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2.2.3 核心模块--理解.NetCore Configuration 配置管理

官方文档:https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/aspnet/core/fundamentals/configuration/?view=aspnetcore-5.0

一、IConfiguration 的使用

1.1基本使用

appsettings.json

{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft": "Warning",
      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
    }
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*"
}

新增 ConfigController.cs

namespace HelloApi.Controllers
{
    [ApiController]
    [Route("[controller]")]
    public class ConfigController : Controller
    {
        private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;

        public ConfigController(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            _configuration = configuration;
        }

        [HttpGet]
        public IActionResult GetConfigurations()
        {
            var result = new List<string>();

            foreach (var key in _configuration.AsEnumerable())
            {
                result.Add($"Key: {key.Key}, value: {key.Value}");
            }

            return Ok(result);
        }
    }
}

启动程序,访问:https://localhost:5001/config

不仅得到 appsettings.json 的配置, 还可以得到环境变量配置

可以在 ConfigureAppConfiguration 中清除所有配置,再添加自己需要的配置,后面添加的配置会覆盖前面的配置

.ConfigureAppConfiguration((hostingContext, config) =>
{
    config.Sources.Clear();

    var env = hostingContext.HostingEnvironment;

    config.AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true)
        .AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env.EnvironmentName}.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true);
})

启动程序,访问:https://localhost:5001/config

这样可以得到自己添加的配置

1.2层级对象配置到 key-value 键值对转换

appsettings.json文件

{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft": "Warning",
      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
    }
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*"
}

通过冒号读取下一级配置(Windows),Linux 上通过下划线。

[HttpGet]
public IActionResult GetConfigurations()
{
    var result = new List<string>();

    //foreach (var key in _configuration.AsEnumerable())
    //{
    //    result.Add($"Key: {key.Key}, value: {key.Value}");
    //}

    return Content(string.Format("Default Log Level: {0}", _configuration["Logging:LogLevel:Default"]));
}

启动程序,输出如下:

Default Log Level: Debug

1.3通过环境变量修改日志级别

在 launcSettings.json 中添加 Trace 日志级别

"environmentVariables": {
        "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development",
        "Logging__LogLevel__Default": "Trace"
      }

在 CreateHostBuilder 的时候添加环境变量配置

config.AddEnvironmentVariables();

启动程序,输出如下:

Default Log Level: Trace

1.4通过命令行修改日志级别

CreateHostBuilder

config.AddCommandLine(source =>
{
    source.Args = args;
});

在命令行中设置

set Logging__LogLevel__Default=Warning

二、Options

2.1通过 ConfigurationBinder 操作 Options

 新建 MyOption.cs

namespace HelloApi
{
    public class MyOption
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }

        public int Age { get; set; }
    }
}

在 appsettings.json 中新增一个节点

"MyOption": {
    "Name": "Mingson",
    "Age": 25 
  },

在 ConfigureServices 中绑定

var myOption = new MyOption();
Configuration.GetSection("MyOption").Bind(myOption);
// 单例注入到全局中
services.AddSingleton(myOption);

在 ConfigController 中注入,与获取

private readonly MyOption _myOption;

public ConfigController(IConfiguration configuration, MyOption myOption)
{
    _configuration = configuration;
    _myOption = myOption;
}

[HttpGet("option")]
public IActionResult GetOption()
{
    return Ok(_myOption);
}

通过 Get 的方式

myOption = Configuration.GetSection("MyOption").Get<MyOption>();

2.2通过 Configure 绑定 Option

  • IOptions 被注册为 singletone,不支持为可命名的配置
  • IOptionsSnapshot 被注册为 scoped,支持为可命名的配置
  • IOptionsMonitor 被注册为 singletone,会被通知,支持重载配置,支持为可命名的配置

IOptions

// 直接注入到容器中
services.Configure<MyOption>(Configuration.GetSection("MyOption"));

通过 IOptions 注入

public ConfigController(IConfiguration configuration, IOptions<MyOption> myOption)
{
    _configuration = configuration;
    _myOption = myOption.Value;
}

IOptionsSnapshot

public ConfigController(IConfiguration configuration, IOptionsSnapshot<MyOption> myOption)
{
    _configuration = configuration;
    _myOption = myOption.Value;
}

启动程序,修改配置,刷新浏览器,可以获取到修改后的配置

IOptionsMonitor

public ConfigController(IConfiguration configuration, IOptionsMonitor<MyOption> myOption)
{
    _configuration = configuration;
    _myOption = myOption.CurrentValue;

    // 配置变化处理
    myOption.OnChange(option =>
    {

    });
}

posted @ 2021-10-11 09:39  风筝遇上风  阅读(235)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报