R 常用基本函数
R 常用的数字、矩阵和数列的处理函数
数值篇
mean() #均值
colMeans() #对列求均值
sum() #求和
max() #最大值
min() #最小值
prod() #连乘
var() #方差
sd() #标准差
seq() #产生序列 seq(1,100,by=2) 产生1到100，公差为2的数列；seq(1,100,length=25)产生1到100，数字个数为25的数列.
letters[m:n] #依次输出第m到n个英文小写字母
LETTERS[m:n] #依次输出第m到n个英文大写字母
which() #返回符合条件的的坐标 which.max() 返回最大值坐标，which.min()返回最小值坐标
rev() #反序输出数列
sort() #对象量进行排序
intersect() #交集
union() #并集
setdiff() #找不同
setequal() #判断相同
矩阵篇
is.matrix() #判断是否是矩阵 矩阵也是数组的特殊形式，可以看做二维的数组
matrix(a,nrow=m,ncol=n) #新建m行n列矩阵，默认按列排序，按行加参数byrow = T
t() #矩阵转置
diag() #返回矩阵对角线（输入为矩阵时）或产生阶数为数值的单位矩阵
solve() #矩阵求逆(输入矩阵时)； solve(a,c) 求 a·x = c， a矩阵乘以x等于c矩阵，求x
eigen() #求矩阵的特征值
向量
is.vector() #判断是否为向量
数组
is.array() #判断是否为数组
mode() # 判断
数据框
data.frame() #矩阵形式，但列可以不同数据类型
plot() # 绘出图形
排列组合
choose(n,k) # 从n个中选出k个的可能组合个数
combn(n,k) # 从n个中选出k个的组合结果
factorial(k) # k的阶乘
未整理
!!! reference: https://statisticsglobe.com/r-functions-list/
abline – Add straight lines to plot.
abs – Compute the absolute value of a numeric data object.
aggregate – Compute summary statistics of subgroups of a data set.
all – Check whether all values of a logical vector are TRUE.
all_equal [dplyr] – Compare two data frames.
anti_join [dplyr] – Anti join two data frames.
any – Check whether any values of a logical vector are TRUE.
apply – Apply function by rows or columns of a data frame.
apropos – Return character vector with names of objects that contain the input.
arrange [dplyr] – Order data frames and tibbles.
attach – Give access to variables of a data.frame.
attr – Return or set a specific attribute of a data object.
attributes – Return or set all attributes of a data object.
as.Date – Convert character strings to Date class.
as.double – Convert integer to double class.
as.factor – Convert a data object to the class factor.
as.name – Convert character string to name class object.
as.numeric – Convert a data object to the class numeric.
as.tbl [dplyr] – Convert data.frame to tibble.
axis – Create user-defined axis ticks.
barplot – Create a barplot.
beep [beepr] – Play sound at the end of an R script.
between [dplyr] – Test whether a numeric value falls into a specified range.
bind_cols [dplyr] – Bind columns and vectors.
bind_rows [dplyr] – Bind rows of data sets.
boxplot – Create a boxplot.
break – Break for-loop in R.
call – Create objects of the class call.
case_when [dplyr] – Distinguish between cases based on logical conditions.
casefold – Translate character to lower or upper case.
cases [memisc] – Distinguish between cases based on logical conditions.
cat – Return character string in readable format.
cbind – Combine vectors, matrices and/or data frames by column.
ceiling – Round numeric up to the next higher integer.
charmatch – Return position of first match between two data objects.
chartr – Translate characters of string to lower and/or upper case.
coalesce [dplyr] – Replace missing values.
colMeans – Compute the mean of each column of a numeric data frame, matrix or array.
colMedians [robustbase] – Compute the median of each column of a numeric matrix.
colnames – Retrieve or set the column names of a data frame or matrix.
colSums – Compute the sum of each column of a numeric data frame, matrix or array.
combn [combinat] – Generate all possible combinations of vector object.
combine [dplyr] – Combine values.
complete.cases – Return a logical vector that indicates which cases have no missing values.
cumall [dplyr] – Apply cumulative version of all Function.
cumany [dplyr] – Apply cumulative version of any Function.
cume_dist [dplyr] – Rank a vector.
cummean [dplyr] – Apply cumulative version of mean Function.
cumsum – Calculate the cumulative sum of the elements of a numeric vector.
cut – Convert numeric values into factorial ranges.
dbeta – Return corresponding value of beta density.
dbern – Return corresponding value of bernoulli PDF.
dbinom – Return corresponding value of binomial density.
dcauchy – Return corresponding value of cauchy density.
dchisq – Return corresponding value of chi-square PDF.
dense_rank [dplyr] – Rank a vector.
density – Draw Kernel Density Plot.
deparse – Convert an expression to the character class.
detach – Remove the attachment of a data.frame or unload a package.
dexp – Return corresponding value of exponential density.
df – Return corresponding value of F PDF.
dgamma – Return corresponding value of gamma density.
dgeom – Return corresponding value of geometric PDF.
dhyper – Return corresponding value of hypergeometric PDF.
diff – Compute difference between pairs of consecutive elements of a vector.
difftime – Calculate the time difference of two date or time objects.
dim – Return the dimension (e.g. the number of columns and rows) of a matrix, array or data frame.
dir – Return a character vector of file and/or folder names within a directory.
dist – Compute distance matrices.
distCosine [geosphere] – Calculate the Law of Cosines great circle distance.
distHaversine [geosphere] – Calculate the Haversine great circle distance.
distinct [dplyr] – Retain only unique rows of data set.
distMeeus [geosphere] – Calculate the Meeus great circle distance.
distRhumb [geosphere] – Calculate a distance along a rhumb line.
distVincentySphere [geosphere] – Calculate the Vincenty Sphere great circle distance.
distVincentyEllipsoid [geosphere] – Calculate the Vincenty Ellipsoid great circle distance.
dlnorm – Return corresponding value of log normal PDF.
dlogis – Return corresponding value of logistic PDF.
dnbinom – Return corresponding value of negative binomial density.
dnorm – Create standard normal distribution.
do.call – Execute function by its name and a list of corresponding arguments.
download.file – Download file from internet.
dpois – Return value of poisson density.
droplevels – Remove unused levels of a factor.
dsignrank – Return corresponding PDF value of wilcoxon signedank statistic.
dt – Return corresponding value of Student t PDF.
dtukey – Return corresponding value of studentized range PDF.
dunif – Return corresponding value of uniform PDF.
dweibull – Return corresponding value of weibull density.
dwilcox – Return corresponding PDF value of wilcoxon rank sum statistic.
ecdf – Compute the Empirical Cumulative Distribution Function (ECDF).
eval – Evaluate an expression and return the result.
exists – Check whether an object is defined in the R environment.
expression – Create an R object of the expression class.
filter [dplyr] – Subset rows by logical condition.
find – Return location where objects of a given name can be found.
first [dplyr] – Extract first value from vector.
floor – Round numeric down to the next lower integer.
format – Encode data objects into common formats.
full_join [dplyr] – Full join two data frames.
gather [tidyr] – Reshape data frame from wide to long format in R.
geom_bar – Create a barplot.
geom_boxplot [ggplot2] – Create a boxplot.
geom_histogram [ggplot2] – Draw a histogram.
geom_line [ggplot2] – Draw a line graph.
geometric.mean [psych] – Compute the geometric mean.
get – Search and call a data object.
get0 – Call an existing data object or return an alternative value.
getwd – Return filepath of the current working directory.
ggpairs [GGally] – Return a matrix of plots based on a given data set.
gregexpr – Search for match of certain character pattern.
grep – Search for match of certain character pattern and return indices.
grepl – Search for match of certain character pattern and return logical.
gsub – Replace all matches in character string.
harmonic.mean [psych] – Compute the harmonic mean.
heatmap – Create heatmap in Base R.
hist – Create histogram.
if_else [dplyr] – Conditionally select an element.
ifelse – Select elements conditionally.
inner_join [dplyr] – Inner join two data frames.
integrate – Integrate a user-defined function.
IQR – Compute the Interquartile Range.
is.double – Test whether a data object has the double class.
is.na – Return a logical vector or matrix indicating which elements are missing.
is.name – Test whether a data object has the class name.
is.nan – Return a logical vector or matrix indicating which elements are not a number.
is.null – Return a logical value indicating whether a data object is of the data class NULL.
is.tbl [dplyr] – Check if data object is a tibble.
is.unsorted – Check whether an input is unsorted.
jitter – Add noise to a numeric vector.
julian – Return the number of days between two date objects.
lag [dplyr] – Lag a vector.
lapply – Apply function to all list elements.
last [dplyr] – Extract last value from vector.
layout – Specify complex plot arrangements.
lead [dplyr] – Lead a vector.
left_join [dplyr] – Left join two data frames.
length – Return the length of data objects such as vectors or lists.
libPath – Get or set directory path of installed packages.
list.dirs – Obtain list of directories.
list.files – List files with specific extension in working directory.
load – Load RData workspace file into R.
log – Compute logarithms of numeric values.
log2 – Compute logarithms of numeric values with base of 2.
log10 – Compute logarithms of numeric values with base of 10.
lowess – Compute the lowess smoother.
mapply – Apply function to multiple data groups.
match – Return position of first match between two data objects.
max – Compute the maximum value of a vector or column.
mad – Compute the median absolute deviation.
mean – Compute the arithmetic mean.
median – Compute the median.
melt [reshape2] – Reshape data frame from wide to long format in R.
merge – Merge data frames.
message – Generate diagnostic message.
mget – Search and call several data objects.
min – Compute the minimum value of a vector or column.
min_rank [dplyr] – Rank a vector.
Mode [DescTools] – Compute the mode.
months – Return the corresponding month of a date.
mutate [dplyr] – Add new variable to data set.
n.readLines [reader] – Skip ahead in a file and read text lines.
na.omit – Remove incomplete cases of a data object.
na_if [dplyr] – Replace NA values.
names – Return or set the names of a data object.
nchar – Return the number of elements (e.g. letters) of a character object.
ncol – Return the number of columns of a matrix or data frame.
near [dplyr] – Compare numeric vectors.
next – Skip certain parts of for-loop in R.
nrow – Return the number of rows of a matrix or data frame.
nth [dplyr] – Extract certain values from vector.
ntile [dplyr] – Rank a vector.
object.size – Report the space allocated for an object.
optim – Apply general-purpose optimization.
optimize – Perform one dimensional optimization.
order – Return position of each input element in ascending or descending order.
outer – Apply a function to two arrays.
packageVersion – Find out the currently loaded version of an R package.
pairs – Return a plot matrix consisting of scatterplots for each variable-combination of a data frame.
par – Set or Query graphical parameters.
parse – Convert a character to the expression class.
paste – Concatenate inputs to string.
paste0 – Concatenate inputs to string with given separator.
pbern – Return corresponding value of bernoulli CDF.
pbeta – Return corresponding value of beta cumulative distribution function.
pbinom – Return corresponding value of binomial cumulative distribution function.
pcauchy – Return corresponding value of cauchy cumulative distribution function.
pchisq – Return corresponding value of chi-square CDF.
percent [formattable] – Format number as percentage.
percent [scales] – Format number as percentage.
percent_rank [dplyr] – Rank a vector.
permn [combinat] – Generate all possible permutatins of vector object.
pexp – Return corresponding value of exponential cumulative distribution function.
pf – Return corresponding value of F CDF.
pgamma – Return corresponding value of gamma cumulative distribution function.
pgeom – Return corresponding value of geometric CDF.
phyper – Return corresponding value of hypergeometric CDF.
pivot_longer [tidyr] – Reshape data from wide to long format.
pivot_wider [tidyr] – Reshape data from long to wide format.
plnorm – Return corresponding value of log normal CDF.
plogis – Return corresponding value of logistic CDF.
plot – Draw a scatterplot or density plot.
pmatch – Return position of first match between two data objects.
pmax – Return the parallel maxima of two or more vectors.
pmin – Return the parallel minima of two or more vectors.
pnbinom – Return corresponding value of negative binomial cumulative distribution function.
pnorm – Return value of distribution function.
polygon – Draw a polygon to a plot.
ppois – Return value of poisson cumulative distribution function.
pretty – Compute a sequence of equally spaced round values.
print – Return data object to the R (or RStudio) console.
psignrank – Return corresponding CDF value of wilcoxon signedank statistic.
pt – Return corresponding value of Student t CDF.
ptukey – Return corresponding value of studentized range CDF.
pull [dplyr] – Extract columns of data frame or tibble.
punif – Return corresponding value of uniform CDF.
pweibull – Return corresponding value of weibull CDF.
pwilcox – Return corresponding CDF value of wilcoxon rank sum statistic.
qbern – Return corresponding value of bernoulli quantile function.
qbeta – Return corresponding value of beta quantile function.
qbinom – Return corresponding value of binomial quantile function.
qcauchy – Return corresponding value of cauchy quantile function.
qchisq – Return corresponding value of chi-square quantile function.
qexp – Return corresponding value of exponential quantile function.
qf – Return corresponding value of F quantile function.
qgamma – Return corresponding value of gamma quantile function.
qgeom – Return corresponding value of geometric quantile function.
qhyper – Return corresponding value of hypergeometric quantile function.
qlnorm – Return corresponding value of log normal quantile function.
qlogis – Return corresponding value of logistic quantile function.
qnbinom – Return corresponding value of negative binomial quantile function.
qnorm – Return value of quantile function.
qpois – Return value of poisson quantile function.
qqnorm – Create a normal QQplot.
qsignrank – Return corresponding quantile function value of wilcoxon signedank statistic.
qt – Return corresponding value of Student t quantile function.
qtukey – Return corresponding value of studentized range quantile function.
quantile – Compute sample quantiles.
quarters – Return the corresponding quarter of a date.
qunif – Return corresponding value of uniform quantile function.
qweibull – Return corresponding value of weibull quantile function.
qwilcox – Return corresponding quantile function value of wilcoxon rank sum statistic.
R.Version – Get current R version.
rank – Return ranking position of input.
rbern – Return bernoulli distributed random number.
rbeta – Draw random number from beta density.
rbind – Combine vectors, matrices and/or data frames by row.
rbind.fill [plyr] – Row-bind matrices or data frames with different columns.
rbinom – Draw random number from binomial density.
rcauchy – Draw random number from cauchy density.
rchisq – Return chi-square distributed random number.
read_excel [readxl Package] – Read Excel File in R.
read.xlsx [xlsx Package] – Read Excel File in R.
read.xlsx [openxlsx Package] – Read Excel File in R.
readline – Interactively read a line from the terminal.
readLines – Read text lines from an input file.
readRDS – Load RData workspace file into R.
recode [dplyr] – Replace certain values of a vector.
recode_factor [dplyr] – Replace certain values of a factor vector.
regexpr – Search for match of certain character pattern.
regexec – Search for match of certain character pattern.
remove – Clear specific data object from R workspace.
rename [dplyr] – Rename variables of data frame or tibble.
rm – Clear specific data object from R workspace.
rep – Replicate elements of vectors and lists.
replace – Exchanges values in data object.
return – Return output of user-defined R function.
rev – Return a reversed version of vectors or other data objects.
rexp – Draw random number from exponential density.
rf – Return F distributed random number.
rgamma – Draw random number from gamma density.
rgeom – Return geometrically distributed random number.
rhyper – Return hypergeometrically distributed random number.
right_join [dplyr] – Right join two data frames.
rlnorm – Return log normally distributed random number.
rlogis – Return logistically distributed random number.
rnbinom – Draw random number from negative binomial density.
rnorm – Draw normally distributed random number.
rollmean [zoo] – Calculate moving average.
rollmax [zoo] – Calculate moving maximum.
rollmedian [zoo] – Calculate moving median.
rollsum [zoo] – Calculate moving sum.
round – Round numeric to specified number of decimal places.
row_number [dplyr] – Rank a vector.
row.names – Get or set row names of data frame or matrix.
rowMeans – Compute the mean of each row of a numeric data frame, matrix or array.
rowMedians [robustbase] – Compute the median of each row of a numeric matrix.
rowSums – Compute the sum of each row of a numeric data frame, matrix or array.
rpois – Draw random value of poisson density.
rsignrank – Return random number according to wilcoxon signedank statistic.
rt – Return Student t distributed random number.
rtukey – Return studentized range distributed random number.
runif – Return uniformly distributed random number.
rweibull – Draw random value of weibull density.
rwilcox – Return random number according to wilcoxon rank sum statistic.
sample – Take a random sample or permutation of a data object.
sample_frac [dplyr] – Take a sample of a certain fraction of a data set.
sample_n [dplyr] – Take a sample of N cases of a data set.
sapply – Apply function to all list elements and convert output to vector.
save – Save R data objects as RData workspace file.
save.image – Save global R environment as RData workspace file.
saveRDS – Save single R data object as RData workspace file.
scale – Standardize data.
scale_colour_brewer [ggplot2] – Change color palette in ggplot2 plot.
scale_fill_brewer [ggplot2] – Change palette of filling colors in ggplot2 plot.
scan – Read data into vector or list from file or R console.
sd – Compute standard deviation.
segments – Draw a line segment between two pairs of points.
select [dplyr] – Select variables of data frame or tibble.
semi_join [dplyr] – Semi join two data frames.
seq – Generate sequence of numeric values.
set.seed – Set a random seed.
setdiff – Identify which elements of a data object X are not existent in a data object Y.
setNames [stats] – Set names of a data object and return the object.
setnames [data.table] – Change names of a data.frame or data.table by reference.
setwd – Specify new working directory.
shapiro.test – Perform Shapiro-Wilk normality test.
sign – Return the signs of numeric elements.
signif – Round numeric to specified number of digits.
sink – Export R output to external file.
slice [dplyr] – Extract certain rows of data set.
solve – Solve system of equations.
sort – Return input in ascending or descending order.
sort.int – Return input in ascending or descending order.
sort.list – Return position of each element of a single input.
split – Divide data into groups.
sprintf – Return character containing a formatted combination of input values.
sqrt – Compute the square root of a numeric data object.
stat_qq_line [ggplot2] – Add theoretical line to QQplot.
std.error [plotrix] – Compute standard error in R.
stop – Generate error message and stop executing the current R code.
str_c [stringr] – Combine several inputs into a single character vector.
str_count [stringr] – Count number of matches in a character string.
str_detect [stringr] – Detect presence or absence of pattern in character string.
str_dup [stringr] – Duplicate and concatenate strings within a character vector.
str_ends [stringr] – Detect the presence or absence of a pattern at the end of a character string.
str_extract [stringr] – Extract matching patterns from character string .
str_flatten [stringr] – Flatten a character string.
str_length [stringr] – Return the length of a string.
str_locate [stringr] – Locate the first position of patterns in a character string.
str_locate_all [stringr] – Locate the position of patterns in a character string.
str_match [stringr] – Extract first matched groups from a string.
str_match_all [stringr] – Extract matched groups from a string.
str_order [stringr] – Order a vector of character strings.
str_remove [stringr] – Remove first matched patterns in a character string.
str_remove_all [stringr] – Remove all matched patterns in a character string.
str_replace [stringr] – Replace first matched patterns in character strings.
str_replace_all [stringr] – Replace all matched patterns in character strings.
str_replace_na [stringr] – Replace NA values in a character string.
str_sort [stringr] – Sort a vector of character strings.
str_split [stringr] – Split up a string into pieces.
str_split_fixed [stringr] – Split up a string into a fixed amount of pieces.
str_starts [stringr] – Detect the presence or absence of a pattern at the beginning of a character string.
str_sub [stringr] – Extract or replace substring from character string.
str_subset [stringr] – Extract character strings matching a pattern.
str_trim [stringr] – Trim whitespace from a character string.
str_trunc [stringr] – Truncate character strings.
str_which [stringr] – Identify positions in a character string matching a pattern.
str_wrap [stringr] – Wrap a character string into nicely formatted paragraphs.
strftime – Convert time objects to characters.
strptime – Convert characters to time objects.
strsplit – Split elements of a character string.
structure – Set additional attributes of a data object.
sub – Replace first match in character string.
substr – Extract or replace a substring in a character vector.
substring – Extract or replace a substring in a character vector.
sum – Compute the sum of a numeric input vector.
summary – Compute summary statistics of data and model objects.
sweep – Apply an operation (e.g. + or -) to a matrix by row or column.
switch – Run a specific code block and return its result.
t – Transpose data frame.
tapply – Apply function to multiple data groups.
text – Draw text elements to plots.
tolower – Translate character to lower case.
top_frac [dplyr] – Extract certain fraction at the top of data.
top_n [dplyr] – Extract first n rows of data.
toupper – Translate character to upper case.
transform – Modify data frames easily.
transmute [dplyr] – Create new variable based on data set.
trimws – Trim Leading and Trailing Whitespace.
trunc – Cut off decimal places of a numeric input.
tryCatch – Check expressions for error and warning messages.
type.convert – Convert data object to appropriate class.
union – Return values that appear in at least one of two data objects.
unique – Remove duplicates from data objects.
unit [grid] – Create data object with the class unit.
unlist – Convert a list to a single vector.
unsplit – Reverse output of split function.
vapply – Apply function to all list elements and convert output to vector.
var – Compute sample variance.
warning – Generate warning message.
weekdays – Return the corresponding weekday of a date.
weighted.mean – Compute the weighted arithmetic mean.
weightedMean [matrixStats] – Compute the weighted arithmetic mean.
which – Return indices of certain values based on logical condition.
with – Evaluates expression in environment constructed based on data frame.
within – Evaluates expression in environment and modify data frame.
write – Write data to files.
write.xlsx [xlsx] – Export data frame from R to Excel workbook.
wt.mean [SDMTools] – Compute the weighted arithmetic mean.
xtfrm – Produce numeric vector which sorts in same order as input.
xyplot [lattice] – Create scatterplot.
