Python绘制南北极地图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import cartopy.crs as ccrs
import cartopy.feature as cfeature
import matplotlib.path as mpath

def plot_polar_map(dmeridian: float = 30.0,  # 经度网格线间隔
                   dparallel: float = 15.0):  # 纬度网格线间隔
    """
    绘制北极区域的极区投影地图，并添加经纬度网格和标签。

    参数：
        dmeridian (float): 经度网格线的间隔（单位：度），默认为30.0
        dparallel (float): 纬度网格线的间隔（单位：度），默认为15.0
    """
    # 创建图形对象，设置尺寸为8x8英寸
    fig = plt.figure(figsize=[8, 8])

    # 设置北极区域的极区投影
    projection = ccrs.NorthPolarStereo()
    ax = plt.axes(projection=projection)

    # 绘制海岸线
    ax.coastlines(linewidths=0.5)

    # 添加陆地特征，设置颜色为浅灰色
    ax.add_feature(cfeature.LAND, facecolor='lightgray')

    # 设置显示范围，限制显示区域为北极
    ax.set_extent([0, 360, 0, 90], ccrs.PlateCarree())

    # 计算经纬度网格线的数量
    num_merid = int(360.0 / dmeridian + 1.0)  # 经度网格线的数量
    num_parra = int(90.0 / dparallel + 1.0)   # 纬度网格线的数量

    # 绘制网格线
    gl = ax.gridlines(crs=ccrs.PlateCarree(),
                      xlocs=np.linspace(0.0, 360.0, num_merid),
                      ylocs=np.linspace(0.0, 90.0, num_parra),
                      linestyle="--", linewidth=1, color='k', alpha=0.5)

    # 创建圆形路径用于设置图像边界
    theta = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 120)
    verts = np.vstack([np.sin(theta), np.cos(theta)]).T
    center, radius = [0.5, 0.5], 0.5
    circle = mpath.Path(verts * radius + center)

    # 设置图形边界为圆形
    ax.set_boundary(circle, transform=ax.transAxes)

    # 设置标签对齐方式
    va = 'center'  # 垂直对齐方式，选项有：'center', 'bottom', 'top'
    ha = 'center'  # 水平对齐方式，选项有：'right', 'left'

    # 设置度符号
    degree_symbol = u'\u00B0'

    # 绘制经度标签
    lond = np.linspace(0, 360, num_merid)
    latd = np.zeros(len(lond))

    for alon, alat in zip(lond, latd):
        projx1, projy1 = ax.projection.transform_point(alon, alat, ccrs.Geodetic())
        if alon > 0 and alon < 180:
            ha = 'left'
            va = 'center'
        if alon > 180 and alon < 360:
            ha = 'right'
            va = 'center'
        if np.abs(alon - 180) < 0.01:
            ha = 'center'
            va = 'bottom'
        if alon == 0.:
            ha = 'center'
            va = 'top'
        if alon < 360.:
            txt = f' {int(alon)} ' + degree_symbol
            ax.text(projx1, projy1, txt, va=va, ha=ha, color='g')

    # 绘制纬度标签（这里选择了经度315作为示例）
    lond2 = 315 * np.ones(len(lond))
    latd2 = np.linspace(0, 90, num_parra)

    va, ha = 'center', 'center'
    for alon, alat in zip(lond2, latd2):
        projx1, projy1 = ax.projection.transform_point(alon, alat, ccrs.Geodetic())
        txt = f' {int(alat)} ' + degree_symbol
        ax.text(projx1, projy1, txt, va=va, ha=ha, color='r')
    # 设置窗口标题
    fig.canvas.manager.set_window_title('北极区域极区投影地图')
    # 显示绘制的图形
    plt.show()

# 调用函数绘制极区地图
plot_polar_map(dmeridian=30.0, dparallel=15.0)

查看绘制南极代码

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import cartopy.crs as ccrs
import cartopy.feature as cfeature
import matplotlib.path as mpath


def plot_south_polar_map(dmeridian: float = 30.0,  # 经度网格线间隔
                         dparallel: float = 15.0):  # 纬度网格线间隔
    """
    绘制南极区域的极区投影地图，并添加经纬度网格和标签。

    参数：
        dmeridian (float): 经度网格线的间隔（单位：度），默认为30.0
        dparallel (float): 纬度网格线的间隔（单位：度），默认为15.0
    """
    # 创建图形对象，设置尺寸为8x8英寸
    fig = plt.figure(figsize=[8, 8])

    # 设置南极区域的极区投影
    projection = ccrs.SouthPolarStereo()
    ax = plt.axes(projection=projection)

    # 绘制海岸线
    ax.coastlines(linewidths=0.5)

    # 添加陆地特征，设置颜色为浅灰色
    ax.add_feature(cfeature.LAND, facecolor='lightgray')

    # 设置显示范围，限制显示区域为南极
    ax.set_extent([0, 360, -90, 0], ccrs.PlateCarree())

    # 计算经纬度网格线的数量
    num_merid = int(360.0 / dmeridian + 1.0)  # 经度网格线的数量
    num_parra = int(90.0 / dparallel + 1.0)  # 纬度网格线的数量

    # 绘制网格线
    gl = ax.gridlines(crs=ccrs.PlateCarree(),
                      xlocs=np.linspace(0.0, 360.0, num_merid),
                      ylocs=np.linspace(-90.0, 0.0, num_parra),
                      linestyle="--", linewidth=1, color='k', alpha=0.5)

    # 创建圆形路径用于设置图像边界
    theta = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 120)
    verts = np.vstack([np.sin(theta), np.cos(theta)]).T
    center, radius = [0.5, 0.5], 0.5
    circle = mpath.Path(verts * radius + center)

    # 设置图形边界为圆形
    ax.set_boundary(circle, transform=ax.transAxes)

    # 设置标签对齐方式
    va = 'center'  # 垂直对齐方式，选项有：'center', 'bottom', 'top'
    ha = 'center'  # 水平对齐方式，选项有：'right', 'left'

    # 设置度符号
    degree_symbol = u'\u00B0'

    # 绘制经度标签
    lond = np.linspace(0, 360, num_merid)
    latd = np.zeros(len(lond))

    for alon, alat in zip(lond, latd):
        projx1, projy1 = ax.projection.transform_point(alon, alat, ccrs.Geodetic())
        if alon > 0 and alon < 180:
            ha = 'left'
            va = 'center'
        if alon > 180 and alon < 360:
            ha = 'right'
            va = 'center'
        if np.abs(alon - 180) < 0.01:
            ha = 'center'
            va = 'bottom'
        if alon == 0.:
            ha = 'center'
            va = 'top'
        if alon < 360.:
            txt = f' {int(alon)} ' + degree_symbol
            ax.text(projx1, projy1, txt, va=va, ha=ha, color='g')

    # 绘制纬度标签（这里选择了经度315作为示例）
    lond2 = 315 * np.ones(len(lond))
    latd2 = np.linspace(-90, 0, num_parra)

    va, ha = 'center', 'center'
    for alon, alat in zip(lond2, latd2):
        projx1, projy1 = ax.projection.transform_point(alon, alat, ccrs.Geodetic())
        txt = f' {int(alat)} ' + degree_symbol
        ax.text(projx1, projy1, txt, va=va, ha=ha, color='r')
    
    # 设置窗口标题
    fig.canvas.manager.set_window_title('南极区域极区投影地图')
    # 显示绘制的图形
    plt.show()


# 调用函数绘制南极地图
plot_south_polar_map(dmeridian=30.0, dparallel=15.0)