mac使用git管理Github以及生成 SSH 公钥

现在开始设置Mac管理Github，有一点需要知道的是本地的git仓库和Github服务器之间是通过ssh加密的。

在终端执行

dreamdeMacBook-Air:~ dream$ ssh -v
usage: ssh [-1246AaCfGgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy] [-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec]
           [-D [bind_address:]port] [-E log_file] [-e escape_char]
           [-F configfile] [-I pkcs11] [-i identity_file]
           [-J [user@]host[:port]] [-L address] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec]
           [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-p port] [-Q query_option] [-R address]
           [-S ctl_path] [-W host:port] [-w local_tun[:remote_tun]]
           [user@]hostname [command]

 

明显Mac已经安装了ssh。

 

 

创建SSH Key

dreamdeMacBook-Air:~ dreamn$ cd ~
dreamdeMacBook-Air:~ dream$ pwd
/Users/dream
dreamdeMacBook-Air:~ dream$ cd .ssh
-bash: cd: .ssh: No such file or directory
dreamdeMacBook-Air:~ dream$

 

进入当前的用户目录，波浪线表示的是当前目录。判断是否已经安装了.ssh,避免默认安装会覆盖之前安装的。明显当前目录没有该文件

执行创建 ssh key

 

ssh-keygen -t rsa -C youremail@example.com(你的Github登陆名)

 

首先在本地初始化一个git仓库
由于之前没有配置用户名，所以首次commit会有提示，自动建立
设置方式
git config --global user.name Your Name
git config --global user.email email@example.com

 

接着都是回车，选择默认的目录，默认的密码即可

dreamdeMacBook-Air:~ dream$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/dream/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Created directory '/Users/dream/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /Users/dream/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /Users/dream/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:+IzVbBCP8mX0f+KVkgwxHjgUFiboXrn7dqutv3F1CCk dream@dreamdeMacBook-Air.local
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|      ..o*=+     |
|     .  +B..+.   |
|    . . + Eo+    |
|     . * * .oo...|
|    . o S +  ++o+|
|     . * .   .o+.|
|      . +  . ..  |
|       . ...o    |
|        o+==o    |
+----[SHA256]-----+

 

接着可以在用户主目录里找到.ssh目录，里面有id_rsa和id_rsa.pub两个文件，这两个就是SSH Key的秘钥对

Your identification has been saved in /Users/mesut/.ssh/id_rsa.

Your public key has been saved in /Users/mesut/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

dreamdeMacBook-Air:~ dream$ cd .ssh
dreamdeMacBook-Air:.ssh dream$ ls
id_rsa		id_rsa.pub

 

如何查看公钥？命令cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

dreamdeMacBook-Air:.ssh dream$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
dreamdeMacBook-Air:.ssh dream$

 

将SSH key添加到GitHub。登录到GitHub页面，Account Settings->SSH Public Keys->Add another key

将生成的key(id_rsa.pub文件）内容copy到输入框中，save。

commd+shift+g进入/Users/chen/.ssh/就可以看得见私钥和公钥

私钥的名字是 id_rsa，是服务器确定你身份的唯一凭证。

公钥的名字是id_rsa.pub。把这个文件发给仓库管理员，仓库管理员会把这个公钥放到服务器上，以后git就通过上面的私钥跟服务器交互了。如果使用github就是自己把公钥内容添加上去