Python编写API接口
要求通过http://192.168.50.74/aptest/calc/?a=aa&c=00&b=bb进行访问,参数a="aa",b="bb",c="00"
1.编写url:浏览器会自动将?后面识别为参数。
urlpatterns = [ url(r'^calc/$', aptest.calc, name='calc'), ]
2.编写view:
def calc(request): a = request.GET['a'] b = request.GET['b'] c = request.GET['c'] print a,b,c m = a+b+c return HttpResponse(str(m))
浏览器返回json类型结果:
import json def calc(request): a = request.GET['a'] b = request.GET['b'] c = request.GET['c'] print a,b,c m = a+b+c n = b+a rets = {"m":m,'n':n} retsj = json.dumps(rets) #返回json类型数据 {"m": "aabb00", "n": "bbaa"} return HttpResponse(retsj)
在浏览器中访问http://192.168.50.74/aptest/calc/?a=aa&c=00&b=bb,返回值为:“aabb00”
其中http://192.168.50.74/aptest/calc为接口地址,a=aa&c=00&b=bb为所接收到的参数,如下图所示:
在python中访问该接口:
import urllib,urllib2,cookielib url = 'http://192.168.50.74/aptest/calc/?' #定义接口地址 headers = { 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko' } headers = {'User-agent':'Mozilla/5.0'} #---OK url_args = urllib.urlencode({ #定义参数 "a":'aa', "b":'bb', "c":'00'}) print url_args #返回:a=aa&c=00&b=bb
urls = '%s%s' %(url,url_args) print urls #返回:http://192.168.50.74/aptest/calc/?a=aa&c=00&b=bb req = urllib2.Request(url=urls,headers=headers) #需要添加一个header,否则会提示403forbidden print urllib2.urlopen(req).read() #返回:aabb00
#urllib2.urlopen()函数不支持验证、cookie或者其它HTTP高级功能。要支持这些功能,必须使用build_opener()函数创建自定义Opener对象