python中try,except,finally的执行顺序

def test1():
   try:
      print('to do stuff')
      raise Exception('hehe')
      print('to return in try')
      return 'try'
 except Exception:
      print('process except')
      print('to return in except')
      return 'except'
 finally:
      print('to return in finally')
      return 'finally'

test1Return = test1()
print('test1Return : ' + test1Return)

输出:

to do stuff
process except
to return in except
to return in finally
test1Return : finally

 
在 try 中 raise一个异常,就立刻转入 except 中执行,在except 中遇到 return 时,就强制转到 finally 中执行, 在 finally 中遇到 return 时就返回
def test2():
   try:
      print('to do stuff')
      print('to return in try')
      return 'try'
 except Exception:
      print('process except')
      print('to return in except')
      return 'except'
 finally:
      print('to return in finally')
      return 'finally'

test2Return = test2()
print('test1Return : ' + test2Return)
输出:

to do stuff
to return in try
to return in finally
test2Return : finally

这里在 try 中没有抛出异常,因此不会转到 except 中,但是在try 中遇到return时,也会立即强制转到finally中执行,并在finally中返回

test1和test2得到的结论:

无论是在try还是在except中,遇到return时,只要设定了finally语句,就会中断当前的return语句,跳转到finally中执行,如果finally中遇到return语句,就直接返回,不再跳转回try/excpet中被中断的return语句

def test3():
   i = 0
 try:
      i += 1
 print('i in try : %s'%i)
      raise Exception('hehe')
 except Exception:
      i += 1
 print('i in except : %s'%i)
      return i
      finally:
      i += 1
 print ('i in finally : %s'%i )

print('test3Return : %s'% test3())

输出:

i in try : 1
i in except : 2
i in finally : 3
test3Return : 2

def test4():
   i = 0
 try:
      i += 1
 return i
   finally:
      i += 1
 print ('i in finally : %s'%i )
print('test4Return : %s' % test4())
输出

i in finally : 2
test4Return : 1

test3和test4得到的结论:

在except和try中遇到return时,会锁定return的值,然后跳转到finally中,如果finally中没有return语句,则finally执行完毕之后仍返回原return点,将之前锁定的值返回(即finally中的动作不影响返回值),如果finally中有return语句,则执行finally中的return语句。

def test5():
   for i in range(5):
      try:
         print('do stuff %s'%i)
         raise Exception(i)
      except Exception:
         print('exception %s'%i)
         continue
 finally:
         print('do finally %s'%i)
test5()

输出

do stuff 0
exception 0
do finally 0
do stuff 1
exception 1
do finally 1
do stuff 2
exception 2
do finally 2
do stuff 3
exception 3
do finally 3
do stuff 4
exception 4
do finally 4

test5得到的结论:

在一个循环中,最终要跳出循环之前,会先转到finally执行,执行完毕之后才开始下一轮循环

posted @ 2018-07-17 21:22  dwenwen  阅读(513)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报