置文件中token文件： cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper" EOF 格式：token，用户名，UID，用户组 token也可自行生成替换： head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
#systemd管理apiserver cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes API Server Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
#启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-apiserver systemctl enable kube-apiserver
3.3.2 部署kube-controller-manager
#部署kube-controller-manager #1. 创建配置文件 cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS=" \\ --v=2 \\ --leader-elect=true \\ --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \\ --bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\ --allocate-node-cidrs=true \\ --cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\ --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\ --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\ --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\ --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\ --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\ --cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s" EOF
•--kubeconfig：连接apiserver配置文件 •--leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA） •--cluster-signing-cert-file/--cluster-signing-key-file：自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA，与apiserver保持一致
2. 生成kubeconfig文件 生成kube-controller-manager证书： # 切换工作目录 cd ~/TLS/k8s # 创建证书请求文件 cat > kube-controller-manager-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing", "O": "system:masters", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF # 生成证书 cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager
生成kubeconfig文件（以下是shell命令，直接在终端执行）： KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig" KUBE_APISERVER="https://172.16.10.81:6443" kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials kube-controller-manager \ --client-certificate=./kube-controller-manager.pem \ --client-key=./kube-controller-manager-key.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=kube-controller-manager \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
# systemd管理controller-manager cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
#启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-controller-manager systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
3.3.3 部署kube-scheduler
部署kube-scheduler 1. 创建配置文件 cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS=" \\ --v=2 \\ --leader-elect \\ --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \\ --bind-address=127.0.0.1" EOF •--kubeconfig：连接apiserver配置文件 •--leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）
#生成kubeconfig文件 生成kube-scheduler证书： # 切换工作目录 cd ~/TLS/k8s # 创建证书请求文件 cat > kube-scheduler-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "system:kube-scheduler", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing", "O": "system:masters", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF # 生成证书 cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler
生成kubeconfig文件： KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig" KUBE_APISERVER="https://172.16.10.81:6443" kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials kube-scheduler \ --client-certificate=./kube-scheduler.pem \ --client-key=./kube-scheduler-key.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=kube-scheduler \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
3. systemd管理scheduler cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-scheduler systemctl enable kube-scheduler
3.3.4 查看集群状态
#查看集群状态 #生成kubectl连接集群的证书： cd /root/TLS/k8s/ cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF { "CN": "admin", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing", "O": "system:masters", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
生成kubeconfig文件： mkdir /root/.kube KUBE_CONFIG="/root/.kube/config" KUBE_APISERVER="https://172.16.10.81:6443" kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials cluster-admin \ --client-certificate=./admin.pem \ --client-key=./admin-key.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=cluster-admin \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
通过kubectl工具查看当前集群组件状态： kubectl get cs NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR scheduler Healthy ok controller-manager Healthy ok etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true"} etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true"} etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"} 如上输出说明Master节点组件运行正常。
授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书 kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \ --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \ --user=kubelet-bootstrap
四、部署worker节点
4.1 创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件
在所有worker node创建工作目录： mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 从master节点拷贝： cd /root/software cd kubernetes/server/bin cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin # 本地拷贝
4.2 部署kubelet
1. 创建配置文件 vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf ------ KUBELET_OPTS=" \ --v=2 \ --hostname-override=flyfish81 \ --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \ --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \ --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \ --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \ --runtime-request-timeout=15m \ --container-runtime-endpoint=unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock \ --cgroup-driver=systemd \ --node-labels=node.kubernetes.io/node=''" ------
#配置参数文件 cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF kind: KubeletConfiguration apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1 address: 0.0.0.0 port: 10250 readOnlyPort: 10255 cgroupDriver: cgroupfs clusterDNS: - 10.0.0.2 clusterDomain: cluster.local failSwapOn: false authentication: anonymous: enabled: false webhook: cacheTTL: 2m0s enabled: true x509: clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem authorization: mode: Webhook webhook: cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s evictionHard: imagefs.available: 15% memory.available: 100Mi nodefs.available: 10% nodefs.inodesFree: 5% maxOpenFiles: 1000000 maxPods: 110 EOF
#生成kubelet初次加入集群引导kubeconfig文件 KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig" KUBE_APISERVER="https://172.16.10.81:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT TOKEN="c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940" # 与token.csv里保持一致 # 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件 kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \ --token=${TOKEN} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
systemd管理kubelet cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Kubelet After=docker.service [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kubelet systemctl enable kubelet
批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群 # 查看kubelet证书请求 kubectl get csr [root@flyfish81 cfg]# kubectl get csr NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR REQUESTEDDURATION CONDITION node-csr-hWj6tp2sY8FcUBVyzLJrQ3W0OLrAkph0IkZYhfD5xbk 3m25s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap <none> Pending # 批准申请 kubectl certificate approve node-csr-hWj6tp2sY8FcUBVyzLJrQ3W0OLrAkph0IkZYhfD5xbk # 查看节点 [root@flyfish81 cfg]# kubectl get node NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION flyfish81 NotReady <none> 5s v1.27.1
4.3 部署kube-proxy
1. 创建配置文件 cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF KUBE_PROXY_OPTS=" \\ --v=2 \\ --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml" EOF
2. 配置参数文件 cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF kind: KubeProxyConfiguration apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1 bindAddress: 0.0.0.0 metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249 clientConnection: kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig hostnameOverride: flyfish81 clusterCIDR: 10.244.0.0/16 mode: ipvs ipvs: scheduler: "rr" iptables: masqueradeAll: true EOF
#生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件 # 切换工作目录 cd ~/TLS/k8s # 创建证书请求文件 cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "system:kube-proxy", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing", "O": "k8s", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF # 生成证书 cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy 生成kubeconfig文件： KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig" KUBE_APISERVER="https://172.16.10.81:6443" kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \ --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \ --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=kube-proxy \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
systemd管理kube-proxy cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Proxy After=network.target [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-proxy systemctl enable kube-proxy
五、部署calico网络
网络组件有很多种，只需要部署其中一个即可，推荐Calico。 Calico是一个纯三层的数据中心网络方案，Calico支持广泛的平台，包括Kubernetes、OpenStack等。 Calico 在每一个计算节点利用 Linux Kernel 实现了一个高效的虚拟路由器（ vRouter） 来负责数据转发，而每个 vRouter 通过 BGP 协议负责把自己上运行的 workload 的路由信息向整个 Calico 网络内传播。 此外，Calico 项目还实现了 Kubernetes 网络策略，提供ACL功能。 1.下载Calico wget https://docs.tigera.io/archive/v3.25/manifests/calico.yaml vim calico.yaml ... - name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR value: "10.244.0.0/16" ...
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
kubectl get pod -n kube-system
kubectl get node
授权apiserver访问kubelet 应用场景：例如kubectl logs cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRole metadata: annotations: rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true" labels: kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet rules: - apiGroups: - "" resources: - nodes/proxy - nodes/stats - nodes/log - nodes/spec - nodes/metrics - pods/log verbs: - "*" --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: system:kube-apiserver namespace: "" roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet subjects: - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: User name: kubernetes EOF kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml
六、新增加一个worker node
6.1 同步配置文件
1. 拷贝已部署好的Node相关文件到新节点 在Master节点将Worker Node涉及文件拷贝到新节点172.16.10.82/83 scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@172.16.10.82:/opt/ scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@172.16.10.82:/opt/kubernetes/ssl scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@172.16.10.82:/usr/lib/systemd/system scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@172.16.10.83:/opt/ scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@172.16.10.83:/opt/kubernetes/ssl scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@172.16.10.83:/usr/lib/systemd/system
删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件 rm -rf /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig rm -rf /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet* rm -rf /opt/kubernetes/logs/* 注：这几个文件是证书申请审批后自动生成的，每个Node不同，必须删除
修改主机名 [改节点的主机名] flyfish82: vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf --hostname-override=flyfish82 vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml hostnameOverride: flyfish82
修改主机名 [改节点的主机名] flyfish83: vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf --hostname-override=flyfish83 vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml hostnameOverride: flyfish83
启动并设置开机启动 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kubelet kube-proxy systemctl enable kubelet kube-proxy
在Master上批准新Node kubelet证书申请
kubectl get csr
# 授权请求 kubectl certificate approve node-csr-4aVtcOsvmkhKQ1dnyJAOMD3VDcORfXulPs9Xn8d-QIE kubectl certificate approve node-csr-9dAHpoiTUPrG4nY-kfJD_Cir2wnWLfuYT004MVr53uw
kubectl get pod -n kube-system
kubectl get node
7、部署Dashbord和CoreDNS
7.1 部署Dashboard
github: https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/releases/tag/v2.7.0 wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.7.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml 目前最新版本v2.7.0 vim recommended.yaml ---- spec: ports: - port: 443 targetPort: 8443 nodePort: 30001 type: NodePort selector: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard ---- kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml
kubectl get pods -n kubernetes-dashboard
kubectl get pods,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色： vim dashadmin.yaml ----- apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: admin-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: admin-user roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: cluster-admin subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: admin-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard ----- kubectl apply -f dashadmin.yaml
创建用户登录token kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard create token admin-user ---- eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IktNSmFsTWZEMjZHQmg2UnhvdkRKMDBFbTlmbm9jVmFMcjVlOXpjU2UxYTQifQ.eyJhdWQiOlsiYXBpIiwiaHR0cHM6Ly9rdWJlcm5ldGVzLmRlZmF1bHQuc3ZjLmNsdXN0ZXIubG9jYWwiXSwiZXhwIjoxNjgxNzA1MjQwLCJpYXQiOjE2ODE3MDE2NDAsImlzcyI6ImFwaSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8iOnsibmFtZXNwYWNlIjoia3ViZXJuZXRlcy1kYXNoYm9hcmQiLCJzZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudCI6eyJuYW1lIjoiYWRtaW4tdXNlciIsInVpZCI6ImEzNzk5NjYyLTJiNjctNDJiZS05NGRjLWJhZmI3MDY4YjE4NiJ9fSwibmJmIjoxNjgxNzAxNjQwLCJzdWIiOiJzeXN0ZW06c2VydmljZWFjY291bnQ6a3ViZXJuZXRlcy1kYXNoYm9hcmQ6YWRtaW4tdXNlciJ9.MbEAO7KJ7-lAACMdFRTTH8FVd7igM0w7wjaSCtIVa1H2oPJwHrJGzaNPSAR_tpCSOPJMae21fh4gEF0rUqcyJqSh9f9xUlf7yIjitcUP7TWd-EaGXwMBxl8uQI9W5GkVcJMLjHUG7H-dqJt8i-LteK1wJyr8ZRd4oqdexRtepR9n0IK-_tjicm3Jy99G6pbWCrtws3VqVxFZ13bOsnYzJ4fBTbGjYR2O0RRcstcMLSLNdWWw0OqS8jqitHMEothKs8itq14n_NK0RqdhXYRFFOtwKvQ2mriAhVJJA4oGveONklW2isCMr2sjDnnyOaLgs1R1VI7M5ClyZgctvLg ----
打开web
https://172.16.10.81:30001
7.2 部署CoreDNS
kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml
测试:
kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh
创建一个nginx pod 测试： kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort kubectl get deploy,svc,pod
end.
yum install
本文来自博客园，作者：王竹笙，转载请注明原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/edeny/p/17391942.html
