.net实现导出Word、Excel格式文件

Posted on 2008-06-13 16:31 飛雪飄寒阅读(7416) 评论(11) 编辑收藏举报

    在做.NET项目时,会经常遇到要导出文件的问题,如将DataGrid中的数据导出到excel、word文件等,经常使用的是Office中的OWC组件,这个组件提供的功能很强大,在一般的项目中都可以满足当前的需要.但是这个功能强大的组件使用起来却不是很方便,不但有版本的问题,而且代码量也相对比较大.现在简单介绍一下利用Respone对象和相关的IO实现导出excel/word等文件的方法。

    1.Respone对象及相关的IO介绍
    System.IO.StringWriter SW = new System.IO.StringWriter();
    System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter HTW=new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(SW);
    Page.RenderControl(HTW);
    //Page为要导出的对象,当前是Page,如果是DataGrid,DataList等都可以
    Response.Buffer=true;
    Response.Clear();
    Response.ClearContent();
    Response.ClearHeaders();
    Response.ContentType = "Response.ContentType";
    //Response.ContentType是输出流的 HTTP MIME 类型
    //Response.ContentType      --- word文件
    //application/vnd.ms-excel --- excel文件
    Response.Charset="utf-8";
    Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8");
    Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=XXX.doc");
    //attachment --- 作为附件下载
    //inline --- 在线打开
    //filename如过是中文,则可以用HttpUtility.UrlEncode(fileName,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8)进行编码,以解决文件名乱码的问题
    Response.Write(SW.ToString());
    Response.Flush();
    Response.Close();

    2.实现方法
    列出.net实现导出Word、Exce格式文件调用的具体方法，代码如下：

/// <summary>

/// 将Web控件导出

/// </summary>

/// <param name="source">控件实例</param>

/// <param name="type">类型:Excel或Word</param>

public void ExpertControl(System.Web.UI.Control source, DocumentType type)

{

//设置Http的头信息,编码格式

if (type == DocumentType.Excel)

{

//Excel

Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=result.xls");

Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";

}

else if (type == DocumentType.Word)

{

//Word

Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=result.doc");

Response.ContentType = "application/ms-word";

}

Response.Charset = "UTF-8";

Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;

//关闭控件的视图状态

source.Page.EnableViewState =false;

//初始化HtmlWriter

System.IO.StringWriter writer = new System.IO.StringWriter() ;

System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter htmlWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(writer);

source.RenderControl(htmlWriter);

//输出

Response.Write(writer.ToString());

Response.End();

}

//文档类型

public enum DocumentType

{

Word,

Excel

}

    调用方法：
    ExpertControl(this, DocumentType.Word);
    这是将整个页面导出为Word
    //this可以为具体的控件如datagrid/dataList或page表示当前页，DocumentType为导出的文件格式(Excel/word)
    注意：当为datagrid或dataList控件时，在导出Excel/word文件时，必须把控件的分页、排序属性去除并重新绑定，否则将出现
"类型“DataGridLinkButton”的控件“DataGrid1__ctl14__ctl1”必须放在具有 runat=server 的窗体标记内。"错误!

    3.具体实例
    为了让大家具体理解.net实现导出Word、Exce格式文件功能，下面贴出一个具体实例代码以供参考！　
    前台代码

<%@ Page language="c#" Codebehind="InSum.aspx.cs" AutoEventWireup="false" Inherits="FLX.Portal.InSum" %>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" >

<HTML>

<HEAD>

<title>InSum</title>

</HEAD>

<body>

<asp:Label id="Label1" runat="server" Font-Size="14px" Font-Bold="True">输出形式：</asp:Label>

<asp:DropDownList id="DDLOutPut" runat="server">

<asp:ListItem Value="Excel">Excel</asp:ListItem>

<asp:ListItem Value="Word">Word</asp:ListItem>

</asp:DropDownList>

<asp:Button id="BtnOutPut" runat="server" Text="导出文件"></asp:Button>

<asp:datagrid id="DataGrid1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False" Width="100%" BorderColor="#CCCCCC"

BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px" BackColor="White" CellPadding="3" AllowPaging="True"

Font-Size="12px" ShowFooter="True">

<asp:BoundColumn DataField="id" HeaderText="id"></asp:BoundColumn>

<asp:BoundColumn DataField="count1" HeaderText="count1"></asp:BoundColumn>

<asp:BoundColumn DataField="count2" HeaderText="count2"></asp:BoundColumn>

<asp:TemplateColumn HeaderText="count3">

<asp:Label id=lblQuantity runat="server" Text='<%# DataBinder.Eval(Container, "DataItem.count3") %>'>

</asp:Label>

</ItemTemplate>

</asp:TemplateColumn>

</Columns>

</asp:datagrid>

</form>

</body>

</HTML>

后台代码

using System;

using System.Collections;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.SessionState;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;

using FLX.Configuration;

using System.Text;

namespace FLX.Portal

{

/// <summary>

/// InSum 的摘要说明。

/// </summary>

public class InSum : PortalPagePersonal

{

public int intSum1=0;

public int intSum2=0;

public int intSum3=0;

protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.Button BtnOutPut;

protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.Label Label1;

protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.DropDownList DDLOutPut;

protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.DataGrid DataGrid1;

private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

// 在此处放置用户代码以初始化页面

if(!this.IsPostBack)

{

this.DataGrid1.DataSource =this.GetDataBind();

this.DataGrid1 .DataBind();

}

Web 窗体设计器生成的代码

private void DataGrid1_ItemDataBound(object sender, System.Web.UI.WebControls.DataGridItemEventArgs e)

{

if(e.Item.ItemIndex >= 0)

{

//取指定列的数据总和

intSum1 += int.Parse(e.Item.Cells[1].Text.ToString());

intSum2 += int.Parse(e.Item.Cells[2].Text.ToString());

Label lblQuantity = (Label)e.Item.Cells[3].FindControl("lblQuantity");　

intSum3 += int.Parse(lblQuantity.Text.ToString());

}

else if(e.Item.ItemType == ListItemType.Footer)

{

e.Item.Cells[0].Text = "总计：";

e.Item.Cells[1].Text = ""+intSum1.ToString()+"";

e.Item.Cells[2].Text = ""+intSum2.ToString()+"";

e.Item.Cells[3].Text = ""+intSum3.ToString()+"";

}

private DataTable GetDataBind()

{

string sql="select * from Count";

DataTable dt=new DataTable();

dt=this.DataAccessFacade.ExecuteDataTable(sql);

return dt;

}

private void DataGrid1_ItemCreated(object sender, System.Web.UI.WebControls.DataGridItemEventArgs e)

{

if(e.Item.ItemType==ListItemType.Header)

{

TableCellCollection tcl=e.Item.Cells;

tcl.Clear();

tcl.Add(new TableHeaderCell());

tcl[0].ColumnSpan =4;

tcl[0].Text="第一季度个人消费情况表</th></tr><tr><td rowspan =\"2\">姓名</td><td colspan=\"3\" align=\"center\">帐目统计</td></tr><tr><td>项目一</td><td>项目二</td><td>项目三</td>";

}

private void BtnOutPut_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

if(this.DDLOutPut.SelectedItem.Text =="Excel")

{

this.DataGrid1.AllowPaging =false;

this.DataGrid1.DataSource =this.GetDataBind();

this.DataGrid1 .DataBind();

ExpertControl(this, DocumentType.Excel);

this.DataGrid1.AllowPaging =true;

this.DataGrid1.DataSource =this.GetDataBind();

this.DataGrid1 .DataBind();

}

else

{

this.DataGrid1.AllowPaging =false;

this.DataGrid1.DataSource =this.GetDataBind();

this.DataGrid1 .DataBind();

ExpertControl(this, DocumentType.Word);

this.DataGrid1.AllowPaging =true;

this.DataGrid1.DataSource =this.GetDataBind();

this.DataGrid1 .DataBind();

}

/// <summary>

/// 将Web控件导出

/// </summary>

/// <param name="source">控件实例</param>

/// <param name="type">类型:Excel或Word</param>

public void ExpertControl(System.Web.UI.Control source, DocumentType type)

{

//设置Http的头信息,编码格式

if (type == DocumentType.Excel)

{

//Excel

Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=result.xls");

Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";

}

else if (type == DocumentType.Word)

{

//Word

Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=result.doc");

Response.ContentType = "application/ms-word";

}

Response.Charset = "UTF-8";

Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;

//关闭控件的视图状态

source.Page.EnableViewState =false;

//初始化HtmlWriter

System.IO.StringWriter writer = new System.IO.StringWriter() ;

System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter htmlWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(writer);

source.RenderControl(htmlWriter);

//输出

Response.Write(writer.ToString());

Response.End();

}

private void DataGrid1_PageIndexChanged(object source, System.Web.UI.WebControls.DataGridPageChangedEventArgs e)

{

this.DataGrid1.CurrentPageIndex =e.NewPageIndex ;

this.DataGrid1.DataSource =this.GetDataBind();

this.DataGrid1.DataBind();

}

//文档类型

public enum DocumentType

{

Word,

Excel

}

效果展示
1.导出Excel文件

2.导出Word文件

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.net实现导出Word、Excel格式文件