Linux系统运行netstat命令时的过三关斩一将
1.简介
这篇文章主要是记录在日常工作中遇到的一些问题,将其都总结整合到一起,方便查看,提高工作效率。小伙伴们看到标题可能觉得奇怪,不是过五关斩六将而是过三关斩一将。慢慢地往后看发现其中奥秘。
2.过三关斩一将
2.1第一关(没有这个命令)
宏哥在Linux上运行netstat时,提示没有这个命令,如下图所示:
[admin@jumpclient1 ~]$ netstat -nap | grep 10493 -bash: netstat: command not found [admin@jumpclient1 ~]$
2.2斩杀第一将(没有这个命令)
宏哥向来简单粗暴,直接yum -y install netstat。斩杀第一将,结果宏哥大意了,出现了第二关:不能正常安装。
2.3第二关(不能正常安装)
宏哥在运行yum -y install netstat ,不能正常安装。如下图所示:
[admin@oftp202 ~]$ sudo yum install netstat [sudo] password for admin: Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn * extras: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn * updates: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 (1/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00:00 (2/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 236 kB 00:00:00 (3/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.1 MB 00:00:12 (4/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 8.0 MB 00:00:16 No package netstat available. Error: Nothing to do
2.3.斩杀第二将(不能正常安装)
其实,第二关就是因为没有可以用的netstat的安装包,所以不能正常安装。此时可以使用“yum search”来查询这个命令在哪个包中,就可以轻轻松松的斩杀第二将。如下图所示:
[admin@oftp202 ~]$ yum search netstat Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors * base: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com ====================================================================== Matched: netstat ======================================================================= dstat.noarch : Versatile resource statistics tool net-snmp.x86_64 : A collection of SNMP protocol tools and libraries net-tools.x86_64 : Basic networking tools #这里已经给出了netstat命令所在包
接着直接安装这个包即可:yum -y install net-tools,就遇到了第三关:需要root执行权限执行。如下图所示:
[admin@oftp202 ~]$ yum -y install net-tools Loaded plugins: fastestmirror You need to be root to perform this command.
2.4斩杀第三将(需要root执行)
需要root权限执行,那我们就用root的权限执行就可以了,如下图所示:
[admin@oftp202 ~]$ sudo yum -y install net-tools Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn * extras: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn * updates: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =============================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =============================================================================================================================================================== Installing: net-tools x86_64 2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 base 306 k Transaction Summary =============================================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package Total download size: 306 k Installed size: 917 k Downloading packages: net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm | 306 kB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 1/1 Installed: net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 Complete!
到此,就完成了过三关斩一将(前边的两个直接被干死)。重试命令。
3.重试命令
重试命令:netstat -nap | grep 10493 ,如下图所示:
[admin@oftp202 ~]$ netstat -nap | grep 10493 (No info could be read for "-p": geteuid()=1000 but you should be root.)
提示还是需要root的权限执行,使用root权限执行,如下图所示:
[admin@oftp201 ~]$ sudo netstat -nap | grep 30542 tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:56368 127.0.0.1:9090 ESTABLISHED 30542/./cea_webFron tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:56366 127.0.0.1:9090 ESTABLISHED 30542/./cea_webFron tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 30542/./cea_webFron tcp6 0 0 10.11.55.173:8080 10.11.55.121:40902 ESTABLISHED 30542/./cea_webFron tcp6 0 0 10.11.55.173:8080 10.11.55.121:40900 ESTABLISHED 30542/./cea_webFron tcp6 0 0 10.11.55.173:8080 10.11.55.121:38702 ESTABLISHED 30542/./cea_webFron tcp6 0 0 10.11.55.173:8080 10.11.55.121:38708 ESTABLISHED 30542/./cea_webFron tcp6 0 0 10.11.55.173:8080 10.11.55.121:40904 ESTABLISHED 30542/./cea_webFron tcp6 0 0 10.11.55.173:8080 10.11.55.121:40906 ESTABLISHED 30542/./cea_webFron
4.小结
4.1斩杀第二将的另一种方法(使用yum whatprovides)
查找安装包,还可以使用yum whatprovides,如下图所示:
[admin@oftp202 ~]$ yum whatprovides *netstat Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com base/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 7.2 MB 00:00:10 extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 231 kB 00:00:00 updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 4.7 MB 00:00:05 1:net-snmp-utils-5.7.2-49.el7.x86_64 : Network management utilities using SNMP, from the NET-SNMP project Repo : base Matched from: Filename : /usr/bin/snmpnetstat 1:net-snmp-utils-5.7.2-49.el7_9.1.x86_64 : Network management utilities using SNMP, from the NET-SNMP project Repo : updates Matched from: Filename : /usr/bin/snmpnetstat net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 : Basic networking tools Repo : base Matched from: Filename : /bin/netstat zsh-5.0.2-34.el7_8.2.x86_64 : Powerful interactive shell Repo : base Matched from: Filename : /usr/share/zsh/5.0.2/functions/_netstat net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 : Basic networking tools Repo : @base Matched from: Filename : /bin/netstat
好了今天主要是介绍一下,如何使用netstat命令根据进程号,来查看这个进程占用那些端口,以避免你在使用端口时出现端口占用的情况。
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