random模块

random 模块

随机：在某个范恩内取到每一个值的概率是相同的

用于：抽奖，彩票，随机红包，验证码，洗牌

 

随机小数

import random

#随机小数
ret = random.random() # [0,1)之内的随机小数
ret = random.uniform(1,5) # [1,5)之间的随机小数

 

随机整数

#随机整数
ret = random.randint(1,2) # [1,2] 范围内的随机整数
ret = random.randrange(1,2) # [1,2) 范围内的随机整数
ret = random.randrange(1,10,2) #[1,10) 内的随机奇数

 

随机抽取一个值或多个值

##随机抽取一个值
lst = [1,2,3,'a',('b','c')]
ret = random.choice(lst)

 

##随机抽取多个值 两个值或多个值不重复
ret = random.sample(lst,2) #第二个参数是抽取值的个数

 

打乱顺序：在原列表的基础上打乱，改变原列表

#打乱顺序-在原列表的基础上做乱序
lst2 = [1,2,3,'a',('b','c')]

random.shuffle(lst2)

 

生成四位随机验证码0-9

##基础版本
code = ''
for i in range(4):
    #code+=(str(random.randint(0,9)))
    num = random.randint(0,9)
    code += str(num)
    
print(code)

##函数版本
def rand_code(n=4):
    code = ''
    for i in range(n):
        code += str(random.randint(0,9))
        
    return code

print(rand_code())
print(rand_code(6))

 

随机生成6位 数字+字母 验证码

##基础版
code = ''
for i in range(6):
    rand_num = str(random.randint(0,9))
    rand_alph = chr(random.randint(97,122))
    rand_alph_upper = chr(random.randint(65,90))
    atom_code = random.choice([rand_num,rand_alph,rand_alph_upper])
    code += atom_code
print(code)

##函数版本
def rand_code2(n=6):
    code = ''
    for i in range(n):
        rand_num = str(random.randint(0,9))
        rand_alph = chr(random.randint(97,122))
        rand_alph_upper = chr(random.randint(65,90))
        atom_code = random.choice([rand_num,rand_alph,rand_alph_upper])
        code += atom_code
    return code
    
print(rand_code2())
print(rand_code2(8))

 

数字 或  数字+字母 验证码

def rand_code3(n=6,alph_flag=True):
    code = ''
    for i in range(n):
        rand_num = str(random.randrange(0,9))
        if alph_flag:
            rand_alph = chr(random.randint(97,122))
            rand_alph_upper = chr(random.randint(65,90))
            rand_num = random.choice([rand_num,rand_alph,rand_alph_upper])
        code += rand_num
    return code
    
print(rand_code3(5))