《软件设计》享元模式

本次实验属于模仿型实验，通过本次实验学生将掌握以下内容：

1、理解享元模式的动机，掌握该模式的结构；

2、能够利用享元模式解决实际问题。

 

[实验任务一]：围棋

设计一个围棋软件，在系统中只存在一个白棋对象和一个黑棋对象，但是它们可以在棋盘的不同位置显示多次。

实验要求：

1.  提交类图；

2.提交源代码；

3.注意编程规范；

4.要求用简单工厂模式和单例模式实现享元工厂类的设计。

 

1.  类图

 

2.  源代码

Coordinates.JAVA

//坐标类：外部状态
//内部状态：x、y
public class Coordinates {
    private int x;
    private int y;

    public Coordinates(int x,int y) {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    }

    public int getX() {
        return x;
    }

    public void setX(int x) {
        this.x = x;
    }

    public int getY() {
        return y;
    }

    public void setY(int y) {
        this.y = y;
    }

}

IgoChessman.java

package org.example;

public abstract class IgoChessman {
    public abstract String getColor();
    public void locate(Coordinates coord){
        System.out.println("棋子颜色："+this.getColor()+",棋子位置："+coord.getX()+","+coord.getY());
    }
}

class BlackIgoChessman extends IgoChessman{

    @Override
    public String getColor() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return "黑色";
    }

}
class WhiteIgoChessman extends IgoChessman{

    @Override
    public String getColor() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return "白色";
    }
}

IgoChessmanFactory.JAVA

package org.example;

import java.util.Hashtable;

public class IgoChessmanFactory {
    private static IgoChessmanFactory instance = new IgoChessmanFactory();
    private static Hashtable ht;

    public IgoChessmanFactory() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        ht = new Hashtable();
        IgoChessman black,white;
        black = new BlackIgoChessman();
        ht.put("b", black);
        white = new WhiteIgoChessman();
        ht.put("w", white);
    }

    public static IgoChessmanFactory getInstance(){
        return instance;
    }

    public static IgoChessman getIgoChessman(String color){
        return (IgoChessman)ht.get(color);
    }

}

Main.java

package org.example;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        IgoChessman black1,black2,black3,white1,white2;
        IgoChessmanFactory factory;
        factory = IgoChessmanFactory.getInstance();
        black1 = factory.getIgoChessman("b");
        black2 = factory.getIgoChessman("b");
        black3 = factory.getIgoChessman("b");
        System.out.println("判断两颗黑棋是否相同："+(black1==black2));

        white1 = factory.getIgoChessman("w");
        white2 = factory.getIgoChessman("w");
        System.out.println("判断两颗白棋是否相同："+(white1==white2));

        black1.locate(new Coordinates(1, 1));
        black2.locate(new Coordinates(2, 4));
        black3.locate(new Coordinates(2, 3));
        white1.locate(new Coordinates(3, 5));
        white2.locate(new Coordinates(2, 6));
    }

}