Spring boot 整合 RabbitMQ

> RabbitMQ是一个被广泛使用的开源消息队列。它是轻量级且易于部署的，它能支持多种消息协议。RabbitMQ可以部署在分布式和联合配置中，以满足高规模、高可用性的需求。

1. RabbitMQ的安装和使用

1.1 Windows篇

1.1.1 安装Erlang

下载地址：https://www.erlang.org/download

1.1.2 安装RabbitMQ

下载地址：https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases

1.1.3 启动RabbitMQ

  1. 进入MQ安装目录下的sbin目录

    image-20220708113437082

  2. 在终端输入启动命令:

    ./rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

    image-20220708113635377

  3. 查看是否安装成功：http://localhost:15672/

    image-20220708113846569

  4. 输入账号 密码 guest guest

    image-20220708113917597

  5. 创建账号并设置为管理员

    image-20220708115024166

  6. 创建虚拟节点

    image-20220708115237303

  7. 给用户添加虚拟节点

    image-20220708115305347image-20220708115325538

  8. 配置完成

1.2 Linux篇

1.2.1 安装Erlang

1.前置条件 https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/erlang/install#bash-rpm

curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/rabbitmq/erlang/script.rpm.sh | sudo bash

2.安装Erlang

yum install -y erlang

3.查看erl版本

erl

image-20220717155335709

1.2.2 安装RabbitMQ

1.导入俩个key

rpm --import https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/gpgkey
rpm --import https://packagecloud.io/gpg.key

2.前置条件 https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/install#bash-rpm

curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/script.rpm.sh | sudo bash

3.下载rpm包

CentOS7：
https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/download/v3.8.5/rabbitmq-server-3.8.5-1.el7.noarch.rpm
CentOS8:
https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/download/v3.8.5/rabbitmq-server-3.8.5-1.el8.noarch.rpm

4.安装socat

yum -y install epel-release
yum -y install socat

5.安装RabbitMQ

rpm -ivh rabbitmq-server-3.8.5-1.el7.noarch.rpm

6.启用插件

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

7.启动

systemctl start rabbitmq-server

1.2.3 启动RabbitMQ

  1. 访问控制台 地址 http://ip:15672

    账号密码默认为guest，但是只能用localhost访问

    image-20220717160106957

  2. 创建用户

    rabbitmqctl add_user admin aaaaaa

  3. 设置admin为超级管理员

    rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator

  4. 授权远程访问

    rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / admin "." "." ".*"

  5. 重启RabbitMQ

    systemctl restart rabbitmq-server

  6. 登录

    image-20220717160043763

1.3 消息模型

arch_screen_52.b0519322

标志 中文名 英文名 描述
P 生产者 Producer 消息的发送者，可以将消息发送到交换机
C 消费者 Consumer 消息的接收者，从队列中获取消息进行消费
X 交换机 Exchange 接收生产者发送的消息，并根据路由键发送给指定队列
Q 队列 Queue 存储从交换机发来的消息
type 交换机类型 type direct表示直接根据路由键（orange/black）发送消息

2. Spring Boot整合RabbitMQ实现延迟消息

业务场景说明：

用于解决用户下单以后，订单超时如何取消订单的问题。

  • 用户进行下单操作（会有锁定商品库存、使用优惠券、积分一系列的操作）；
  • 生成订单，获取订单的id；
  • 获取到设置的订单超时时间（假设设置的为60分钟不支付取消订单）；
  • 按订单超时时间发送一个延迟消息给RabbitMQ，让它在订单超时后触发取消订单的操作；
  • 如果用户没有支付，进行取消订单操作（释放锁定商品库存、返还优惠券、返回积分一系列操作）

2.1 在pom.xml添加依赖

<!--消息队列相关依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--lombok依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

2.2 修改yml文件

  rabbitmq:
    host: localhost # rabbitmq的连接地址
    port: 5672 # rabbitmq的连接端口号
    virtual-host: /lsv # rabbitmq的虚拟host
    username: xxx # rabbitmq的用户名
    password: xxx # rabbitmq的密码
    publisher-confirm-type: correlated

2.3 添加消息队列的枚举配置类

package com.gt.lsv.portal.domain;

import lombok.Getter;

/**
 * @Description 消息队列枚举配置
 * @Author ChenJG
 * @create 2022/7/8 12:32
 */
@Getter
public enum QueueEnum {
    /**
     * 消息通知队列
     */
    QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL("lsv.order.direct", "lsv.order.cancel", "lsv.order.cancel"),
    /**
     * 消息通知ttl队列
     */
    QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL("lsv.order.direct.ttl", "lsv.order.cancel.ttl", "lsv.order.cancel.ttl");

    /**
     * 交换名称
     */
    private String exchange;
    /**
     * 队列名称
     */
    private String name;
    /**
     * 路由键
     */
    private String routeKey;

    QueueEnum(String exchange, String name, String routeKey) {
        this.exchange = exchange;
        this.name = name;
        this.routeKey = routeKey;
    }
}

2.4 添加RabbitMQ的配置

package com.gt.lsv.portal.config;

import com.gt.lsv.portal.domain.QueueEnum;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @Description 消息队列配置类
 * @Author ChenJG
 * @create 2022/7/8 12:40
 */

@Configuration
public class RabbitMqConfig {

    /**
     * 订单消息实际消费队列所绑定的交换机
     */
    @Bean
    DirectExchange orderDirect() {
        return (DirectExchange) ExchangeBuilder
                .directExchange(QueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange())
                .durable(true)
                .build();
    }

    /**
     * 订单延迟队列队列所绑定的交换机
     */
    @Bean
    DirectExchange orderTtlDirect() {
        return (DirectExchange) ExchangeBuilder
                .directExchange(QueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange())
                .durable(true)
                .build();
    }

    /**
     * 订单实际消费队列
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue orderQueue() {
        return new Queue(QueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getName());
    }

    /**
     * 订单延迟队列（死信队列）
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue orderTtlQueue() {
        return QueueBuilder
                .durable(QueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getName())
                .withArgument("x-dead-letter-exchange", QueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange())//到期后转发的交换机
                .withArgument("x-dead-letter-routing-key", QueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey())//到期后转发的路由键
                .build();
    }

    /**
     * 将订单队列绑定到交换机
     */
    @Bean
    Binding orderBinding(DirectExchange orderDirect, Queue orderQueue) {
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(orderQueue)
                .to(orderDirect)
                .with(QueueEnum.QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey());
    }

    /**
     * 将订单延迟队列绑定到交换机
     */
    @Bean
    Binding orderTtlBinding(DirectExchange orderTtlDirect, Queue orderTtlQueue) {
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(orderTtlQueue)
                .to(orderTtlDirect)
                .with(QueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey());
    }

}

2.5 添加延迟消息发送者CancelOrderSender

package com.gt.lsv.portal.component;

import com.gt.lsv.portal.domain.QueueEnum;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessagePostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @Description 取消订单发起者
 * @Author ChenJG
 * @create 2022/7/8 20:55
 */

@Component
public class CancelOrderSender {
    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CancelOrderSender.class);
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void sendMessage(Long orderId,final long delayTimes){
        //给延迟队列发送消息
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(QueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange(), QueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey(), orderId, new MessagePostProcessor() {
            @Override
            public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException {
                //给消息设置延迟毫秒值
                message.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(String.valueOf(delayTimes));
                return message;
            }
        });
        LOGGER.info("send delay message orderId:{}",orderId);
    }
}

2.6 取消订单消息的接收者CancelOrderReceiver

package com.gt.lsv.portal.component;

import com.gt.lsv.portal.service.TmsPortalOrderService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @Description 取消订单接收者
 * @Author ChenJG
 * @create 2022/7/8 21:34
 */
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "lsv.order.cancel")
public class CancelOrderReceiver {
    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CancelOrderReceiver.class);
    @Autowired
    private TmsPortalOrderService portalOrderService;
    @RabbitHandler
    public void handle(Long orderId){
        LOGGER.info("receive delay message orderId:{}",orderId);
        portalOrderService.cancelOrder(orderId);
    }
}

2.7 添加TmsPortalOrderService接口

package com.gt.lsv.portal.service;

import com.gt.lsv.common.api.CommonResult;

/**
 * @Description 订单管理
 * @Author ChenJG
 * @create 2022/7/8 21:35
 */

public interface TmsPortalOrderService {
    void cancelOrder(Long orderId);

    CommonResult createOrder(Long orderParam);
}

package com.gt.lsv.portal.service.impl;

import com.gt.lsv.common.api.CommonResult;
import com.gt.lsv.portal.component.CancelOrderSender;
import com.gt.lsv.portal.service.TmsPortalOrderService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * @Description 订单管理实现
 * @Author ChenJG
 * @create 2022/7/8 21:35
 */

@Service
public class TmsPortalOrderServiceImpl implements TmsPortalOrderService {
    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TmsPortalOrderServiceImpl.class);
    @Autowired
    private CancelOrderSender cancelOrderSender;

    public void cancelOrder(Long orderId) {
        LOGGER.info("process cancelOrder orderId:{}", orderId);

    }

    @Override
    public CommonResult createOrder(Long orderParam) {
        LOGGER.info("process generateOrder");
        //下单完成后开启一个延迟消息，用于当用户没有付款时取消订单（orderId应该在下单后生成）
        sendDelayMessageCancelOrder(11L);
        return CommonResult.success(null, "下单成功");
    }

    private void sendDelayMessageCancelOrder(Long orderId) {
        //获取订单超时时间，假设为60分钟
        long delayTimes = 30 * 1000;
        //发送延迟消息
        cancelOrderSender.sendMessage(orderId, delayTimes);
    }

}

2.8 添加TmsPortalOrderController

package com.gt.lsv.portal.controller;

import com.gt.lsv.common.api.CommonResult;
import com.gt.lsv.portal.config.Swagger2Config;
import com.gt.lsv.portal.service.TmsPortalOrderService;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @Description 订单管理
 * @Author ChenJG
 * @create 2022/7/8 21:57
 */
@RestController
@Api(tags = {Swagger2Config.TMS})
@RequestMapping("/order")
public class TmsPortalOrderController {
    @Autowired
    private TmsPortalOrderService portalOrderService;

    @PostMapping("/product")
    @ApiOperation("生成订单")
    public CommonResult createOrder(@RequestParam Long orderParam) {
        return  portalOrderService.createOrder(orderParam);

    }
}

2.9 在RabbitMq 管理中看见新建的Exchange和Queue

PS：前面出过一个坑，在没有使用注解@RabbitListener(queues = "lsv.order.cancel")的时候不会在管理页面看见交换机，不知道是不是我的问题还是版本BUG

image-20220708231047204

image-20220708231109827

image-20220708231118269

2.10 接口测试

我们延迟设置为30simage-20220708231209527

image-20220708231226941

posted @ 2022-07-18 15:09  国-哥  阅读(916)  评论(1)  编辑  收藏  举报