3.Android开发笔记:Activity 数据传递

目录

• 1.向下一个Activity传输数据
  • 1.1 传递普通类型数据
  • 1.2 传递对象
• 2.返回数据给上一个Activity

1.向下一个Activity传输数据

1.1 传递普通类型数据

向下一个Activity传输数据：

Intent intent5 = new Intent(FirstActivity.this,SecondActivity.class);
intent5.putExtra("key_ExtData", "Hello，I'm from FirstActivity！！！");
startActivity(intent5);

提取上一个Activity的数据

Intent intent = getIntent();
String data = intent.getStringExtra("key_ExtData");
Log.i("key_ExtData", data);
Toast.makeText(SecondActivity.this, data,Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

1.2 传递对象

比如要传递的数据类型是：类Device， 则该类要继承类Serializable

Device.java

public class Device implements Serializable {

    private String num;
    private String name;

    //get and set
    ......

SecondActivity.java

• 传入对象：intent.putExtra(key,object);
• 获取对象：intent.getSerializableExtra(key);

public class SecondActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String KEY_INTENT_DEVICE ="keyIntent_device";
  
    /**
     * 提供一个静态方法，用于开启该Activity
     * */
    public static void startActivity(Context context, Device device){
        Intent intent = new Intent(context, SecondActivity.class);
        intent.putExtra(KEY_INTENT_DEVICE, device);
        context.startActivity(intent);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        LogUtil.v(TAG, "onCreate");
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_secondactivity );

        Device device = (Device) getIntent().getSerializableExtra(KEY_INTENT_DEVICE);
    }

    ...
}

FirstActivity.java

 Device device = new Device();
 SecondActivity.startActivity(mContext ,device);

2.返回数据给上一个Activity

1. 跳转使用：startActivityForResult()方法接收两个参数，
   第一个参数还是Intent，
   第二个参数是请求码，用于在之后的回调中判断数据的来源。

跳转到SecondActivity，请求码是2

Intent intent6 = new Intent(FirstActivity.this, SecondActivity.class);
intent6.putExtra("key_ExtData", "Hello，I'm from FirstActivity！！！");
startActivityForResult(intent6, 2);//请求码是2

跳转到ThirtActivity,请求码是3

Button button3 = findViewById(R.id.button1_2);
button3.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(FirstActivity.this, ThirtActivity.class);
        intent.putExtra("key_ExtData", "Hello，I'm from FirstActivity！！！");
        startActivityForResult(intent, 3); //请求码是3
    }
});

2. 在下一个Activity中返回数据

   注意：使用setResult(请求码,intent);返回数据

   Intent intent = new Intent();
   intent.putExtra("return_data","MSG: I'm From SeconActivity~!~~~");
   setResult(2,intent); //请求码是2
   finish();
   

   Intent intent  = new Intent();
   intent.putExtra("return_data", "MSG:I'm From 3th Activity！~~~~");
   setResult(3, intent); //请求码是3
   finish();
   

3. 在FirstActivity重写响应事件 onActivityResult

protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
    switch (requestCode) { //请求码
        case 2: { 
            String string = data.getStringExtra("return_data");
            Log.d("onActivityResult", string);

            break;
        }
        case 3: {
            String string = data.getStringExtra("return_data");
            Log.d("onActivityResult", string);

            break;
        }
        default:
            Log.e("onActivityResult", "no such requestCode:" + requestCode);
            break;
    }
}

如果用户在SecondActivity中并不是通过点击按钮，
而是通过按下Back键回到FirstActivity，这样数据不就没法返回了吗？
我们可以通过在SecondActivity中重写onBackPressed()方法来解决这个问题，

public class ThirtActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_thirt);

        Button button  = findViewById(R.id.button3);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                setInfoBack();
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void onBackPressed() {
        setInfoBack();
    }

    private void setInfoBack(){
        Intent intent  = new Intent();
        intent.putExtra("return_data", "MSG:I'm From 3th Activity！~~~~");
        setResult(3, intent);
        finish();
    }
}