Java多线程 — — lock、await 、signal 组合 替换 sync、wait、notifyAll,实现精准唤醒线程

接上篇博客我们使用老旧的多线程API实现了线程间通信,

但是为了让线程运行的更有效率,

本篇我们采用 lock、await 、signal 新特性,

进行再次酿造,

旧瓶子,装点新酒


需求:

很简单,要求顺次打印1次A,2次B,3次C,循环来10遍。

废话不多说,直接上源码:

package ldk.test;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * @Author: ldk
 * @Date: 2020/12/18 16:03
 * @Describe:
 */
public class ThreadTest1 {


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Data data = new Data();
        //生产者线程A
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.print1();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "A").start();

        //生产者线程B
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.print2();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "B").start();

        //消费者线程C
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.print3();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "C").start();


    }


    //数据类
    static class Data {
        //表示数据个数
        private int number = 1;

        private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
        private Condition condition1 = lock.newCondition();
        private Condition condition2 = lock.newCondition();
        private Condition condition3 = lock.newCondition();

        public void print1() throws InterruptedException {
            lock.lock();
            try {
                while (number != 1) {
                    condition1.await();
                }
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
                number = 2;
                condition2.signal();
            } finally {
                lock.unlock();
            }

        }

        public void print2() throws InterruptedException {
            lock.lock();
            try {
                while (number != 2) {
                    condition2.await();
                }
                for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
                number = 3;
                condition3.signal();
            } finally {
                lock.unlock();
            }

        }

        public void print3() throws InterruptedException {
            lock.lock();
            try {
                while (number != 3) {
                    condition3.await();
                }
                for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
                number = 1;
                condition1.signal();
            } finally {
                lock.unlock();
            }

        }
    }
}

 

执行结果:

 

 简单分析:

需求很明了,
按顺序走10遍,
我们主要优化的是精准唤醒,
每次执行完须定向地执行下个目标,
lock和unlock想必大家很熟悉,就是上锁,解锁操作,

主要是condition控制了线程的精准调度

流程简单分析:

1、值初始化为1,很自然进入print1,打印1次

2、值变成2,唤醒condition2,执行打印2次,唤醒condition3(即使开始是condition3抢到,现在值为2,condition3线程只能等待,最终还是有condition2执行)

3、此时值为3,且condition3唤醒,打印3次,值设置为1,唤醒condition1,

4、...周而复始,打印10遍为止。

 

posted @ 2020-12-20 19:56  Dkwestworld  阅读(649)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报