【转载】Apriori

通过这个博客学习:数据挖掘十大算法(四):Apriori(关联分析算法)

代码也是摘自上面博客,对照代码理解理论部分可能更加有助于对该算法的理解

from numpy import *


# 构造数据
def loadDataSet():
    return [[1, 3, 4], [2, 3, 5], [1, 2, 3, 5], [2, 5]]


# 将所有元素转换为frozenset型字典,存放到列表中
def createC1(dataSet):
    C1 = []
    for transaction in dataSet:
        for item in transaction:
            if not [item] in C1:
                C1.append([item])
    C1.sort()
    # 使用frozenset是为了后面可以将这些值作为字典的键
    # print("C1:", C1)
    # print("list(map(frozenset, C1)):", list(map(frozenset, C1)))
    return list(map(frozenset, C1))  # frozenset一种不可变的集合,set可变集合


# 过滤掉不符合支持度的集合
# 返回 频繁项集列表retList 所有元素的支持度字典
def scanD(D, Ck, minSupport):
    ssCnt = {}
    for tid in D:
        for can in Ck:
            if can.issubset(tid):  # 判断can是否是tid的《子集》 (这里使用子集的方式来判断两者的关系)
                if can not in ssCnt:  # 统计该值在整个记录中满足子集的次数(以字典的形式记录,frozenset为键)
                    ssCnt[can] = 1
                else:
                    ssCnt[can] += 1
    numItems = float(len(D))
    retList = []  # 重新记录满足条件的数据值(即支持度大于阈值的数据)
    supportData = {}  # 每个数据值的支持度
    for key in ssCnt:
        support = ssCnt[key] / numItems
        if support >= minSupport:
            retList.insert(0, key)
        supportData[key] = support
    # print("retList:",retList)
    # print("supportData:", supportData)
    return retList, supportData  # 排除不符合支持度元素后的元素 每个元素支持度


# 生成所有可以组合的集合
# 频繁项集列表Lk 项集元素个数k  [frozenset({2, 3}), frozenset({3, 5})] -> [frozenset({2, 3, 5})]
def aprioriGen(Lk, k):
    # print("LK:",Lk)
    retList = []
    lenLk = len(Lk)
    for i in range(lenLk):  # 两层循环比较Lk中的每个元素与其它元素
        for j in range(i + 1, lenLk):
            L1 = list(Lk[i])[:k - 2]  # 将集合转为list后取值
            L2 = list(Lk[j])[:k - 2]
            # print("L1:",L1,"L2",L2)
            L1.sort()
            L2.sort()  # 这里说明一下:该函数每次比较两个list的前k-2个元素,如果相同则求并集得到k个元素的集合
            if L1 == L2:
                retList.append(Lk[i] | Lk[j])  # 求并集
            # print("retList:", retList)
    return retList  # 返回频繁项集列表Ck


# 封装所有步骤的函数
# 返回 所有满足大于阈值的组合 集合支持度列表
def apriori(dataSet, minSupport=0.5):
    D = list(map(set, dataSet))  # 转换列表记录为字典  [{1, 3, 4}, {2, 3, 5}, {1, 2, 3, 5}, {2, 5}]
    C1 = createC1(
        dataSet)  # 将每个元素转会为frozenset字典    [frozenset({1}), frozenset({2}), frozenset({3}), frozenset({4}), frozenset({5})]
    L1, supportData = scanD(D, C1, minSupport)  # 过滤数据
    L = [L1]
    k = 2
    while (len(L[k - 2]) > 0):  # 若仍有满足支持度的集合则继续做关联分析
        Ck = aprioriGen(L[k - 2], k)  # Ck候选频繁项集
        Lk, supK = scanD(D, Ck, minSupport)  # Lk频繁项集
        supportData.update(supK)  # 更新字典(把新出现的集合:支持度加入到supportData中)
        L.append(Lk)
        k += 1  # 每次新组合的元素都只增加了一个,所以k也+1(k表示元素个数)
    return L, supportData


# dataSet = loadDataSet()
# L, suppData = apriori(dataSet)
# print(L)
# print(suppData)


# 获取关联规则的封装函数
def generateRules(L, supportData, minConf=0.7):  # supportData 是一个字典
    bigRuleList = []
    for i in range(1, len(L)):  # 从为2个元素的集合开始
        for freqSet in L[i]:
            # 只包含单个元素的集合列表
            H1 = [frozenset([item]) for item in freqSet]  # frozenset({2, 3}) 转换为 [frozenset({2}), frozenset({3})]
            # 如果集合元素大于2个,则需要处理才能获得规则
            if (i > 1):
                rulesFromConseq(freqSet, H1, supportData, bigRuleList, minConf)  # 集合元素 集合拆分后的列表 。。。
            else:
                calcConf(freqSet, H1, supportData, bigRuleList, minConf)
    return bigRuleList


# 对规则进行评估 获得满足最小可信度的关联规则
def calcConf(freqSet, H, supportData, brl, minConf=0.7):
    prunedH = []  # 创建一个新的列表去返回
    for conseq in H:
        conf = supportData[freqSet] / supportData[freqSet - conseq]  # 计算置信度
        if conf >= minConf:
            print(freqSet - conseq, '-->', conseq, 'conf:', conf)
            brl.append((freqSet - conseq, conseq, conf))
            prunedH.append(conseq)
    return prunedH


# 生成候选规则集合
def rulesFromConseq(freqSet, H, supportData, brl, minConf=0.7):
    m = len(H[0])
    if (len(freqSet) > (m + 1)):  # 尝试进一步合并
        Hmp1 = aprioriGen(H, m + 1)  # 将单个集合元素两两合并
        Hmp1 = calcConf(freqSet, Hmp1, supportData, brl, minConf)
        if (len(Hmp1) > 1):  # need at least two sets to merge
            rulesFromConseq(freqSet, Hmp1, supportData, brl, minConf)


dataSet = loadDataSet()
L, suppData = apriori(dataSet, minSupport=0.5)
print(L)
print(suppData)
rules = generateRules(L, suppData, minConf=0.7)
# rules = generateRules(L,suppData,minConf=0.5)
print(rules)

 

posted @ 2020-10-10 16:30  +D  阅读(152)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报