解决超长内容加密失败解决方案
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<h1 class="post-title entry-title">java rsa 解密 報:javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException: Data must not be longer than 117 bytes</h1>
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Exception in thread "main" javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException: Data must not be longer than 117 bytes
at com.sun.crypto.provider.RSACipher.doFinal(RSACipher.java:344)
at com.sun.crypto.provider.RSACipher.engineDoFinal(RSACipher.java:389)
at javax.crypto.Cipher.doFinal(Cipher.java:2165)
at com.asymmetric.rsa.TestRSA.testDecrypt(TestRSA.java:82)
at com.asymmetric.rsa.TestRSA.main(TestRSA.java:33)
異常解釋
加密塊大小錯誤,rsa 加密 塊大小為117 ,解密塊大小為128 ,和公鑰加密或者私鑰加密無關,
測試程式碼如下:
package com.asymmetric.rsa;import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;public class TestRSA {
public static String publicKey = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDQgEoj3z9JrdPNI23DbMQkl3gkGuDke7iBr5yrYyqolkTyxuBLWFwHNuGv4VKOj9fXg61QxpaJ/fxDBvMvmkBSRowHBloGFceVTx8wV/8u0DcjvTCu0IZ1zp6wjG6xBn5j66Sg/q+9hvaY2p7fkKmsvcW6VoNPgQHU1Cf01DLZmQIDAQAB+oXcINOiE3AsuZ4VJmwNZg9Y/7fY+OFRS2JAh5YMsrv2qyoGP+Z9ksre26NYR+Lt91B2lhdwJHLpQpziaANZm/ONb31fj/lwIDAQAB";
public static String privateKey = "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";
private static String algorithm = "RSA"; //$NON-NLS-1$
private static String data = "這是一個test"; //$NON-NLS-1$
public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, InvalidKeyException {
byte[] test = testEncrypt(privateKey,data);
String testDecrypt = testDecrypt(publicKey, test);
System.out.println(testDecrypt);
}
/**
* 加密
* @param key
* @param data
* @return
* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
* @throws InvalidKeySpecException
* @throws NoSuchPaddingException
* @throws IllegalBlockSizeException
* @throws BadPaddingException
* @throws InvalidKeyException
*/
public static byte[] testEncrypt(String key,String data) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, InvalidKeyException{
byte[] decode = Base64.getDecoder().decode(key);
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8EncodedKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decode);
KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance(algorithm);
PrivateKey generatePrivate = kf.generatePrivate(pkcs8EncodedKeySpec);
Cipher ci = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm);
ci.init(1, generatePrivate);
byte[] doFinal = ci.doFinal(data.getBytes());
// return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(doFinal);
return doFinal;
}
/**
* 解密
* @param key
* @param data
* @return
* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
* @throws InvalidKeyException
* @throws NoSuchPaddingException
* @throws InvalidKeySpecException
* @throws BadPaddingException
* @throws IllegalBlockSizeException
*/
public static String testDecrypt(String key,byte[] data) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidKeySpecException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException{
byte[] decode = Base64.getDecoder().decode(key);
// PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8EncodedKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decode); //java底層 RSA公鑰只支援X509EncodedKeySpec這種格式
X509EncodedKeySpec x509EncodedKeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(decode);
KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance(algorithm);
PublicKey generatePublic = kf.generatePublic(x509EncodedKeySpec);
Cipher ci = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm);
ci.init(1,generatePublic);
// byte[] doFinal = ci.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(data));
byte[] doFinal = ci.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(data));
return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(doFinal);
}
}
問題點:
後來發現是解密的時候.cipher.init(1,generatePublic) cipher 模式填錯了,1就代表是加密模式,2是解密模式
將解密方法裡的cipher初始化改為 cipher.init(2,generatePublic) 即可
後來看到這個異常用大量資料去測試,也報這個異常,說明rsa加密必須對加密資料進行分組加密
查api指出:IllegalBlockSizeException - 如果此 Cipher 為 Cipher 塊,未請求任何填充(只針對加密模式),並且由此 Cipher 處理的資料總輸入長度不是塊大小的倍數;如果此加密演算法無法處理所提供的輸入資料。
修正後的程式碼:
public static String publicKey = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDQgEoj3z9JrdPNI23DbMQkl3gkGuDke7iBr5yrYyqolkTyxuBLWFwHNuGv4VKOj9fXg61QxpaJ/fxDBvMvmkBSRowHBloGFceVTx8wV/8u0DcjvTCu0IZ1zp6wjG6xBn5j66Sg/q+9hvaY2p7fkKmsvcW6VoNPgQHU1Cf01DLZmQIDAQAB+oXcINOiE3AsuZ4VJmwNZg9Y/7fY+OFRS2JAh5YMsrv2qyoGP+Z9ksre26NYR+Lt91B2lhdwJHLpQpziaANZm/ONb31fj/lwIDAQAB";
public static String privateKey = "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";
private static String algorithm = "RSA"; //$NON-NLS-1$
private static final int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117;
private static final int MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK = 128;
private static String data = "test jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihgtest jiojiogeiojigouihg"; //$NON-NLS-1$
public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, IOException {
String test = testEncrypt(privateKey,data);
String testDecrypt = testDecrypt(publicKey, test);
System.out.println(testDecrypt);
}
/**
* 加密
* @param key
* @param data
* @return
* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
* @throws InvalidKeySpecException
* @throws NoSuchPaddingException
* @throws IllegalBlockSizeException
* @throws BadPaddingException
* @throws InvalidKeyException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String testEncrypt(String key,String data) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, IOException{
byte[] decode = Base64.getDecoder().decode(key);
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8EncodedKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decode);
KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance(algorithm);
PrivateKey generatePrivate = kf.generatePrivate(pkcs8EncodedKeySpec);
Cipher ci = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm);
ci.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, generatePrivate);
byte[] bytes = data.getBytes();
int inputLen = bytes.length;
int offLen = 0;//偏移量
int i = 0;
ByteArrayOutputStream bops = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
while(inputLen - offLen > 0){
byte [] cache;
if(inputLen - offLen > 117){
cache = ci.doFinal(bytes, offLen,117);
}else{
cache = ci.doFinal(bytes, offLen,inputLen - offLen);
}
bops.write(cache);
i++;
offLen = 117 * i;
}
bops.close();
byte[] encryptedData = bops.toByteArray();
String encodeToString = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encryptedData);
return encodeToString;
}
/**
* 解密
* @param key
* @param data
* @return
* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
* @throws InvalidKeyException
* @throws NoSuchPaddingException
* @throws InvalidKeySpecException
* @throws BadPaddingException
* @throws IllegalBlockSizeException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String testDecrypt(String key,String data) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidKeySpecException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, IOException{
byte[] decode = Base64.getDecoder().decode(key);
byte[] bytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(data);
int inputLen = bytes.length;
int offLen = 0;
int i = 0;
ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
while(inputLen - offLen > 0){
byte[] cache;
if(inputLen - offLen > 128){
cache = ci.doFinal(bytes,offLen,128);
}else{
cache = ci.doFinal(bytes,offLen,inputLen - offLen);
}
byteArrayOutputStream.write(cache);
i++;
offLen = 128 * i;
}
byteArrayOutputStream.close();
byte[] byteArray = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();
return new String(byteArray);
}
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