RMAN 学习小结

1) rman catalog rmanbk/rmanbk@axibk
rman catalog rmanbk/rmanbk@axibk target sys/richel@axisoft1
2) create catalog tablespace "RMAN_TS"

3) CONNECT TARGET SYS/RICHEL@AXISOFT1

4) register database

5) RMAN> run {
allocate channel d1 type disk;
backup tag=db_full_bk_20050419 format='e:ora_backup%d%s%p.bak' (database);
release channel d1;} //全部备份；

RMAN> run {
allocate channel d1 type disk;
backup incremental level 1 tag=db_inc_bk_200506017 format='e:ora_backup%d%s%p.bak' (database);
release channel d1;} //基于LEVEL 1 备份；

RMAN> run {
allocate channel d1 type disk;
backup tag='BK_TS_TOOLS' FORMAT='E:ORA_BACKUP%d%s%p.bak' tablespace 'TOOLS';
release channel d1;} //备份单个表空间TOOLS；

//备份归档的日志文件后，删除那些已经备份的归档日志文件。(还可以加option 如：delete all input 或，like等)
BACKUP TAG='ARC_LOG04062005' FORMAT='E:ORA_BACKUPARC_LOG04062005.LOG' ARCHIVELOG ALL DELETE INPUT;

6) RMAN基本命令列表：
1. REPORT SCHEMA;
2. LIST COPY(BACKUP) OF TABLESPACE 'TOOLS';
3. VALIDATE BACKUPSET 117; //首先list backup，找到某个backupset，然后进行有效性确认。
4. show default device; show default device type; show channel;
5.
6.
7.
7) backup current controlfile;
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 04/07/2005 10:32:26
ORA-19504: failed to create file "e:ora_backup"
ORA-27038: skgfrcre: file exists
OSD-04010: <create> option specified, file already exists

BACKUP ... PLUS ARCHIVELOG
backup tablespace "TOOLS" plus archivelog DELETE INPUT; //备份表空间和归档的日志文件。
BACKUP DEVICE TYPE sbt DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG; //这里指定设备类型"SBT"

// 在三个地方存有备份。BACKUP COPIES, SET BACKUP COPIES, or CONFIGURE ... BACKUP COPIES
backup copies 3 datafile 9 format 'e:backup_1%n%p%s%c.cpy','e:backup_2%n%p%s%c.cpy','e:backup_3%n%p%s%c.cpy';
//同样可以备份 backupset 。甚至是多个 copies。
BACKUP COPIES 2 DEVICE TYPE sbt BACKUPSET ALL;

8） channel 上的选项：
（rate、maxpiecesize、maxsetsize备份集的最大大小、maxopenfile同时操作的文件数、send，parms ，connect）
CONFIGURE CHANNEL 2 DEVICE TYPE sbt RATE 1M;

level 0 backup和 full backup 的不同之处就在于 full backup不能包括在incremental备份策略中。
（The only difference between a level 0 backup and a full backup is that a full backup is never included in an incremental strategy）

PUT 命令也可以存储OS 文件，例如：参数文件和密码文件 到恢复目录中。
(The PUT command can also store operating system files such as parameter and password files in the recovery catalog)

NOT BACKED UP SINCE

11:19 AM 4/8/2005
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO NONE;
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY CLEAR;
# exempts the backup from retention policy until last day of 2002
BACKUP DATABASE KEEP UNTIL TIME "TO_DATE('31-DEC-2002', 'dd-mon-yyyy')" NOLOGS;

# alters status of backup set 231 from KEEP to NOKEEP
CHANGE BACKUPSET 231 NOKEEP;

# specifies that this backup and the logs required to recover it are indefinitely exempt
# from the retention policy
BACKUP TABLESPACE tbs2 KEEP FOREVER NOLOGS;