Android开发手记(12) Menu的使用

  Android中的Menu分为三种,分别为:OptionsMenu(选项菜单)、ContextMenu(上下文菜单)、SubMenu(子菜单)。

1、OptionsMenu

  按Menu键就会显示,用于当前的Activity。
  在Activity里面,一般通过以下函数来使用options menu:
     Activity::onCreateOptionsMenu (Menu menu)   创建options menu,这个函数只会在menu第一次显示时调用。
     Activity::onPrepareOptionsMenu (Menu menu)  更新改变options menu的内容,这个函数会在menu每次显示时调用。
     Activity::onOptionsItemSelected (MenuItem item) 处理选中的菜单项。
1      //menu.add(groupId, itemId, order, title); 通过add()增加menuItem,每个menuItem有groupId,itemId,Order。这三个属性是相互独立,没有关联。  
2         MenuItem redMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_1, 0, 0, "Red");
3         MenuItem OrangedMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_1, 1, 1, "Orange");
4         MenuItem YellowMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_2, 2, 2, "Yellow");
5         MenuItem GreenMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_2, 3, 3, "Green");
6         MenuItem BlueMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_2, 4, 4, "Blue");
7         MenuItem CyangonMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_3, 5, 5, "Cyangon");
8         MenuItem PurpleMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_3, 6, 6, "Purple");
1         menu.setGroupCheckable(MENU_GROUP_2, true /*isCheckable*/, false);//第三个参数true为单选,false为多选
2         menu.setGroupEnabled(MENU_GROUP_2, true/*isEnabled*/);
3         menu.setGroupVisible(MENU_GROUP_2, true/*isVisible*/);
4         menu.setGroupCheckable(MENU_GROUP_3, true, true);    

完整代码如下:

 1 import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
 2 import android.os.Bundle;
 3 import android.view.Menu;
 4 import android.view.MenuItem;
 5 import android.widget.Toast;
 6 
 7 
 8 public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 9 
10     private static int MENU_GROUP_1 = 1;
11     private static int MENU_GROUP_2 = 2;
12     private static int MENU_GROUP_3 = 3;
13 
14     @Override
15     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
16         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
17         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
18     }
19 
20     @Override
21     public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
22         MenuItem redMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_1, 0, 0, "Red");
23         MenuItem OrangedMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_1, 1, 1, "Orange");
24         MenuItem YellowMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_2, 2, 2, "Yellow");
25         MenuItem GreenMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_2, 3, 3, "Green");
26         MenuItem BlueMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_2, 4, 4, "Blue");
27         MenuItem CyangonMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_3, 5, 5, "Cyangon");
28         MenuItem PurpleMenu = menu.add(MENU_GROUP_3, 6, 6, "Purple");
29 
30         menu.setGroupCheckable(MENU_GROUP_2, true /*isCheckable*/, false);//第三个参数true为单选,false为多选
31         menu.setGroupEnabled(MENU_GROUP_2, true/*isEnabled*/);
32         menu.setGroupVisible(MENU_GROUP_2, true/*isVisible*/);
33         menu.setGroupCheckable(MENU_GROUP_3, true, true);
34 
35         return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
36     }
37 
38     @Override
39     public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
40         super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
41         switch (item.getItemId()) {
42             case 0:
43                 Toast.makeText(this, "Red", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
44                 break;
45             case 1:
46                 Toast.makeText(this, "Orange", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
47                 break;
48             case 2:
49                 if(item.isCheckable()){
50                     item.setChecked(!item.isChecked());
51                 }
52                 break;
53             case 3:
54                 if(item.isCheckable()){
55                     item.setChecked(!item.isChecked());
56                 }
57                 break;
58             case 4:
59                 if(item.isCheckable()){
60                     item.setChecked(!item.isChecked());
61                 }
62                 break;
63             case 5:
64                 if(item.isCheckable()){
65                     item.setChecked(true);
66                 }
67                 break;
68             case 6:
69                 if(item.isCheckable()){
70                     item.setChecked(true);
71                 }
72                 break;
73         }
74         return true;
75     }
76 
77 }
MainActivity.java

 

2、ContextMenu

  要在相应的view上按几秒后才显示的,用于view,跟某个具体的view绑定在一起。这类型的菜单不支持icon和快捷键!

  在Activity里面,一般通过以下函数来使用context menu:

  Activity::registerForContextMenu(View view) 为某个view注册context menu,一般在Activity::onCreate里面调用。
  Activity::onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) 创建context menu,和options menu不同,context meun每次显示时都会调用这个函数。
  Activity::onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) 处理选中的菜单项。
1         menu.setHeaderTitle("ContextMenu");
2         menu.add(GROUP_COLOR, 0, 0, "Red");
3         menu.add(GROUP_COLOR, 1, 1, "Green");
4         menu.add(GROUP_COLOR, 2, 2, "Blue");    

  菜单响应事件处理和OptionMenu类似。

 1 public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 2 
 3     private TextView colorText;
 4     private static int GROUP_COLOR = 1;
 5 
 6     @Override
 7     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 8         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
 9         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
10 
11         colorText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView);
12         registerForContextMenu(colorText);
13     }
14 
15     @Override
16     public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
17         super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
18 
19         menu.setHeaderTitle("ContextMenu");
20         menu.add(GROUP_COLOR, 0, 0, "Red");
21         menu.add(GROUP_COLOR, 1, 1, "Green");
22         menu.add(GROUP_COLOR, 2, 2, "Blue");
23     }
24 
25     @Override
26     public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
27         super.onContextItemSelected(item);
28 
29         switch (item.getItemId()) {
30             case 0:
31                 colorText.setTextColor(Color.RED);
32                 break;
33             case 1:
34                 colorText.setTextColor(Color.GREEN);
35                 break;
36             case 2:
37                 colorText.setTextColor( Color.BLUE);
38                 break;
39 
40         }
41         return true;
42     }
43 
44 }

3、SubMenu

  SubMenu可以和OptionMenu、ContextMenu配合使用,但子菜单不能嵌套子菜单,这意味着在Android系统,菜单只有两层。同时子菜单不支持icon。

  可以在onCreateOptionMenu或者onCreateContextMenu内定义SubMenu:

 1     @Override
 2     public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
 3         super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
 4 
 5         menu.setHeaderTitle("ContextMenu");
 6         menu.add(GROUP_COLOR, 0, 0, "Red");
 7         menu.add(GROUP_COLOR, 1, 1, "Green");
 8         menu.add(GROUP_COLOR, 2, 2, "Blue");
 9 
10         SubMenu subMenu = menu.addSubMenu(Menu.NONE, 10, 10, "Text Size");
11         subMenu.add(Menu.NONE, 11, 11, "Large");
12         subMenu.add(Menu.NONE, 12, 12, "Small");
13     }

  完整代码:

 1 import android.graphics.Color;
 2 import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
 3 import android.os.Bundle;
 4 import android.view.ContextMenu;
 5 import android.view.Menu;
 6 import android.view.MenuItem;
 7 import android.view.SubMenu;
 8 import android.view.View;
 9 import android.widget.TextView;
10 
11 public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
12 
13     private TextView colorText;
14     private static int GROUP_COLOR = 1;
15 
16     @Override
17     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
18         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
19         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
20 
21         colorText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView);
22         registerForContextMenu(colorText);
23     }
24 
25     @Override
26     public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
27         super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
28 
29         menu.setHeaderTitle("ContextMenu");
30         menu.add(GROUP_COLOR, 0, 0, "Red");
31         menu.add(GROUP_COLOR, 1, 1, "Green");
32         menu.add(GROUP_COLOR, 2, 2, "Blue");
33 
34         SubMenu subMenu = menu.addSubMenu(Menu.NONE, 10, 10, "Text Size");
35         subMenu.add(Menu.NONE, 11, 11, "Large");
36         subMenu.add(Menu.NONE, 12, 12, "Small");
37     }
38 
39     @Override
40     public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
41         super.onContextItemSelected(item);
42 
43         switch (item.getItemId()) {
44             case 0:
45                 colorText.setTextColor(Color.RED);
46                 break;
47             case 1:
48                 colorText.setTextColor(Color.GREEN);
49                 break;
50             case 2:
51                 colorText.setTextColor( Color.BLUE);
52                 break;
53             case 11:
54                 colorText.setTextSize(30);
55                 break;
56             case 12:
57                 colorText.setTextSize(20);
58                 break;
59         }
60         return true;
61     }
62 
63 }
MainActivity.java

4、XML定义菜单

  首先在/res/menu新建一个menu_main.xml,在其中定义相关Menu

 1 <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 2     xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 3     tools:context=".MainActivity">
 4     <item android:id="@+id/subMenu"
 5         android:title="SubMenu" >
 6         <menu>  <!--定义子菜单-->
 7             <item android:id="@+id/subLarge"
 8                 android:title="Large"/>
 9             <item android:id="@+id/subSmall"
10                 android:title="Small"/>
11         </menu>
12     </item>
13     <!--定义菜单组1-->
14     <group android:id="@+id/group1"
15         android:checkableBehavior="single"
16         android:enabled="true">
17         <item android:id="@+id/redMenu"
18             android:title="Red"/>
19         <item android:id="@+id/blueMenu"
20             android:title="Blue"/>
21     </group>
22     <!--定义菜单组2-->
23     <group android:id="@+id/group2"
24         android:checkableBehavior="all"
25         android:enabled="true">
26         <item android:id="@+id/greenMenu"
27             android:title="Green"/>
28         <item android:id="@+id/purpleMenu"
29             android:title="Purple"/>
30     </group>
31 </menu>

  (1)XML定义OptionsMenu

  重载onCreateOptionsMenu即可:

1     @Override
2     public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){
3         MenuInflater menuInflater = new MenuInflater(getApplication());
4         menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
5         return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
6     }

  完整代码为:

 1 import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
 2 import android.os.Bundle;
 3 import android.view.Menu;
 4 import android.view.MenuInflater;
 5 import android.widget.TextView;
 6 
 7 public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 8 
 9     private TextView colorText;
10 
11     @Override
12     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
13         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
14         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
15     }
16 
17     @Override
18     public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){
19         MenuInflater menuInflater = new MenuInflater(getApplication());
20         menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
21         return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
22     }
23     
24 }
MainActivity.java

  (2)XML定义ContextMenu

  首先为ContextMenu注册菜单项

1         colorText = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView);
2         registerForContextMenu(colorText);

  然后重载onCreateContextMenu即可:

1     @Override
2     public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
3         super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
4 
5         getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
6     }

  完整代码为:

 1 import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
 2 import android.os.Bundle;
 3 import android.view.ContextMenu;
 4 import android.view.View;
 5 import android.widget.TextView;
 6 
 7 public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 8 
 9     private TextView colorText;
10 
11     @Override
12     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
13         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
14         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
15 
16         colorText = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView);
17         registerForContextMenu(colorText);
18     }
19 
20     @Override
21     public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
22         super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
23 
24         getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
25     }
26 
27 }
MainActivity.java

 

 

posted @ 2015-10-20 19:25  doodle777  阅读(395)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报