SpringMVC+Shiro权限管理
什么是权限呢？举个简单的例子：
我有一个论坛，注册的用户分为normal用户，manager用户。
对论坛的帖子的操作有这些：
添加，删除，更新，查看，回复
我们规定：
normal用户只能：添加，查看，回复
manager用户可以：删除，更新
normal，manager对应的是角色（role）
添加，删除，更新等对应的是权限（permission）
我们采用下面的逻辑创建权限表结构（不是绝对的，根据需要修改）
一个用户可以有多种角色（normal,manager,admin等等）
一个角色可以有多个用户（user1,user2,user3等等）
一个角色可以有多个权限（save,update,delete,query等等）
一个权限只属于一个角色（delete只属于manager角色）
我们创建四张表：
t_user用户表:设置了3个用户
-------------------------------
id + username + password
---+----------------+----------
1 + tom + 000000
2 + jack + 000000
3 + rose + 000000
---------------------------------
t_role角色表：设置3个角色
--------------
id + rolename
---+----------
1 + admin
2 + manager
3 + normal
--------------
t_user_role用户角色表：tom是admin和normal角色，jack是manager和normal角色，rose是normal角色
---------------------
user_id + role_id
-----------+-----------
1 + 1
1 + 3
2 + 2
2 + 3
3 + 3
---------------------
t_permission权限表：admin角色可以删除，manager角色可以添加和更新，normal角色可以查看
-----------------------------------
id + permissionname + role_id
----+------------------------+-----------
1 + add + 2
2 + del + 1
3 + update + 2
4 + query + 3
-----------------------------------
建立对应的POJO：
package com.cn.pojo; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.List; import java.util.Set; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.JoinColumn; import javax.persistence.JoinTable; import javax.persistence.ManyToMany; import javax.persistence.Table; import javax.persistence.Transient; import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty; @Entity @Table(name = "t_user") public class User { private Integer id; @NotEmpty(message = "用户名不能为空") private String username; @NotEmpty(message = "密码不能为空") private String password; private List<Role> roleList;// 一个用户具有多个角色 @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } @ManyToMany @JoinTable(name = "t_user_role", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_id") }, inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "role_id") }) public List<Role> getRoleList() { return roleList; } public void setRoleList(List<Role> roleList) { this.roleList = roleList; } @Transient public Set<String> getRolesName() { List<Role> roles = getRoleList(); Set<String> set = new HashSet<String>(); for (Role role : roles) { set.add(role.getRolename()); } return set; } }
package com.cn.pojo; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.JoinColumn; import javax.persistence.JoinTable; import javax.persistence.ManyToMany; import javax.persistence.OneToMany; import javax.persistence.Table; import javax.persistence.Transient; @Entity @Table(name = "t_role") public class Role { private Integer id; private String rolename; private List<Permission> permissionList;// 一个角色对应多个权限 private List<User> userList;// 一个角色对应多个用户 @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getRolename() { return rolename; } public void setRolename(String rolename) { this.rolename = rolename; } @OneToMany(mappedBy = "role") public List<Permission> getPermissionList() { return permissionList; } public void setPermissionList(List<Permission> permissionList) { this.permissionList = permissionList; } @ManyToMany @JoinTable(name = "t_user_role", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "role_id") }, inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_id") }) public List<User> getUserList() { return userList; } public void setUserList(List<User> userList) { this.userList = userList; } @Transient public List<String> getPermissionsName() { List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>(); List<Permission> perlist = getPermissionList(); for (Permission per : perlist) { list.add(per.getPermissionname()); } return list; } }
package com.cn.pojo; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.JoinColumn; import javax.persistence.ManyToOne; import javax.persistence.Table; @Entity @Table(name = "t_permission") public class Permission { private Integer id; private String permissionname; private Role role;// 一个权限对应一个角色 @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getPermissionname() { return permissionname; } public void setPermissionname(String permissionname) { this.permissionname = permissionname; } @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name = "role_id") public Role getRole() { return role; } public void setRole(Role role) { this.role = role; } }
使用SHIRO的步骤：
1、导入jar
2、配置web.xml
3、建立dbRelm
4、在Spring中配置
pom.xml中配置如下：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.hyx</groupId> <artifactId>springmvc</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>springmvc Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- SpringMVC核心jar --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- springmvc连接数据库需要的jar --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- ************************************ --> <!-- Hibernate相关jar --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>4.2.5.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId> <version>4.2.5.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId> <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId> <version>2.7.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.26</version> </dependency> <!-- javax提供的annotation --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.inject</groupId> <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId> <version>1</version> </dependency> <!-- **************************** --> <!-- hibernate验证 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> <version>5.0.1.Final</version> </dependency> <!-- 用于对@ResponseBody注解的支持 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> <version>1.9.13</version> </dependency> <!-- 提供对c标签的支持 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet api --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <!--Apache Shiro所需的jar包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>springmvc</finalName> <!-- maven的jetty服务器插件 --> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId> <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds> <webApp> <contextPath>/</contextPath> </webApp> <!-- 修改jetty的默认端口 --> <connectors> <connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector"> <port>80</port> <maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime> </connector> </connectors> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
web.xml中的配置：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!-- spring-orm-hibernate4的OpenSessionInViewFilter --> <filter> <filter-name>opensessioninview</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>opensessioninview</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置springmvc servlet --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <!-- / 表示所有的请求都要经过此serlvet --> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- spring的监听器 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <!-- Shiro配置 --> <filter> <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
package com.cn.service; import java.util.List; import javax.inject.Inject; import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException; import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo; import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken; import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo; import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken; import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo; import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo; import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm; import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; import com.cn.pojo.Role; import com.cn.pojo.User; @Service @Transactional public class MyShiro extends AuthorizingRealm { @Inject private UserService userService; /** * 权限认证 */ @Override protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) { // 获取登录时输入的用户名 String loginName = (String) principalCollection.fromRealm(getName()).iterator().next(); // 到数据库查是否有此对象 User user = userService.findByName(loginName); if (user != null) { // 权限信息对象info,用来存放查出的用户的所有的角色（role）及权限（permission） SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo(); // 用户的角色集合 info.setRoles(user.getRolesName()); // 用户的角色对应的所有权限，如果只使用角色定义访问权限，下面的四行可以不要 List<Role> roleList = user.getRoleList(); for (Role role : roleList) { info.addStringPermissions(role.getPermissionsName()); } return info; } return null; } /** * 登录认证; */ @Override protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException { // UsernamePasswordToken对象用来存放提交的登录信息 UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken; // 查出是否有此用户 User user = userService.findByName(token.getUsername()); if (user != null) { // 若存在，将此用户存放到登录认证info中 return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), getName()); } return null; } }
在spring的配置文件中配置，为了区别spring原配置和shiro我们将shiro的配置独立出来。
applicationContext-shiro.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 配置权限管理器 --> <bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager"> <!-- ref对应我们写的realm MyShiro --> <property name="realm" ref="myShiro" /> <!-- 使用下面配置的缓存管理器 --> <property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" /> </bean> <!-- 配置shiro的过滤器工厂类，id- shiroFilter要和我们在web.xml中配置的过滤器一致 --> <bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean"> <!-- 调用我们配置的权限管理器 --> <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager" /> <!-- 配置我们的登录请求地址 --> <property name="loginUrl" value="/login" /> <!-- 配置我们在登录页登录成功后的跳转地址，如果你访问的是非/login地址，则跳到您访问的地址 --> <property name="successUrl" value="/user" /> <!-- 如果您请求的资源不再您的权限范围，则跳转到/403请求地址 --> <property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/403" /> <!-- 权限配置 --> <property name="filterChainDefinitions"> <value> <!-- anon表示此地址不需要任何权限即可访问 --> /static/**=anon <!-- perms[user:query]表示访问此连接需要权限为user:query的用户 --> /user=perms[user:query] <!-- roles[manager]表示访问此连接需要用户的角色为manager --> /user/add=roles[manager] /user/del/**=roles[admin] /user/edit/**=roles[manager] <!--所有的请求(除去配置的静态资源请求或请求地址为anon的请求)都要通过登录验证,如果未登录则跳到/login --> /** = authc </value> </property> </bean> <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.apache.shiro.cache.MemoryConstrainedCacheManager" /> <bean id="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor" /> </beans>
用于登录，登出，权限跳转的控制：
package com.cn.controller; import javax.validation.Valid; import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils; import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException; import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.RedirectAttributes; import com.cn.pojo.User; @Controller public class HomeController { @RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String loginForm(Model model) { model.addAttribute("user", new User()); return "/login"; } @RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.POST) public String login(@Valid User user, BindingResult bindingResult, RedirectAttributes redirectAttributes) { try { if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) { return "/login"; } // 使用权限工具进行用户登录，登录成功后跳到shiro配置的successUrl中，与下面的return没什么关系！ SecurityUtils.getSubject().login(new UsernamePasswordToken(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword())); return "redirect:/user"; } catch (AuthenticationException e) { redirectAttributes.addFlashAttribute("message", "用户名或密码错误"); return "redirect:/login"; } } @RequestMapping(value = "/logout", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String logout(RedirectAttributes redirectAttributes) { // 使用权限管理工具进行用户的退出，跳出登录，给出提示信息 SecurityUtils.getSubject().logout(); redirectAttributes.addFlashAttribute("message", "您已安全退出"); return "redirect:/login"; } @RequestMapping("/403") public String unauthorizedRole() { return "/403"; } }
三个主要的JSP：
login.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"%> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>My JSP 'MyJsp.jsp' starting page</title> </head> <body> <h1>登录页面----${message }</h1> <img alt="" src="/static/img/1.jpg"> <form:form action="/login" commandName="user" method="post"> 用户名：<form:input path="username" /> <form:errors path="username" cssClass="error" /> <br /> 密 码：<form:password path="password" /> <form:errors path="password" cssClass="error" /> <br /> <form:button name="button">submit</form:button> </form:form> </body> </html>
user.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%> <%@ taglib prefix="shiro" uri="http://shiro.apache.org/tags"%> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>用户列表</title> </head> <body> <h1>${message }</h1> <h1> 用户列表--<a href="/user/add">添加用户</a>---<a href="/logout">退出登录</a> </h1> <h2>权限列表</h2> <shiro:authenticated>用户已经登录显示此内容</shiro:authenticated> <shiro:hasRole name="manager">manager角色登录显示此内容</shiro:hasRole> <shiro:hasRole name="admin">admin角色登录显示此内容</shiro:hasRole> <shiro:hasRole name="normal">normal角色登录显示此内容</shiro:hasRole> <shiro:hasAnyRoles name="manager,admin">**manager or admin 角色用户登录显示此内容**</shiro:hasAnyRoles> <shiro:principal /> -显示当前登录用户名 <shiro:hasPermission name="add">add权限用户显示此内容</shiro:hasPermission> <shiro:hasPermission name="user:query">query权限用户显示此内容<shiro:principal /> </shiro:hasPermission> <shiro:lacksPermission name="user:del"> 不具有user:del权限的用户显示此内容 </shiro:lacksPermission> <ul> <c:forEach items="${userList }" var="user"> <li>用户名：${user.username }----密码：${user.password }----<a href="/user/edit/${user.id}">修改用户</a>----<a href="javascript:;" class="del" ref="${user.id }">删除用户</a></li> </c:forEach> </ul> <img alt="" src="/static/img/1.jpg"> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.staticfile.org/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <script> $(function() { $(".del").click(function() { var id = $(this).attr("ref"); $.ajax({ type : "delete", url : "/user/del/" + id, success : function(e) { } }); }); }); </script> </body> </html>
403.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"%> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>权限错误</title> </head> <body> <h1>对不起，您没有权限请求此连接！</h1> <img alt="" src="/static/img/1.jpg"> </body> </html>
本文转自：http://peirenlei.iteye.com/blog/2086639
