Java获得客户端IP的方法
获取网页客户端的IP地址的方法是:request.getRemoteAddr(),这种方法在大部分情况下都是有效的。但是在通过了Apache,Squid等反向代理软件就不能获取到客户端的真实IP地址了;
经过代理以后,由于在客户端和服务之间增加了中间层,因此服务器无法直接拿到客户端的 IP,服务器端应用也无法直接通过转发请求的地址返回给客户端。但是在转发请求的HTTP头信息中,增加了X-FORWARDED-FOR信息。用以跟踪原有的客户端IP地址和原来客户端请求的服务器地址。当我们访问index.jsp/时,其实并不是我们浏览器真正访问到了服务器上的index.jsp文件,而是先由代理服务器去访问index.jsp ,代理服务器再将访问到的结果返回给我们的浏览器,因为是代理服务器去访问index.jsp的,所以index.jsp中通过request.getRemoteAddr()的方法获取的IP实际上是代理服务器的地址,并不是客户端的IP地址。
//获得客户端真实IP地址的方法
public static String getClientIP(HttpServletRequest httpservletrequest) { if (httpservletrequest == null) return null; String s = httpservletrequest.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For"); if (s == null || s.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(s)) s = httpservletrequest.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP"); if (s == null || s.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(s)) s = httpservletrequest.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP"); if (s == null || s.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(s)) s = httpservletrequest.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP"); if (s == null || s.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(s)) s = httpservletrequest.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"); if (s == null || s.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(s)) s = httpservletrequest.getRemoteAddr(); if ("127.0.0.1".equals(s) || "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1".equals(s)) try { s = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress(); } catch (UnknownHostException unknownhostexception) { } return s; }
可是,如果通过了多级反向代理的话,X-Forwarded-For的值并不止一个,而是一串IP值,究竟哪个才是真正的用户端的真实IP呢?
答案是取X-Forwarded-For中第一个非unknown的有效IP字符串。如:
X-Forwarded-For:192.168.1.110, 192.168.1.120, 192.168.1.130, 192.168.1.100
用户真实IP为: 192.168.1.110