git

Table of Contents

1. 平台
2. 搭建GIT服务器
   1. 服务端安装git
   2. 创建管理用户
   3. 创建证书登录
   4. 初始化Git仓库
   5. 禁用shell登录
3. 搭建客户端
   1. windows搭建
4. 问题
   1. pw: user 'username' disappeared during update
   2. refusing to update checked out branch: refs/heads/master

平台

• FreeBSD 12.0 64位

搭建GIT服务器

服务端安装git

cd /usr/ports/devel/git
make install clean

创建管理用户

# adduser
Username: git
Full name: git
Uid (Leave empty for default):
Login group [git]:
Login group is git. Invite git into other groups? []:
Login class [default]:
Shell (sh csh tcsh git-shell nologin) [sh]:
Home directory [/home/git]:
Home directory permissions (Leave empty for default):
Use password-based authentication? [yes]:
Use an empty password? (yes/no) [no]:
Use a random password? (yes/no) [no]:
Enter password:
Enter password again:
Lock out the account after creation? [no]:
Username   : git
Password   : *****
Full Name  : git
Uid        : 1002
Class      :
Groups     : git
Home       : /home/git
Home Mode  :
Shell      : /bin/sh
Locked     : no
OK? (yes/no): yes
adduser: INFO: Successfully added (git) to the user database.
Add another user? (yes/no): no
Goodbye!

创建证书登录

将需要登录git服务器的用户的公钥，以追加的方式写入~/.ssh/authorized_keys

初始化Git仓库

在git家目录创建一个backup.git目录，然后初始化为裸仓库

mkdir backup.git
git init --bare backup.git

禁用shell登录

出于安全考虑，git管理用户不允许登录shell。
编辑/etc/passwd，使git用户可以正常通过ssh使用git，但无法登录shell。

git:*:1003:1003:git:/home/git:/bin/sh

修改为

git:*:1003:1003:git:/home/git:/usr/local/bin/git-shell

搭建客户端

windows搭建

1. 下载Git for Windows
   地址：https://gitforwindows.org/

2. emacs magit

   M-x package-install magit
   

   参考：http://jixiuf.github.io/blog/000100-emacs-magit.html/#sec-5

问题

pw: user 'username' disappeared during update

解决
/usr/sbin/pwd_mkdb -p /etc/master.passwd

refusing to update checked out branch: refs/heads/master

解决
修改.git/config文件，增加

[receive]
    denyCurrentBranch = ignore