Spring MVC基础（一）：HelloWorld案例
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构建1个maven项目
-
pom.xml
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
-
新建webapp目录
-
新建web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
- webapp目录下新建jsp目录，新建hello.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: sang
Date: 2021/2/5
Time: 21:23
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
hello ${name}!
</body>
</html>
- spring-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--首先配置一个 MyController 的实例-->
<bean class="com.ychen.mvc.controller.MyController" name="/hello"/>
<!--配置处理器映射器，将前端请求和后段的接口关联起来-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping" id="handlerMapping">
<property name="beanName" value="/hello"/>
</bean>
<!--处理器适配器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter" id="handlerAdapter"/>
<!--视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="viewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
- MyController
public class MyController implements Controller {
/**
* 这个方法用来处理请求
* @param request 这个就是前端发送来的请求
* @param response 这个就是服务端给前端的响应
* @return 返回 ModelAndView，Model 就相当于我们的 数据模型，View 则是视图
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
// 创建1个视图hello，并添加数据，最后返回
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("hello");
mv.addObject("name", "javaboy");
return mv;
}
}
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配置tomcat
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启动测试
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工作流程如下
# 前端访问url，去找对应的bean
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping" id="handlerMapping">
<property name="beanName" value="/hello"/>
</bean>
# 找到对应的bean
<bean class="org.javaboy.springmvc01.controller.MyController" name="/hello"/>
# 在对应的bean中创建视图模式
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
// 创建1个视图hello，并添加数据，最后返回
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("hello");
mv.addObject("name", "javaboy");
return mv;
}
# 解析前后缀
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="viewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
# 找到对应的jsp页面
